6 20 1089 https://projectdaps.org/files/original/a5496f93955855201044fd5edfc38e5e.pdf 6d8d8e2442a8677b2ca1f0a3e8843fa7 PDF Text Text N ovem ber 3 0 , 1 9 5 5 . G e n tle m e n o f t h e C o m m itte e : I, E .B .H e n d e r s o n o f F a l l s C h u rc h , V a ., p r e s i d e n t o f t h V i r g i n i a S t a t e C o n f e r e n c e o f B r a n c h e s o f t h e NAACP, a s o n e o f i t s re p re s e n ta tiv e s , am end t h e S t a t e am h e r e t o s ta te o u r o p p o s itio n to th e p ro p o s a l to C o n s t i t u t i o n t o m ake p o s s i b l e e v a s io n o f t h e e d ic t o f t h e S u p re m e C o u r t a g a i n s t s e g r e g a t i o n i n p u b l i c s c h o o l s . We b e l i e v e g r e a t h a rm w i l l come t o t h e s ta te c h ild re n o f o ur a n d t o t h e c i t i z e n s o f t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s o f w h ic h o u r common w e a lth i s a p a rtx i f our s ta te c o n s titu tio n i s a m en d ed s o a s t o w eaken o u r p u b l ic s c h o o l s y s te m . Two a n d a h a l f c e n t u r i e s a g o C o l o n i a l G o v e r n o r B e r k e l e y o p p o sed th e id e a o f p u b lic e d u c a tio n and hoped i t f o r h u n d re d s o f y e a r s . to t he le g is la tu r e w o u ld n o t o c c u r I n 1 7 7 9 T hom as ^ e f f e r s o n p r e s e n t e d a o f V ir g in ia f o r th e e s ta b lis h m e n t o f a p u b lic s c h o o l s y s te m b u t n o t u n t i l 1 7 9 6 d i d t h e l e g i s l a t u r e upon su ch a b i l l . b ill H ow ever i t a c t fa v o ra b ly w as s o h e d g e d w i t h r e s t r i c t i o n s t h a t b y 1 8 1 6 o n l y o n e c o u n ty i n V i r g i n i a h a d e s t a b l i s h e d a p u b l i c s c h o o l . N ot u n t i l 1 8 6 9 d i d t h e g e n e r a l s s e m b ly v o t e t o e s t a b l i s h a u n ifo rm s y s te m o f p u b l i c s c h o o l s w i t h f u l l i n t r o d u c t i o n i n t o t h e c o u n tie s by th e y e a r 1876 o r as e a r l y a s p r a c t ic a b le . F o r y e a rs by a c c e p te d s ta n d a r d s V ir g in ia h a s b een n e a r th e b o tto m o f t h e l i s t f o f s t a t e s , r » - - £ F i ^ u R io n o f --D t> a 4 » o s . O n ly i n r e c e n t y e a r s h a s V i r g i n i a m ade n o t a b l e im p ro v e m e n ts i n p u b l i s s c h o o l e d u c a tio n . The p r o p o s a l t o d e l e t e t h e s e c t i o n w h ic h l i m i t e d t a x f u n d s t o t h e s u p p o r t o f p u b l is s c h o o ls o p e r a te d by th e s t a t e w i l l d o u b tle s s w e a k e n t h e p u b l i c s c h o o l s y s te m a s we p r e s e n t l y o p e r a t e i t . The �p a g e 2 - E .B .H e n d e r s o n ' e a r l y c o n c e p t i n c o l o n i a l t i m e s w as e x p r e s s e d b y G o v e r n o r B e r k e l e y , th a t" e v e r y man a c c o r d i n g t o h i s a b i l i t y in s tru c tin g h i s own c h i l d r e n " . T h o s e who w e re r i c h e n o u g h s e n t t h e i r c h i l d r e n t o E n g la n d , to s c h o o ls in th e n o r th o r t o p r iv a te s c h o o ls . r e m a in e d n o p u b l i c l y s p o n s o r e d i n s t r u c t i o n . i l l i t e r a c y w ill in c re a s e i f th e F o r th e m asses t h e i r I f e a r t h a t V i r g i n i a 's C o n s t i t u t i o n i s a m e n d ed a n d t h e p l a n s o u t l i n e d b y t h e G ra y ' C o m m issio n a r e p u t i n t o e ffe c t. O th e rs s p e a k in g b e f o r e y o u t o d a y w i l l p o i n t o u t how t h i s w i l l h a p p e n . Can V i r g i n i a a ffo rd to d e c re a s e e d u c a tio n a l o p p o r tu n itie s f o r th e m asses o f i t s c h ild re n ? N ot o n l y w i l l V i r g i n i a s u f f e r b u t a s a n i n t e g r a l p a r t o f t h e u n io n o f s t a t e s th e e n ti r e n a tio n i s w eakened. V i r g i n i a a n d som e o t h e r s o u th e r n s t a t e s p ro d u c e t h e l a r g e s t num ber o f d e f f e r e d o f re je c te d r e g is tr a n ts of s ta te is in our s e le c tiv e s e rv ic e s y s t e m . O ur d e p a r t m e n t s p e n d i n g m i l l i o n s o f d o l l a r s and^ g r e a t e f f o r t t o m ake f r i e n d s f o r d e m o c ra c y a l l o v e r t h e w o r l d . le s s m illio n s to e d u c a te h e r c h i l d r e n . R u s s ia i s sp e n d in g c o u n t I f V i r g i n i a l e a d s t h e m ove m e n t t o w e a k e n p u b l i c i n s t r u c t i o n we may l o s e m any p o t e n t i a l l e a d e r s i n v a r io u s f i e l d s i n t h i s w o rld s t r u g g l e f o r p o w er an d p e a c e . I f t h i s am en d m en t t o th e c o n s t i t u t i o n obey th e is a d o p te d b a s e d on r e f u s a l t o C o n s t i t u t i o n o f t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s t h e m i l l i o n s we s p e n d t o p r o v e t o t h e w o r l d t h a t d e m o c ra c y a n d C h r i s t i a n i t y a r e a b e t t e r w ay o f l i f e D iv -id ^ ga\liT w i l l i n a l a r g e m e a s u re g o f o r n a u g h t . Un i f r e a w o s t r a n d , 1. T he U n i t e d S t a t e s c an n o t a f f o r d to p e rm it th e c i t i z e n s o f o n e o r m ore s t a t e s t o g ro w u p u n t a u g h t t o m e e t t h e v i c i s s i t u d e s o f t h i s w o rld . <One w o r d a b o u t t h e p r e a m b le t o ' t h e 9*4 G ra y u e p o r t . T hom as J e f f e r - s o n , " " I t r e m b l e f o r my c o u n t r y w hen I r e f l e c t God i s ju s t, th a t h is �ju s tic e can n o t s le e p f o re v e r. d e s p o tis m . N o th in g i s Commerce b e tw e e n ' m a s t e r a n d s l a v e i s m o re e e r t a i n l y w r i t t e n i n t h e b o o k o f f a t e t h a n t h a t t h e s e p e o p l e a r e t o b e f r e e . E s t a b l i s h t h e la w f o r e d u c a t i n th e common p e o p l e . T h is i s on a g e n e r a l p l a n . " th e b u s in e s s o f t h e T he S u p re m e C o u r t o f t h e s e g re g a tio n does n o t a f fo r d e q u a lity in s ta te to e f f e c t and la n d has r u le d th a t e d u c a tio n . T he I n t e r - S t a t e Com merce C o m m issio n h a s j u s t r u l e d s e g r e g a t i o n i n i n t e r - s t a t e is a ls o i l l e g a l . i n te rm s o f t h i s tra v e l B o th d e c i s i o n s w e re b a s e d oh t h e la w a s i n t e r p r e t e d d a y and t im e . rie r e a g a i n T hom as J e f f e r s o n s p o k e , " la m n o t a n a d v o c a t e f o r f r e q u e n t c h a n g e s i n l a w s a n d c o n s t i t u t i o n s . B u t l a w s a n d C o n s t i t u t i o n s m u s t go h a n d i n h a n d w i t h t h e p r o g r e s s o f t h e hum an m in d . As t h a t b e c o m e s m ore e n l i g h t e n e d , a s new d i s c o v e r i e s a n d m a n n e rs a n d o p i n i o n s c h a n g e , w i t h t h e change o f c ir c u m s ta n c e s , i n s t i t u t i o n s m u st a d v a n c e a l s o t o k e e p p a c e w i t h t h e t i m e s , We m ig h t a s w e l l r e q u i r e a m i man t o w e a r s t i l l a boy as c iv i l iz e d th e c o a t w h ic h f i t t e d h im a s s o c i e t y t o r e m a in e v e r u n d e r t h e r e g im e n o f t h e i r b a rb a ro u s a n c e s to r s ." I n b e l a b o r i n g t h e S u p re m e C o u r t f o r a c t i n g i n l i g h t o f t h e p r o g r e s s o f h u m a n ity a n d o f t h e N e g ro i n t h e U n i t e d s t a t e s t h e G ra y C o m m issio n w as a t w id e v a r i a n c e t o t h e t h o u g h t o f t h e g r e a t V i r g i n i a n a n d m any o f o u r g r e a t s t a t e s m e n o f t h e p a s t . I n c l o s i n g I w o u ld s u g g e s t y o u n o t b e i n f l u e n c e d b y t h e p h o n y f e a r s m any o f t h e l e s s l i t e r a t e a c h a n g e i n o u r e n u a e hw pi ii . m b e n o m ore d a n g e r t o t h e and t h e p r e ju d i c e d u s e t o a d v o c a te s y s te m o f p u b l i c e d u c a t i o n . T h e r e w i l l s o c ie ty o f V ir g in ia th ro u g h i n te g r a t i o n o f p u b lic s c h o o ls th a n e x i s t s e l s e w h e r e i n t h e s e U n i t e d S t a t e s w h e re s c h o o ls h av e b een i n t e g r a t e d . I t i s o u r f e r v e n t hope t h a t s ta te s m e n o f t h e t w e n t i e t h c e n t u r y now g o v e r n i n g V i r g i n i a w i l l n o t v o t e t o r e t a r d p u b l i c e d u e a t i on wh i o li- u n d w ilrtP B t jp1 i s t h e b u lw a r k o f o u r 1 c iv iliz a tio n . J � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource RG 18: Personal Papers of Barbara Marx Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Letter from E.B. Henderson Description An account of the resource Letter to E.B. Henderson, President of the Virginia State Conference of Branches of the NAACP, stating their opposition to the proposed constitutional amendment. 3 pages. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived RG 18, Personal Papers of Barbara Marx Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource E. B. Henderson Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1950s Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This image is subject to copyright. Unauthorized use of the images in the Local History Collections of the Arlington Community Archives is prohibited. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 18_2_3_10_41 https://projectdaps.org/files/original/d96289c2b8475e3213ed94177d875f75.pdf bb15afc231c26d8f9bd97e1f24ae3687 PDF Text Text SAVE OUR SCHOOLS! - - B E F O R E I T ’S TOO L A T E F o r the s a k e of y o u r c h ild re n , y o u r s c h o o ls , y o u r hom e and y o u r s a v in g s - - vote AGAINST the C o n s titu tio n a l A m e n d m e n t J a n u a ry 9. T he r e a s o n is s im p ly th is : T he G ra y S ch em e to p o u r out p u b lic funds fo r p r iv a te tu itio n m e a n s th a t N o rth e rn V irg in ia c i t i z e n s w ill be fo rc e d to pay ta x d o l la r s fo r the d e s tr u c tio n of our p u b lic sc h o o l s y s te m . EVEN NOW you a r e p a y in g fo r s c h o o ls in S o u th e rn V irg in ia . S o u th e rn c o u n tie s pay in to R ichm ond o n ly a h a lf to a fo u rth of the ta x e s you p a y . And th ey g e t b a c k two to five tim e s a s m u ch m oney fo r lo c a l g o v e rn m e n t a s you g e t. Now, The S ta te M ach in e is s e ttin g up a n o th e r p ip e lin e to y o u r p o ck etb o o k to sip h o n off m o re d o lla r s - to fin an ce p r iv a te s c h o o ls in S o u th e rn C o u n tie s th a t p la n op en ly to abandon p u b lic s c h o o ls . C heck the G ra y R e p o rt i ts e l f . It o p e n ly c o n d o n es a b a n d o n m e n t of o u r tr a d itio n a l “ f r e e , c o m p u ls o ry p u b lic e d u c a tio n ” s y s te m in m an y a r e a s . It c a l l s fo r the s u b s titu tio n of a h y b rid p r i v a t e - a n d p u b lic s y s te m in o t h e r s . Its o u tc o m e sh o u ld be o b v io u s to a ll: A c o s tly and e n o rm o u s ly d is ru p tiv e u p h e a v a l in o u r s c h o o ls . C o n s id e r th is : C o s ts to p a r e n t s , ta x p a y e rs , w ill r i s e s h a r p ly , p e rh a p s d i s a s tr o u s ly , u n d e r th is p la n . T he C o m m iss io n s a y s : " T h e C o m m is s io n r e a l iz e s th a t the p a y m e n ts of tu itio n g r a n ts in lo c a l it i e s w h e re in public s c h o o ls a r e o p e ra te d m a y n e c e s s ita te so m e e x p e n d itu re s beyond the ad o p ted sc h o o l b u d g e t.” S m a ll w o n d e r. C o n s id e r the p lig h t of a co u n ty in w hich a fo u rth o r a h a lf of i t s p u p ils e x e r c is e th e ir new p o w er to q u it p u b lic sc h o o l and ta k e n th e ir p e r -p u p il s h a r e w ith th e m . L ig h t, h e a t, r e p a i r s , f ir e in s u r a n c e s t i l l w ill have to be paid in u n d im in ish e d a m o u n ts . So w ill i n t e r e s t and p r in c ip a l on d e b t in c u r r e d fo r sc h o o l c o n s tr u c tio n . M o re m o n ey , o b v io u sly , w ill h ave to be e x tr a c te d fro m ta x p a y e r s ’ p o c k e ts - - y o u r s . O ur p r o p e r ty v a lu e s a r e c e r t a i n to be re d u c e d s h a r p ly by th e s e c o n d itio n s, and o u r lo c a l ta x in g p ro b le m s v a s tly in c r e a s e d . W ho w ill w ant to buy a h om e and s e ttle a fa m ily h e r e no w ? W ho w ould lo c a te a new in d u s try h e r e now ? And who w ill buy the m illio n s of d o l la r s in sc h o o l bon d s a lr e a d y a p p ro v e d w hen p r o p e rty v a lu e s , ta x e s and s c h o o ls a r e u n d e rg o in g su c h a d r a s t i c u p h e a v a l? T h o se b o n d s - - if th e y c a n be so ld a t a ll - - w ill tak e a high i n te r e s t r a t e . Y ou’ll p a y i t, in ta x e s , alo n g w ith h ig h e r ta x e s fo r p riv a te tu itio n . - 1 - �P u b lic s c h o o ls w ill c lo s e e n ti r e l y in s o m e l o c a l it i e s if the plan g o e s th ro u g h . T he G ra y r e p o r t i ts e l f p r e d ic ts th a t, if the sc h e m e is put in to e ffe c t, th e r e w ill be “ l o c a litie s w h e re in no p u b lic sc h o o ls are oper at ed. . . ” S c h o la s tic s ta n d a r d s w ill be s e r i o u s l y w e a k e n e d , q u ite p o ss ib ly d e s tr o y e d . S e n a to r F e n w ic k s a y s o nly th a t the S ta te w ill go on a c c r e d itin g p r iv a te s c h o o ls th a t a c h ie v e h igh s ta n d a r d s . B ut he s a y s n o th in g of REQ U IRIN G h ig h s ta n d a r d s . G o v e rn o r S ta n le y fra n k ly a d m its s ta n d a r d s w ill be s a c rif ic e d . He s a y s , of p r iv a te s c h o o ls : “ S u p e rv is io n and s ta n d a r d s would be the r e s u l t s of the d ic ta te s of the p a r e n ts w hose c h ild re n a r e e n ro lle d th e r e in . ’’ E v en fo r p u b lic s c h o o ls , th e r e is no e f fo r t to e x p la in how s ta n d a r d s c a n be m a in ta in e d u n d e r the c o n d itio n s p ro p o s e d . The plan, in fa c t, c a l l s fo r an end to the r e q u ir e m e n t of a 9 -m o n th sc h o o l t e r m . C o m p u ls o ry a tte n d a n c e , q u ite o b v io u sly , is not to be e n fo rc e d u n d e r any s c h e m e th a t p e r m its m an y c h ild re n , p e rh a p s th o u s a n d s , to qu it p u b lic s c h o o l. A sk G o v e rn o r S ta n le y h im s e lf. A sk ed , in w ritin g , if th is p lan w ill “ n u llify ” the c o m p u ls o ry a tte n d a n c e law , he a n s w e rs , in w ritin g : " Y e s . If we a r e to av o id e n fo rc e d in te g r a tio n , th e r e is no o th e r c o u r s e open to u s. ” W hat i s th e G ra y C o m m is s io n R e p o rt? W hat i s th e C o n s titu tio n a l r e fe r e n d u m a b o u t? T he R e p o rt c a lls fo r: 1. A new le g a l b a s i s fo r a s s ig n in g p u p ils to s c h o o ls . To p r e s e r v e s e g r e g a tio n - - p u p ils , in s te a d of a tte n d in g the n e a r e s t sc h o o l, w ould be a s s ig n e d on the b a s is of in d iv id u a l and g e n e ra l w e lfa re , a p titu d e , e tc . 2. P a y m e n t of p r i v a te - s c h o o l tu itio n g r a n ts to p a re n ts of c h ild re n who have b e e n a s s ig n e d to in te g ra te d s c h o o ls , w h e re v e r a p a re n t o b je c ts . In the re fe r e n d u m , J a n u a ry 9, the p e o p le w ill vote on th is is s u e : S h a ll a c o n v e n tio n be c a lie d to am e n d the C o n s ti tu tio n so a s to p e r m it p r iv a te - s c h o o l tu itio n to be paid o u t of tax funds th a t, u n til now , have b e en u se d only to m a in ta in p u b lic s c h o o ls ? A v ote F O R is a vote fo r h ig h e r ta x e s , the d e s tr u c tio n of the public sc h o o l s y s te m , a d e c lin e in p r o p e rty v a lu e s . A vote AGAINST is a vote fo r y o u r c h ild re n , fo r d e c e n t e d u c a tio n , fo r y o u r r ig h ts to get fu ll valu e fo r y o u r tax d o lla r . - 2 - �No e d u c a tio n a t a ll is w hat th is p la n o f f e r s V irg in ia y o u n g s te rs in s o m e a r e a s . In o th e r lo c a l it i e s , a c a s te s y s te m i s p ro p o s e d . In a r e a s w h e re p u b lic s c h o o ls a r e a b an d o n e d , you c a n e x p e c t th is : a few w e ll- to - d o p a r e n ts w ill be a b le to s u p p le m e n t th e m e a g e r p r i v a t e sc h o o l tu itio n g r a n t th a t is to be p a id , and th u s buy fo r th e ir c h ild re n a d e c e n t e d u c a tio n in the v e r y few good p r iv a te s c h o o ls th a t a r e a v a i l a b le , o r c an be s e t up. F o r the a v e ra g e c h ild in the ty p ic a l fa m ily , o nly the r u d e s t s o r t of sc h o o l p r o g r a m in m a k e s h ift c la s s r o o m s is the b le a k p r o s p e c t. And w hat of the p o o r e s t y o u n g s te rs - - w hite and n e g ro - - in su c h a r e a s ? C an you s e e a d e q u a te p r iv a te s c h o o ls b e in g s e t up, fin a n c e d and o p e ra te d fo r th e m ? T h is r a d ic a l s c h e m e i s e n ti r e l y u n c a lle d f o r , a s anyone who h a s r e a d the S u p re m e C o u rt ru lin g and d ir e c tiv e w ill r e c o g n iz e . NO HASTY ACTION is d e m a n d ed by the C o u rt. To be s u r e , it c a lle d fo r sp e e d in the c r e a tio n of S ta te and lo c a l p la n s fo r c o m p lia n c e w ith its a n ti- s e g r e g a tio n ru lin g , b u t it c a r e f u lly o m itte d a n y r e q u ir e m e n t s a s to the tim e p e r m itte d fo r p u ttin g th e s e p la n s in to e f fe c t. Y et the S ta te now o f f e r s a v a s tly c o m p le x s c h e m e fo r sh a k in g up o u r sc h o o l s y s te m , and g iv e s u s l e s s th a n 2 m o n th s fo r stu d y , d e liv e ra tio n and ju d g m e n t b e fo re the J a n u a r y 9 v o te . T he p lan , a lm o s t c e r ta in ly , is u n c o n s titu tio n a l. No s e r io u s stu d e n t of c o n s titu tio n a l law h a s p u b lic ly e x p r e s s e d a n o p in io n to the c o n tr a r y . N ote th is : the s c h o o ls in w hich s e g r e g a tio n is a c o m p u ls o ry , not a v o lu n ta ry , r e q u ir e m e n t w ill be s c h o o ls p ro v id e d fo r by S ta te law , fin an c ed in p a r t by S ta te funds and tau g h t by te a c h e r s fo r w hom the S ta te p a y s a n a n n u a l r e ti r e m e n t a llo w a n c e . No one c a n s e r i o u s l y doubt th a t e v e n tu a lly th is t r a n s p a r e n t d e v ic e w ill be ru le d a su b te rfu g e by the S u p re m e C o u rt. B u t, a s k y o u r s e lf , w hat h a p p en s to o u r s c h o o ls , y o u r s c h o o ls , in the m e a n tim e ? Is th is p lan o ffe re d in good f a it h ? O r is it o ffe re d a s a h o ld in g a c tio n ? A re a u th o r s a s k in g us to buy i t o nly a s the f i r s t of a long s e r i e s of ta c t ic a l d o d g e s, e a c h m o re ru in o u s to o u r s c h o o ls th an the one b e fo re ? Judge fo r y o u rs e lf: S e n a to r F e n w ic k s a y s th is plan is “ not the fin a l a n s w e r . ” He a d d s: “ If we can g e t th ro u g h the n e x t five y e a r s , w e ’ll h ave tim e to g e t so m e th in g b e tt e r , and a t the s a m e tim e c o n s titu tio n a l. ” O th e r s u p p o rts s p e a k o p e n ly of “ buying tim e . ” S e n a to r B y rd s a y s fra n k ly , “ We m a y find i t n e c e s s a r y to ch an g e o u r ta c tic s fro m tim e to tim e . ” A re you w illin g to “ buy t im e " a t the p r ic e of y o u r c h il d r e n 's e d u c a tio n ? T h at is the m a jo r q u e stio n y o u ’r e going to a n s w e r a t the p o lls on J a n u a ry 9. B eyond th is , h o w e v e r, th e r e a r e s c o r e s of s e r i o u s q u e s tio n s r a is e d by a n x io u s p a r e n ts - - in F a ir f a x C ounty and in o th e r s e c tio n s of the S ta te th a t r e s p e c t the p u b lic sc h o o l s y s te m . O ffic ia ls and G ra y s u p p o rts a r e vague - - o r s ile n t - - o n th e s e p o in ts: - 3 - �Is th is “ lo c a l o p tio n ? ” A sk y o u r s e lf . W ould you, a s a county o ffic ia l! fe e l f r e e to o r d e r a s t a r t on d e s e g re g a tio n and th u s r i s k a flood of d e m a n d s fo r tro u b le s o m e r e a s s ig n m e n ts and c o s tly tu itio n g r a n ts ? No W h ere w ill the b u ild in g s co m e fro m for p r iv a te s c h o o ls ? one e v e n t r i e s to a n s w e r. W hat of f e d e r a l a id ? We r e c e iv e s u b s ta n tia l s u m s now - - w ill we c o n tin u e to do s o ? W hat ab o u t the f e d e r a l aid now planned for sc h o o l c o n s tr u c tio n ? It is a lm o s t c e r ta in ly to be d is tr ib u te d on so m e v a ria tio n of the p e r -p u p il b a s i s . W ith m a n y of i ts p u p ils lo s t to public s c h o o ls , V irg in ia w ill be d e p riv e d of c r itic a lly - n e e d e d b u ild in g funds. W ill G ra y s u p p o r t e r s lik e th e ir p lan in a c tio n ? T h is s e e m s h ig h ly d o u b tfu l. C ounty o ffic ia ls w ill be fo rc e d to avoid c o s tly tu itio n g r a n ts w h e re p o s s ib le . W h e re a p a re n t p r o t e s ts a sc h o o l a s s ig n m e n t, sc h o o l b o a rd s a r e to be giv en p o w er to r e - a s s i g n the child to a n o th e r sc h o o l - - p e rh a p s m an y m ile s fro m the p a r e n t ’s h o m e . P u b lic t r a n s p o rta tio n fo r s u c h “ s c a t t e r ” a s s ig n m e n ts c le a r l y w ill be im p o s s ib le . The c h a o tic r e s u l t is not lik e ly to a p p e a l e v e n to th o se who now sa y th ey w ant the G ra y s c h e m e . W hat of S e c tio n 129 of the C o n stitu tio n , w hich r e q u i r e s th a t the S ta te s h a ll m a in ta in “ a n e ffic ie n t s y s te m of p u b lic f r e e sc h o o ls th ro u g h out the S t a t e . ” The p ro fe s s e d in te n t is to le a v e S e c . 129 in ta c t. Y et the p ro p o se d a m e n d m e n t of S ec. 141, p ro v id in g fo r p r iv a te - s c h o o l tu itio n g r a n ts , s e e m s c le a r l y in c o n flic t w ith S e c . 129. O bviously, in a n y c o n flic t, the l a t e s t a m e n d m e n t ad o p te d w ill tak e p re c e d e n c e . S e c . 129 i s g ra v e ly th r e a te n e d . W hat w ill litig a tio n c o s t the t a x p a y e r ? So t r a n s p a r e n t a dodge is bound to b rin g flood of a p p e a ls to the c o u r ts . It is s ig n ific a n t th a t the G ra y s c h e m e c a l l s fo r le g is la tio n p ro v id in g th a t the s e p a r a t e lo c a litie s w ill foot the b ill fo r d e fe n se in the c o u r ts . A gain, i t ’s y o u r p ocketbook th a t i s b e in g h i- ja c k e d . W hat of the c la im th a t, if the plan is d e fe a te d , so m e c o u n tie s w ill c lo s e T h eir s c h o o ls ? T h is , of- c o u r s e , the C o m m is s io n f r e e ly p r e d ic ts , a s a r e s u l t of i t s own p lan , to o . T h e re is no need fo r it to h a p p en . The S u p re m e C o u rt is d e m a n d in g no qu ick a c tio n by the l o c a litie s - - n o th in g to a ro u s e s u c h an e m o tio n a l and i r r a t i o n a l r e a c tio n . B eyond th a t, how e v e r , the S ta te h a s a m p le a u th o rity to r e q u ir e lo c a l g o v e rn m e n ts to c o o p e ra te in m a in ta in in g p u b lic s c h o o ls . K eep in m ind th a t, in m an y of th e s e c o u n tie s , the S ta te p ro v id e s fro m h a lf to f o u r - f if th s of a ll the funds s p e n t by the l o c a l it i e s . - 4 - � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource RG 18: Personal Papers of Barbara Marx Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Save Our Schools! -- Before it's too Late Description An account of the resource Document arguing for a vote against the constitutional amendment. 4 pages Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived RG 18, Personal Papers of Barbara Marx Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Unknown Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1950s Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This image is subject to copyright. Unauthorized use of the images in the Local History Collections of the Arlington Community Archives is prohibited. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 18_2_3_10_39 https://projectdaps.org/files/original/6b628f801a0f2e31403070276b91f80b.pdf b51d83ee9353ff8af1df18133ae68383 PDF Text Text CAN IT HAPPEN HERE? IT I HAPPENING H ill A re y o u aware that th ese th in gs are ab ou t to h ap p en to y o u : Your Your Your Your taxes — in c o m e and p roperty taxes— are g o in g u p , sh a r p ly ! h o m e ---- or b u sin ess— is g o in g dow n in value, sh arp ly! public schools are b ein g u n d erm in ed , perhaps d estroyed ! children are b ein g robbed o f their righ t to a decen t ed u cation ! A re y ou aware that these th in gs are b e in g fo r ce d on you by the State M achine in o p e n vio la tio n o f law, and utterly w ithou t reason? M ake no m istak e abou t it: T h ese are the disastrous— and certain— results o f the radical Gray P lan fo r a private-school tu ition system financed w ith y o u r tax dollars. IT CAN’T H A P PE N H ER E? IT IS H A PPEN IN G H ER E! R ight now , all the odds favor a victory o n January 9 fo r the State M achine in its cam paign to put over the Gray P lan in the statew ide election . W H Y ? B ecau se the State M achine has giv en voters no tim e to learn h ow p ro fo u n d ly this hysterical and un d em ocratic sch em e w ill dam age their in stitu tion s, their bank accou nts, their property values and their ch ild ren ’s lives. T his sam e State M achine, h ig h ly organized, n ow is p ou rin g the fu ll fo rce o f your tax dollars in to a vast propagan da cam paign to pu t over its plan on January 9. O nly a fe w elected rep resentatives and scattered citizens’ g rou p s— with little tim e or m o n ey — are on han d to do battle. YOUR VOTE 0 AG AIN ST the C onstitu tion al A m en d m en t on J a n u a ry 9 is d esp era tely n eeded as a dem onstration to the M achine th a t the c iti zen s o f N orthern Virginia w ill n ot a ccep t this in fam ous schem e S a v e Our S c h o o l s C o m m i t t e e �SAVE OUR SCHOOLS C O M M IT T E E 1307 A d m ira l D riv e A le x a n d ria , V irg in ia C h a irm a n : A d v iso ry B o a rd W a r r e n D . Q u e n ste d t V ic e - C h a irm e n : M r s . N eva M cK ay C h a r le s M . P l a tt R e v . D ab n ey W elfo rd S e c r e ta r y : M rs . A dele N. W ilso n T rea su re r: W illia m S. H a r r i s C o m m itte e C h a irm e n R e se arc h : M r s . L o u is e P a lm e r V o te r C o n tac t: M rs . C h a rlo tte N u rg e M rs . C onnie G olden P la n n in g : C. T u r n e r H udgins S p e a k e rs B u re a u : W illia m P e r l ik P u b lic ity : F . G. S m ith , J r . D o u g la s A d a m s, J r . P h ilip N. B ro p h y R e v . W . E . C o s tn e r R e v . W illia m J . C um bie M rs . B e tty F a r w e ll P h il F u lle r R a b b i N oah G olinkin M rs . D o ro th y G ra y M rs . Jo h n F r a n k lin H e p n e r J . Sidney H o llan d , S r . M rs . E le a n o r J u s tu s s o n E dw in L ynch B e r n a r d M. M ullad y E d w a rd K . N e llo r Jo h n W. P ic k e tt E . A. P r i c h a r d F a th e r T h o m a s P a t r ic k S c a n n e ll D avid H. S cu ll M rs . N a ta lie Shaw M rs . W in ifre d S m ith F r a n k W a tte rs F le tc h e r W e lle m e y e r J a m e s H. W hytock M rs . C y n th ia Z im m e rm a n � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource RG 18: Personal Papers of Barbara Marx Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Can it happen Here? It is Happening Here Description An account of the resource Flyer from the Save Our Schools Committee arguing for a vote against the constitutional convention. 2 pages Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived RG 18, Personal Papers of Barbara Marx Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Save Our Schools Committee of Arlington Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1950s Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This image is subject to copyright. Unauthorized use of the images in the Local History Collections of the Arlington Community Archives is prohibited. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 18_2_3_10_38 https://projectdaps.org/files/original/c6bc3e64b01970092cc26832ce1f6c02.pdf 3532059b8343879d3ff8e3c70de5f35b PDF Text Text CITIZENS CLEARING HOUSE O PUBLIC EDUCATION N E d ito rs C arolyn Ho Planck 3234 N. P ershing D rive, A rlin g to n , Va. M ailing Addresss 5200 C arlyn S pring R d., A rlo , Va. WILL VIRGINIA'S PUBLIC SCHOOL SYSTEM BE DESTROYED IF RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE G RAY COMMISSION ARE CARRIED OUT? This q u e stio n u n d e rlie s c o n s id e ra tio n of th e e n ti r e re p o rt and heads a l i s t of many o th e r r e la te d p o in ts which a re of g ra v e s t concern to every man, woman and c h ild in th e s t a t e . V ir g in ia v o te rs have a p a r ti c u l a r and immediate r e s p o n s i b i li t y fo r se a rc h in g exam ination of the Gray Commission p ro p o sa ls because i t i s alm ost a c e r t a i n t y t h a t in Jan u ary th ey w i l l be asked to c a rry out th e f i r s t re q u e s t o f th e Commission by v o tin g to a u th o riz e a c o n s titu tio n a l con v e n tio n . Purpose o f th e convention would be to d e le te from th e c o n s titu tio n S e c tio n 141 p ro h itin g a llo c a tio n o f p u b lic funds to p r iv a te e d u c a tio n a l a g e n c ie s. Such an amendment i s nec e ssa ry to open th e way fo r th e rem aining Gray p ro p o sa ls, p a r ti c u l a r ly th e d e v ic es under which t u i t i o n g ra n ts would be p a id to p a re n ts who wish to e n r o ll t h e i r c h ild re n in p r iv a te schools r a th e r than to a c c e p t in te g ra te d p u b lic sc h o o ls. Could removal of S ectio n 141, th e r e f o r e , l i f t th e l i d from a P a n d o ra 's box of tro u b le s f a r more s e rio u s than th e problems involved in a d ju s tin g to in te g r a te d sch o o ls? B efore v o tin g fo r a convention t h a t could tak e t h i s f i r s t s te p toward abandonment of p u b lic sc h o o ls, every c i t i z e n should seek c le a r and s a t is f a c to r y answers to t h a t q u e stio n and many o th e rs such as th eses G eneral E ducational E ffo rts What would be th e e f f e c t o f th e p ro p o sa ls on th e t o t a l e d u c a tio n a l p ro c ess even i f p u b lic sch o o ls a re n o t abandoned in a l l l o c a l i t i e s ? Where p r iv a te schools re p la c e p u b lic sc h o o ls, who w i l l s e t and en fo rc e curriculum sta n d a rd s? Reasonable u n ifo rm ity in co u rses? Q u a lity of in s tru c tio n ? W ill p r iv a te high schools be a c c re d ite d ? Can and w i l l compulsory a tte n d an c e laws be enforced in a mixed system o f p u b lic and p r i v a t e schools? The Gray p lan says a l o c a l it y may o p e ra te schools fo r le s s th an n in e months w ith no lo s s o f s t a t e funds. Does t h i s in d ic a te t h a t a s h o rte r y e ar w i l l be t o le r a te d o r encouraged? I f compulsory a tte n d an c e i s scrapped an d /o r th e school y ear sh o rte n ed , what w i l l be th e f f e c t on ju v e n ile delinquency? Added p o lic e c o s ts ? The u ltim a te a b i l i t y of our young peep.-., to earn adequate liv in g s ? Can a tax p ay er le g a lly p re v en t h is money from going even in d ir e c tly to su b s id iz e p r iv a te sch o o ls? The Commission recommends t h a t no lo c a lly provided t u i t i o n g ra n t "exceed th e t o t a l c o s t o f o p e ra tio n p e r p u p il" in p u b lic schools during th e preceding y e a r, and t h a t th e s t a t e b ear �"one-half of the additional costs." Are parents to pay the other half of this difference between the cost of public and private schools? Will this mean that children in low and middle income groups will be squeezed out of private schools? Will tuition grants be made to Negro parents as well as white sufficient to pay for the education of their children in private schools if they so desire? Does even a nucleus of private facilities exist for elementary and secondary Negro education? Would public school buildings be sold to private interests? be incurred? If so, what losses would Would there be any control in the public interest over the amount of profit that operators of private schools would be allowed to make? What will happen to hard-won teacher salary schedules and standards, contracts and sick-leave provisions? Will private schools require or be forced to require the present standards for preparation of teachers? Can private school facilities be expanded sufficiently and rapidly enough to absorb even the white children in aregs where public schools are abolished? Some private schools already screen applicants for admission. Will children of any minority group other than Negro — Jewish, Chinese, etc., — be admitted without discrimination? Will any community wishing to preserve its public schools and at the same time conform to Federal requirements be hampered in making the necessary adjustments by the complex machinery for pupil transfer spelled out by the Commission? While the report states that school boards "may" furnish transportation, it goes on to s a y that "it should be made perfectly clear that no county board be required to furnish transportation to school children." Does this indicate localities will be permitted to assume no responsibility for getting pupils to either private or public schools? In many cases, would the offer of tuition grants be useless unless transportation is also available? Where legal doubt exists, will special sessions, constitutional conventions, delay and confusions be wasted effort? Has the Commission ignored the Supreme Court's willingness to allow communities time to make gradual adjustment to integration of schools? Would it be better for Virginia in the long run for voters and legislators to reject the Gray proposals and set about genuine efforts to achieve the gradual transition outlined by the Supreme Court? Citizens should seek authoritative information on the foregoing points, and other pertinent questions before they are faced with voting to call a constitutional convention. This vote will be their only direct opportunity to register approval or disapproval of the Gray Commission approach. Can and will the State excerise satisfactory control over text books and teaching materials in private schools to assure their quality and their freedom from un-American ideas? What will be the impact on Virginia taxpayers? Since provision for state aid to localities indicates that the Commission recognizes that private schools cannot be operated as economically as public schools, will this mean a rise in income tax and other levies? Will the Gray proposals stand up in court as the "good faith" compliance upon which the Supreme Court insists? � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource RG 18: Personal Papers of Barbara Marx Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Citizens Clearing House on Public Education, Will Virginia's Public School System be Destroyed if Recommendations of the Gray Commission are Carried Out? Description An account of the resource Mailing asking a series of questions about the recommendations of the Gray Commission to amend the State Constitution. 2 pages Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived RG 18, Personal Papers of Barbara Marx Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Citizens Clearing House on Public Education Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1950s Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This image is subject to copyright. Unauthorized use of the images in the Local History Collections of the Arlington Community Archives is prohibited. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 18_2_3_10_37 https://projectdaps.org/files/original/3770ee56c28d66f3805d7320601d56b9.pdf a4a972ea8b0ea33ef10fca5247d3a4ca PDF Text Text SAVE OUR SCHOOLS COMMITTEE OF ARLINGTON EAST FALLS CHURCH PRECINCT January 3, 1 9 5 6 Dear Friends and Neighbors: Next Monday, January 9» we are being asked to vote for or against the calling of a Constitutional Convention to amend Section lUl of the Virginia Constitution, which now forbids the payment of public funds for private schooling. Vie are being asked to make fundamental changes in our school system and we are being asked to do it in a hurry. As parents, are v/e willing to accept curtailment of transportation, cafeteria facilities, athletics, extra-curricula activities, and a possibly shortened school year? As tax-payers, can we carry the heavy burden of a dual system of public and private schools? A fact sheet for voters prepared by the Citizens Committee for School Improvement and a flyer published by the Virginia League of Vvomen Voters are attached. Together they present a cogent argument why we should vote "AGAINST". Next Monday, January 9 , is the only chance for the individual voter to make known his desires. OnCe a Constitutional Convention assembles, the amendment it passes (which can be even more drastic than the recommenda­ tions embodied in the Gray Commission Report) becomes law by acclamation. The voter has no further opportunity to accept or reject it. Vote AGAINST the Convention, Vote No on the Ninth. Sincerely yours SIGNED: Walter 0. Jacobson Eileen D. Jacobson Anne C. Doster Jerry C. Doster Dorothea S. Jones Naomi Z. Ulmer Melville J. Ulmer Ida V. Johnson John Newdorp Eloise B. Newdorp Bettie M. Moffet NO ON THE NINTH Frank S. Grimaldi Gloria J. Grinaldi Herman C. Orling Gertrude F. Orling George Brooks Kathryn Brooks James S. McCorkle Sara A. McCorkle Jeanne M. Huley Robert J. Huley Barbara S. Marx Esther Fromer TUCKAHOE SCHOOL E arl B. B ailey Harlan G. Lanning Alice 0. Lanning Timothy V.A. Dillon Katherine E. Dillon Merle C. Nelson Robert M. Johnson Dorothy J . Irving Frederick Irving Jean B. Beerbower Dumont Beerbower POLLS OPEN 6:00 TO 6:00 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource RG 18: Personal Papers of Barbara Marx Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Save Our Schools Committee of Arlington, East Falls Church Precinct, Mailing, January 3, 1956 Description An account of the resource Mailing from the Save Our Schools Committee of Arlington against the Constitutional Convention. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived RG 18, Personal Papers of Barbara Marx Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Save Our Schools Committee of Arlington Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1950s Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This image is subject to copyright. Unauthorized use of the images in the Local History Collections of the Arlington Community Archives is prohibited. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 18_2_3_10_36 https://projectdaps.org/files/original/266e7795e7e4d2eee1a4e7e77949c05b.pdf 7c70f57246fa3baebd8b2100654ae9bc PDF Text Text Sa v e O u r S c h o o l s Co m m i t t e e of Ar l in g t o n December 29, 19^5 Dear N eighbor: V hope t h a t you have re a d i n th e newspapers th e f a c t s about th e fe Referendum o f January 9 th . P a r tis a n comments on b o th s id e s have g e n era te d c o n sid e ra b le h e a t. T his i s an a d d itio n a l message about what your vote in th e Referendum means, brought you by th e people and o rg a n iz a tio n s l i s t e d on th e o th e r s i d e . W ask t h a t you so b e rly c o n sid e r how b e s t t o l e g i s l a t e f o r e o rd e rly government and con tin u ed e d u c a tio n a l p ro g ress i n our S ta te when you vote on January 9 th . The Referendum f o r o r a g a in s t a C o n s titu tio n a l Convention w ill be fo llow ed by new S ta te l e g i s l a t i o n f o r p u b lic sc h o o ls0 W have concluded e t h a t th e proposed c o n s t it u t io n a l convention would be o nly th e f i r s t s te p t o wards p o o re r e d u c a tio n a l o p p o r tu n itie s . While more law s may be needed f o r im proving p u b lic e d u c a tio n , we do not lo o k f o r t h e i r enactm ent out o f chang ing th e S ta te C o n s titu tio n i n h a s te . The su g g e stio n s o f th e Gray Commission f o r f u r t h e r S ta te law s a re vague. No a u th o r i t a t iv e e s tim a te s o f a d d itio n a l c o s ts have been p re s e n te d . The t u i t i o n g r a n ts , th e p ro p o sa l to use ta x money t o pay p riv a te school t u i t i o n f e e s , a re unsound p u b lic fin a n c e . A lso, more fundam ental th an th e im p lic a tio n s of h ig h e r c o s t and po o rer e d u c a tio n , th e g ra n t p ro p o sa ls f a i l t o meet th e "good f a i t h im plem entation of th e governing c o n s ti t u ti o n a l p r in c ip le s " s e t f o r t h i n th e Supreme C ourt d e c is io n s . According to c o n s titu tio n a l e x p e r ts , the e v asio n s o f th e g ra n t p ro p o sa l w i l l , i n tim e , be d e c la re d u n c o n s titu tio n a l. Should t h i s happen, we should th e n have to fa ce up to th e r e a l i t i e s o f th e 20th c en tu ry to provide e d u c a tio n a l oppor t u n i t i e s on th e b a s is o f a p u b lic school system t h a t w i l l have been weakened d uring the p e rio d o f c o n fu sio n . We, t h e r e f o r e , j o i n w ith th e churches o f a l l f a i t h s and recommend a vote "A gainst" th e C o n s titu tio n a l Convention i n th e Referendum on January 9 th . The moral fo rc e s o f the community t e s t i f y t h a t continued s e g re g a tio n and continued d e fia n c e o f th e law of th e lan d a re b oth wrong and unw ise0 A vote "A gainst" i s a r e je c t i o n of a su b te rfu g e unworthy of Americans and V irg in ia n s . A vote "A gainst" i s su p p o rt of l e s s d r a s t i c upheaval and i s su p p o rt o f more d e lib e ra te speed i n g ra d u a lly molding our i n s t i t u t i o n s to th e t r a d i t i o n s o f our g r e a t c o u n try . A b e t t e r way can and must be found to move s te p -b y -s te p throu gh th e y e a rs w ith o u t v io le n c e e i t h e r to our n eighbors i n the South o r d ish o n o r t o our f in e S ta te and i t s proud i n s t i t u t i o n s . Edward B. Hincks Chairman, Save Our Schools Committee o f A rlin g to n �I o 3 1* „ £ J3 , Sa v e O u r Sc h o o l Z 2 X! n ) c U 0 ■a o O o X ; -S « c c £ 8. a o 0 c C 3 o o. 3 £ ?? ( > < -H (3 U < U a c o a .2 O_ .s X to <2 •S E a ’S « > e O 6 < o u 3 O « >° c E ? u U T3 c ttj T 3 to X U •5 X 3 o o * u « X ‘5 >> X 3 o H 2 O O Js ,4J — i C O o c p a ‘ O > 1 e* T T E 3 0 9 3 c Uj o X — H > s c o X to o 3 E 6 CO O X ‘ju c 6b o .£P D 3 < ._ X c 2 ~ T 5 o *3 c a >T > 3 *5 aJ 3 £ C to 3 c c U e3 | .2 S c ‘5b d o > 3 c •s Sa l U o Tu 3 0 J3 a D5 § «i S ' ? U 1 C /3 I O 3 a ■ a. o x> > G O O < — 0 < £ U •r •- x! o .> a „ « ' £ 8 •3 i? '3 o « ” o ** o *-' o 3 O ■ C& - -S O IU im \ ts 3 C U 4 3 E §1 .1 * 8 1I i j i E o £ q ; 1 > 13 o . XI g - c r" 3 •- H . . ° ui • .B ° * ■ f 5 “ ti a iu O G g .2 6 COM M ITTEE OF s ARLINGTON Chairman, EDWARD B. HINCKS, President, Arlington Civic Federation Vice Chairman, THEODORE W. TAYLOR, County Council of PTA’s IVAN A. BOOKER, National Education Association MRS. ELIZABETH CAMPBELL, member, Arlington School Board LASZLO H. ECKER-RACZ, tax expert REV. WILLIAM H. FOSTER, JR., Minister, Trinity Presbyterian Church RABBI NOAH GOLINKIN, Arlington Jewish Community Center ROBERT L. GROOM, member, Arlington Republican Committee MRS. VIRGINIA HOWARD, Arlington branch, American Association of University Women RALPH R. KAUL, member elect, Arlington County Board LAWRENCE S. KNAPPEN, President, Citizens’ Committee for School Improvement DAVID L. KRUPSAW, member elect, Arlington County Board MRS. ROGER D. MARSHALL WILLIAM P. McCAHILL, Past Commander, Catholic War Veterans of Arlington JACK C. ORNDORFF, Clearing House for Public Education WILFRED OWEN, Brookings Institution JOHN L. PALMER, Past President, Arlington Education Association G. ROBERT REED, Community Council for Social Progress MRS. SAM RUBENSTEIN, Legislative Committee, Northern Virginia Council of Jewish Women KATHRYN H. STONE, Virginia House of Delegates MRS. HERBERT S. THATCHER, Arlington Democratic Committee REV. ROSS A. WESTON, Minister, Arlington Unitarian Church MRS. RICHARD WHEELER, Council of Arlington Church Women s. o. s. CD p o o K x< p cn g 2 U . Z & P O O w > < S3 S3 z f) O z O H O Z VOTE " N O ” ON THE 9 ™ , o < < D u � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource RG 18: Personal Papers of Barbara Marx Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Save Our Schools Committee of Arlington Mailing, December 29, 1955 Description An account of the resource Mailing from the Save Our Schools Committee of Arlington against the Constitutional Convention. Two pages Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived RG 18, Personal Papers of Barbara Marx Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Save Our Schools Committee of Arlington Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1950s Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This image is subject to copyright. Unauthorized use of the images in the Local History Collections of the Arlington Community Archives is prohibited. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 18_2_3_10_35 https://projectdaps.org/files/original/798ff3edd66e08d34dd5558864da0439.pdf 026eb91abce652171c076332615b84f1 PDF Text Text ARLINGTON COMMITTEE TO PRESERVE PUBLIC SCHOOLS W ill you w ire o r w rite Governor J . L indsay Almond TODAY? To do y o u r p a r t a s a member o f t h i s Committee, p le a s e u rge th e Governor t o u se every power a t h i s d is p o s a l t o keep our sc h o o ls open. I t i s im p o rta n t t h a t th e Governor know how every c i t i z e n f e e l s ab o u t t h i s c r i s i s . The c o s t o f a w ire o r th e tim e and p o sta g e f o r a l e t t e r could n o t be b e t t e r sp e n t. Ask y o u r fr ie n d s and neighbors t o do lik e w is e . DO IT NCW . Septem ber 4, 1958 0. Glenn S ta h l P re s id e n t P .S . Tune i n WTTG-Channel 5 - a t 12:30 p.m. Sunday, S e p t. 7The Georgetown U n iv e rsity Forum w i l l f e a tu r e "Problems o f A rlin g to n P u b lic S ch o o ls." Three members o f o u r Committee w i l l p a r t i c i p a t e i n th e h a lf- h o u r program . N o tify i n t e r e s t ed f r i e n d s . �iUaUTGOT COMMITTEE TO PRESERVE PUBLIC p.o. Box 7112, Va. use . TH IS S ID E O F CARD IS FOR ADDRES BENJAMIN P. CA'REELL 2912 N GLEBE HD ARLINGTON, VIRGINIA ZN OE � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource RG 18: Personal Papers of Barbara Marx Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Arlington Committee to Preserve Public School Mailing, September 4, 1958 Description An account of the resource Mailing to ask members to call on Gov. Almond and to announce an upcoming program. Two pages, reverse has address and stamp Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived RG 18, Personal Papers of Barbara Marx Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Committee to Preserve Public Schools Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1950s Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This image is subject to copyright. Unauthorized use of the images in the Local History Collections of the Arlington Community Archives is prohibited. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 18_2_3_10_34 https://projectdaps.org/files/original/521064d981c99e148070ca3447f594f8.pdf 0133750ac0a09622fb0dc7b1549eb0f8 PDF Text Text REGISTRATION RECORD ARLINGTON COMMITTEE TO PRESERVE PUBLIC SCHOOLS Name (Please Print) jX ______________________________ Telephone: _ Adress:___________________________________________________ The objectives and principles of the Organizing Committee to Preserve Public Schools are: 1. We are determined to pursue every legal means to keep public schools open. 2. We are here concerned neither with perpetuating segregation in schools, nor hastening integration. 3. We oppose intrusting public education to private hands having no responsibility or accountability to the general public. 4. We have faith in Arlington's ability to meet its public education problems. 5. We recognize the excellence of the teaching and administrative staff in Arlington's schools. We assure them that the community values its educational system and that it is determined to maintain its public schools. We urge Arlington teachers to stand with the community in the days ahead. I hereby subscribe to the above objectives and principles. Date________ 1958. Signature:______________________________ Mail to P. O. Box 7112, Arlington 7, Virginia � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource RG 18: Personal Papers of Barbara Marx Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Registration Record, Arlington Committee to Preserve Public Schools Description An account of the resource Registration card to join the Arlington Committee to Preserve Public Schools, lists the objectives and principles of the Organizing Committee Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived RG 18, Personal Papers of Barbara Marx Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Committee to Preserve Public Schools Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1950s Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This image is subject to copyright. Unauthorized use of the images in the Local History Collections of the Arlington Community Archives is prohibited. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 18_2_3_10_33 https://projectdaps.org/files/original/6aa292da017fe33a31956f02d628bfa5.pdf a75df442582351f195c38fcf72f61ebc PDF Text Text January 1956 P re s id e n t, Mrs. Vernon Y/eihe JA 7-5146 E d ito r, Mrs. W illiam Ham ilton KI 9-5496 REFERENDUM O THE N CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION The S tate.L eague announced i t s o p p o sitio n to the proposed amendment of S e c tio n 141 of th e S ta te C o n s titu tio n a f t e r the Board m eeting on December 15 on t t e b a sis o f r e p o rts from the lo c a l V irg in ia Leagues. The A rlin g to n League voted a t a county-w ide membership m eeting on December 6 to tak e a stro n g stan d a g a in s t h o lding th e C o n s titu tio n a l Convention, and announced i t s p o s itio n a f t e r th e S ta te s ta n d was released * The s t a t e and lo c a l r e le a s e s a re r e p rin te d in f u l l in t h i s B u lle tin . The S ta te League i s p re p a rin g a f l y e r a g a in s t th e amendment. Any member who would l ik e t o help w ith i t s d i s t r ib u t i o n should c a l l Mrs. C harles Y B a ile y , /. KE 8-7185 and o f f e r her s e r v ic e s . A rlin g to n L eaguers have c o n trib u te d ^146 to help fin an c e s t a t e and l o c a l a c tio n on t h i s q u e stio n . The panel which p re sen te d th e q u e stio n a t our m eeting has appeared b e fo re th re e lo c a l g ro u p s> and was scheduled f o r a fo u rth appearance b e fo re a c it i z e n s a s s o c ia t io n . At th is l a s t m eeting, however, although the panel had been in v ite d by the p re s id e n t and had accepted in good f a i t h , i t s i m p a r t ia li t y was challenged by s e v e ra l members, and th e group voted n o t to h ear i t u n t i l someone sup p o rtin g th e amendment could be heard a t tb s same tim e. Two o f o u r members a re working a s in d iv id u a ls w ith th e lo c a l S.O .S. (Save Our S chools) committee a g a in s t the amendment. Any League manber who w ishes to help t h i s group sh o u ld c a l l her p r e c in c t chairman a f t e r the names of th e s e chairmen have been announced. S ta te R elease Throughout V irg in ia the members o f th e League of Women V oters in i t s lo c a l o rg a n iz a tio n s have g iv e n a g re a t d e al of thought and study during th e p a s t year and a h a lf to the e f f e c ts of the Supreme C ourt d e c is io n on the p u b lic school system o f V irg in ia , w ith emphasis on the problem s in h e re n t in i t s im plem entation. I t i s a c a rd in a l b e l i e f of th e League th a t reasonable people o f good w i l l, g iv e n tim e and s u f f i c ie n t f a c t s , can, through group d is c u s s io n and exchange of id e a s , reach common a re a s o f agreem ent on b a sic governm ental is s u e s . In t h i s in s ta n c e , the League f e e l s t h a t both time and f a c t s have been con sp ic u o u sly la c k in g . The c it i z e n s of V irg in ia a re being asked to analyze th e �League of Y/omen V oters - 2- Arlington, Va., Jiinuary 1956 Gray recommendations and vote on a convention to amenc our c o n s t it u t io n , a l l w ith in a few weeks. The referendum on January 9 i s t i e only chance fo r th e in d iv id u a l v o te r to h e lp fo rm u la te p o lic y on th: s grave is s u e . Too many q u e stio n s a re im possible to answer. The o f f i c i a l explana- ion of th e Cray r e p o rt is s t i l l being p re p are d ; spokesmen fo r the Gray Commissic a a re answ ering q u e stio n s i n a c o n tra d ic to ry manner. In a d d itio n to the f a c to r of i n s u f f i c i e n t tim e ; nd in fo rm a tio n , the League of '..omen V oters o f V irg in ia opposed th e amending o. S e c tio n 141 o f tk s S ta te C o n sti tu tio n fo r th e follow ing re aso n s: 1. I t i s im possible a t t h i s tim e to d e te r .ine t i e cosl of the t u i t i o n g ra n t program . 2. The t u i t i o n g ra n t p lan would weaken th p u b lic school system . 3. The s t a t e ’s r e s p o n s i b i li t y under S e c tio n 129 :o m a...itain an e f f i c i e n t system o f f r e e p u b lic schools has not sen c l a r i f i e d i f S e c tio n 141 is amended. 4. There a re grave doubts a s to the ultimo be coi s titu - io n a lib y of the t u i t i o n g ra n t p la n . 5. The u n s e ttle d c o n d itio n o f th e V irginL publi 3 school sys tem would be a d e trim en t to the i n d u s t r i a l growth o. the s t a t e . p re se n t stan d ard s o f ou L ocal R e le a s . fit a county-w ide membership m eeting the A rlirg tc . n League of ..omen '/o te rs vo ted to take a stro n g sta n d a g a in s t the h o lding of a C o n s titu tio n a l C oraention to amend S e c tio n 141 o f the V irg in ia C o n s titu tio n • o pern i t the use of p u b lic funds f o r p r iv a te sch o o lin g . The g r e a t m a jo rity of th e 200 members a tte n d in g the m eeting held a t the A rlin g to n U n ita ria n Church a lso voted fo r an a c tiv e campaign to inform the p u b lic of the is s u e s involved, and forew arn the p u b lic t h a t t i e Jan vary 9th vote i s the only o p p o rtu n ity to ex p ress i t s w ishes concerning the use c f p u b lic f u n is fo r p riv a te sc h o o lin g . A fte r concluding a y e a r ’s stu d y o f the e f f e c ts r f the Supreme C o u rt’s d e c isio n on p u b lic sc h o o ls, and a fa c tu a l a n a ly s is o f th. Gray Commit- s io n ’s r e p o rt, the League l i s t e d the follow ing reaso n s fo r opposinc the anendmeit of s e c tio n 141. The hard won e x c e lle n c e o f V irg in ia p u b lic sc h o o ls is s tro n g ly th r aatenet, by a p la n which ta lk s f r e e l y of th e a b o li t io n of sch o ls ii some se c tio n s and which recommends t u i t i o n g ra n ts to be sp e n t in school., which a re not under sta v e c o n tro l and which may have poor s c h o la s tic sta n d a rd s . �League of '.Yemen V oters ,Z '. A rlin g to n , V a., January 1956 The Gray re p o rt t a l k s o f the abandonment o f tr a n s p o r ta tio n , o f c a f e te r i a s , of a t h l e t i c s and o th e r e x tr a - c u r r i c u l a r a c t i v i t i e s . I t s t a t e s th a t a 9-month school s e s s io n should no lo n g e r be re q u ire d . The League f e e l s th a t V irg in ia must fin d a s o lu tio n to the problem s c re a te d by th e Supreme Court d e c isio n 7-hich does not undermine p u b lic e d u ca tio n . V oters, su p p o rtin g a t r i p l e school system —se g re g a te d , in te g r a te d , and p r i v a t e — w i l l c a rry a heavy ta x burden. The G eneral Assembly w i l l not n e c e s s a rily f o i l or; th e Gray Commission recommenda t io n s . E nabling l e g i s l a t i o n may be much more d r a s t i c . Thus v o te rs cannot p r e d ic t th e f u l l consequences o f t h e i r vote on January the 9 th . UNIT MEETINGS M eetings on the F e d e ra l L o y a lty -S e c u rity Program, postponed from December, w ill be held the week of January 16. At t h i s tim e too we w ill have th e l a s t o p p o rtu n ity to suggest item s f o r th e S ta te C urrent Agenda. In th e g e n era l excitem ent o f th e m eeting on the Gray r e p o rt, th o se who had su g g e stio n s fo rg o t to lea v e them. Be su re to bring them t h i s tim e. At our second round of u n it m eetings i n January (o r f i r s t i n February i f your u n it m eets on Wednesday) we w i l l d isc u ss th e s t a t e l e g i s l a t i v e outlo o k . Mrs. W illiam H. Bozman, who i s a rra n g in g t h i s d is c u s s io n , sa y s: "By the end of Jan u ary , the S ta te L e g is la tu re w i l l have been in se ss io n fo r th r e e weeks and much l e g i s l a t i o n w i l l have been in tro d u c e d . This m eeting i s planned to b rin g L eaguers up to d a te as b e s t we can on what l e g i s l a t i o n i s coming up in a re a s of League i n t e r e s t . C a p ita l o u tla y p la n s , and m ental h e a lth seem a t t h i s w ritin g to be two item s on which we w i l l want to r e p o r t , and on which we expect to have a l o t more to t e l l you by th e n . T his m eeting v / il l prepare a l l o f us f o r the complete re p o rt on lo c a l and s t a t e a c tio n on the referendum ." These hydra-headed m eetings w ill in c lu d e , in a d d itio n to th e above, su g g estio n s fo r L ocal Program and the proposed N a tio n a l Program as re tu rn e d to us from the N a tio n a l B oard. Be su re to bring your id e a s fo r L ocal Program to th ese m eetings, January 30 to February 1. U nit M eetings, Week of January 16, F e d e ral L o y a lty -S e c u rity Program To be announced Jan 18 8 :15 PM 4316 12th Rd S Aur H ills - B a r c r o f t To be announced Jan 18 10:00 A M Buck Comm Room Buck Daytime To be announced 8:00 PM 4104 E 4th S t Apt 3 Jan 18 Buck Eve To be announced 8:00 PM 2600 N 16th S t Jan 17 Clarendon To be announced 10:00 A M Rook S p rin g Eghb House Jan 17 N A rl Mom To be announced Rock S pring Nghb House 1:00 Hi Jan 17 N A rl Aft To be announced Jan 16 8:15 PM Rock S pring Nghb House N A rl Eve To be announced 8:00 PM F a irlin g to n Adm Bldg Jan 18 S Arl U nit m eetings the week o f January 30 w ill be held a t the same tim e and p lac e on the sane day of the week, except fo r Aurora H ills B a rc ro ft and South A rlin g to n , whose members w ill be n o t if i e d of th e p la c e o f m eeting by the telephone com m ittee. NEW M BERS EM Mrs. J . C a s s e ll, M rs. J . F ra n k lin , N .A r l.A f t.; Mrs. Jack Teague, Mrs. J . D. Morgan, Mrs. C layton Thomas, Aur. Hi 1 1 s-B a r.; M iss Helene A u stin , N .A rl.E v e .; Mrs. John Powelson, S .A rl. A h e a rty welcome t o a l l seven. �League o f V/omen V oters Ja n . 10 A rlin g to n , V a ., January 1956 B rie fin g : F e d e ra l L o y a lty S e c u rity Program 1717 1 2th S t. N. Home of Mrs. Roy M. Stubbs JA 7-5068 Ja n . 16-18 U nit M eetings See schedule above Ja n . 23 B rie fin g : L ocal C urrent Agenda item s; proposed N a tio n a l Program; L e g is l a t i v e Outlook 4224 23d Rd. N. Home o f Mrs. P e te r Henle Jan . 24 Board m eeting Jan . 26 Chairman*s m eeting Ja n . 30-Feb. 1 U nit m eetings 8:00 PM 8:00 PM DISCUSSION LEADERS* TRAINING COURSE E leven p o t e n t i a l or a c tu a l d is c u s s io n le a d e rs f o r the A rlin g to n League took tim e to a tte n d th e two m eetings o f the D iscu ssio n Leaders* T rain in g Course on December 13 and 15 in th e m idst of p re p a ra tio n s fo r C hristm as. By p opular demand the course w i l l be re p e a te d a t l e a s t once and p o ss ib ly tw ice in the s p rin g . UK TOUR The League of V/omen V oters o f the D i s t r i c t o f Columbia i s sponsoring two more to u r s to the U nited N ations on February 17 and March 16. The p r i c e , 817.50, in c lu d e s tr a n s p o r ta tio n , to u r o f U.N. b u ild in g s , and d in n e r in the B & 0 d in e r on the re tu rn t r i p . For in fo rm a tio n c a l l RE 7-5778. STOP PRESS Developments on the referendum a re coning i n so f a s t t h a t we cannot g e t th is ty p ed b e fo re i t i s o u t o f d a te . In the middle o f page 3, some new r e p o r ts came in , which we a r e ad d in g h e re . Mrs. Roger M arshall debated with D elegate H a rriso n Mann on th e c o n s titu tio n a l amendment a t th e C herrydale C itiz e n s A sso c ia tio n on December 19. The p a n el has th re e more speaking engagements. The B u lle tin supplem ent, which we a l l re c e iv e d in th e m a il, has been so much in demand th a t we a r e running o ff 1,000 more c o p ie s. The V irg in ia S o ciety fo r the P re s e rv a tio n o f th e P u b lic S chools, which has j u s t opened o f f i c e s in the H otel Richmond, l a s asked f o r 500 c o p ie s. I t has asked also f o r 50,000 copies of the f l y e r now i n p re p a ra tio n . A r e p o rte r from L ife and Time c a lle d our p re s id e n t to ask about o u r sta n d . EDITORIAL NOTE A s u b s ti t u te e d ito r has taken over th e B u lle tin for January and F ebruary. Your re g u la r e d it o r , Maxine H am ilton, is veiy busy ju s t now w ith E lle n L i t t l e f i e l d , bom on December 16. Mother and daughter a re re p o rte d as doing w e ll. You w ill have to draw your own c o n clu sio n s as to the c o n d itio n of th e B u lle tin and i t s f o s t e r p a r e n t. �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource RG 18: Personal Papers of Barbara Marx Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource League of Women Voters, Arlington County Virginia, Bulletin, January 1956 Description An account of the resource "Referendum on the Constitutional Convention" January, 1956 Bulletin reprints the releases of the state and county league's stances against the proposed amendment to the State Constitution. 5 Pages Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived RG 18, Personal Papers of Barbara Marx Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource League of Women Voters, Arlington County Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1950s Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This image is subject to copyright. Unauthorized use of the images in the Local History Collections of the Arlington Community Archives is prohibited. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 18_2_3_10_29 https://projectdaps.org/files/original/9bd8fabfcc3797491964020ba911cfb4.pdf f5185262758aa947204814e610dad0d2 PDF Text Text December 1955 P re s id e n t, Mrs„ Vernon Weihe JA 7-5146 E d ito r, Mrs. W illiam Hamilton KI 9-5496 SUPPLEMENTAL FACT SHEET Concerning the Gray Report and the J a n , 9 Referendum Secause of the g ra v ity o f t h i s is s u e , d e sc rib e d by some a s th e most im portant d e c is io n to fa c e V irg in ia in th e l a s t c e n tu ry , and because o f th e g re a t concern shown by our membership, we a re is s u in g t h i s supplement to our December B u lle tin f o r the use o f our members, o f o th e r Leagues and o f any o th e r in te r e s te d organizartio n s and in d iv id u a ls* W a re not p re s e n tin g arguments f o r o r a g a in s t the Gray commission p ro p o s a ls . e T h is i s a d ig e s t o f p e r tin e n t m a te ria l which a tte m p ts to answer many o f the innunye ra b le q u e stio n s which have follow ed the p u b lic a tio n o f the Gray R eport, Topics which are covered h e re in c lu d e ; 1 0 M iscellaneous q u e stio n s r a is e d by the Gray Commission R eport, 2* A summary o f the Gray Commission R eport, 3 0 Tho nar.bor o f stu d e n ts who have been re c e iv in g t u i t i o n g ra n ts from the s t a t e , 4 0 R elevant p o rtio n s of the V irg in ia C o n s titu tio n , 5* Referendum b a ll o t f o r January 9. 6, C o n s titu tio n a lity of t u i t i o n g ra n t program , 7 , Proposed procedure fo r amending th e C o n s titu tio n , 8 , A re p o rt on the s p e c ia l se ss io n o f th e G eneral Assembly, 9* How much w i l l the t u i t i o n g ra n t p la n c o st us? 10* L ast minute s t a t i s t i c s from the School Board* 11, Who may vote in the January 9 referendum? QUESTIONS TO ASK YOURSELF AND OTHERS You a re being asked to change your c o n s titu tio n in o rd e r to make fundam ental changes in your school system* You a re b ein g asked to do i t in a h u rry . Here a re some q u e stio n s you should c o n sid e r in making up your mind. In fo rm atio n may be o b tain e d from many so u rc es, in c lu d in g new spapers, p u b lic m eetings on t h i s su b je c t and t h i s f a c t sheet* �- 2- 1* How much w i l l t h i s program c o st? 20 I s the use o f p u b lic funds f o r p r iv a te seg reg a ted sch o o ls c o n s titu tio n a l? 30 W ill F e d e ra l a id be given to a re a s where se g re g a tio n i s m aintained? 4, I f a l o c a l i t y a b o lis h e s schools w i l l the s t a te have to s te p in and m aintain p u b lic sch o o ls under S e c tio n 129? 5„ Wher9 p u b lic schools a re a b o lish e d and p r iv a te schools w i l l not a cc ep t p u p ils f o r the amount o f the t u i t i o n g ra n t, where w i l l c h ild re n go? 6 In the s ta te ? In A rlin g to n ? „ W ill new in d u s try come to an a re a where the school s i t u a t i o n i s u n c e rta in ? V /ill the p ro p e rty v a lu e s be lowered? 7. Are P rin c e Edward and o th e r c o u n tie s more l i k e l y to a b o lis h t h e i r p u b lic schools w ith o r w ith o u t the t u i t i o n gran ts? 8* W ill enough p r iv a te schools be e s ta b lis h e d fo r c h ild re n whose p a re n ts want p r iv a te schooling? V /ill th ey m ain tain h igh s c h o la s tic stan d ard s? 9, Can wo be sure th a t th e G eneral Assembly w i l l not fo llo w a c o n s titu tio n a l r e v is io n w ith l e g i s l a t i o n which i s much more d r a s t ic th an the Gray recom mendations? THE GRAY COMMISSION REPORT The Gray Commission was a p p o in ted on August 30, 1954 and in s tr u c te d to examine the e f f e c t o f th e U„ S, Supreme C ourt d e c is io n and to make recommendations fo r s t a te a c t lone. On November 11, 1955 i t made i t s r e p o rt to th e Governor which i s summarized h e re 0 The Gray Commission saw i t s problem as "c o n tin u in g a p u b lic school system and a t th e same tim e making p ro v is io n fo r l o c a l i t i e s w herein p u b lic schools a re abandoned and p ro v id in g e d u ca tio n a l o p p o rtu n itie s fo r c h ild re n whose p a re n ts w i l l not send them to in te g ra te d sc h o o ls"„ I t s s o lu tio n ios (A) The Amendment o f S e c tio n 141 o f th e V irg in ia C o n s titu tio n so th a t p u b lic funds may be a p p ro p ria te d " fo r payments o f t u i t i o n , i n s t i t u t i o n a l fe e s and o th e r expenses of stu d e n ts who may d e s ir e to a tte n d p r iv a te s c h o o ls" e and (B) The enactm ent o f l e g i s l a t i o n p ro v id in g ; 1, 2, 3„ 4, 5, "That school boards be a u th o riz e d to a ssig n p u p ils to p a r t i c u l a r schools and to p ro v id e fo r ep p eals in c e r t a i n in s ta n c e s , "That no c h ild be re q u ire d to a tte n d an in te g ra te d sch o o l, "That school boards may d ecide w hether o r not to provide tr a n s p o r ta tio n to sc h o o ls, p u b lic and p r i v a t e , "That school boards have the a u th o r ity to a s s ig n te a c h e rs to a p a r t i c u l a r school and t h a t , in t h i s re s p e c t, the school d iv is io n su p e rin te n d e n ts may not a c t w ithout the consent o f th e board, "That l o c a l i t i e s be a u th o riz e d to r a is e money and to re c e iv e s t a te a id f o r e d u c a tio n a l p u rp o se s. In those l o c a l i t i e s where no p u b lic schools a re op erated th e re should be an e d u c a tio n a l lev y , lim ite d in th e same manner a s p u b lic school l e v i e s , to be expended fo r t u i t i o n g ra n ts and p o s s ib ly f o r tra n s p o rta tio n c o s ts 0 These l o c a l i t i e s should a ls o re c e iv e t h e i r share o f s t a te funds f o r th is p u rpose. �6, T hat school budgets he re q u ire d to in clu d e s u f f i c ie n t amounts fo r th e payment o f t u i t i o n g ra n ts and ( i n some c ases) tr a n s p o r ta tio n . Any c h ild whose p a re n ts o b je c t to an in te g r a te d school s h a ll be given a t u i t i o n g ra n t — 1 in no event 1 would such g ra n t exceod tho t o t a l c o s t o f o p e ra tio n p e r p u p il in average d a ily a tte n d an c e in the p u b lic schools fo r the l o c a l i t y making such g ra n t a s d e te r mined f o r the p re ce d in g school y e ar by the su p e rin te n d e n t”. "And t h a t the S ta te Board o f E ducation be empowered to waive c e r ta in c o n d itio n s in th e d i s t r ib u t i o n o f e s t a t e fu n d s". 7, T hat p ro v is io n be made f o r the reim bursem ent by the s t a te of h a lf o f any ad d i ti o n a l c o s ts which may be in c u rre d in payment o f t u i t i o n g r a n ts , T hat school boards be a u th o riz e d ,to expend funds earm arked fo r p u b lic school purposes (e x clu d in g th o se fo r c a p i t a l o u tla y and ta x d ebt) f o r t u i t i o n g ra n ts w ithout a u th o r ity from th e ta x -le v y in g body. T hat counsel be employed by lo c a l school boards to defend t h e i r a c tio n s and t h a t a l l expenses so in c u rre d be p a id from the l o c a l tre a s u ry , That the V irg in ia Supplem ental R etirem ent Act be broadened to in clu d e p u b lic school te a c h e rs who want to teach in p r iv a te schools e s ta b lis h e d to m aintain s e g re g a tio n . T hat the A tto rn ey G e n era lfs o f f ic e be expanded to enable i t to give th e advice and le g a l a s s is ta n c e to lo c a l boards which w i l l become ne ce ssa ry w ith t h e i r new r e s p o n s i b i l i t i e s and w ith the "v a st number o f r u le s and r e g u la tio n s " . That s e c tio n s of the V irg in ia Code be amended as fo llo w s: L ocal school boards should be a u th o riz e d but n o t re q u ire d to m ain tain p u b lic schools fo r a p e rio d of a t l e a s t nine months in each y e a r. I f t h i s p e rio d i s l e s s than nine months, th e re should be no lo s s in s t a te fu n d s, "The s e c tio n of th e Code r e q u irin g seg reg ated sch o o ls has been rendered v o id by the Supreme Court o f the U nited S ta te s and should be re p e a le d ," "The s e c tio n o f th e Code r e q u irin g c i t i e s to m ain tain a system o f p u b lic schools should be re p e a le d sin c e i t d u p lic a te s a n o th e r p ro v is io n o f the Code." 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, "Subsequent to the C o n s titu tio n a l Convention the commission w i l l be p re p are d to sub m it s p e c if ic b i l l s c a rry in g out th e s e p ro p o s a ls ." Appendix I I I . - T his appendix g iv es the recommended wording fo r the b i l l which the Commission wants the s p e c ia l se ss io n o f th e Assembly to p a s s , su b m ittin g the q u e stio n o f a C o n s titu tio n a l Convention to the v o te r s . C onsiderable s t r e s s i s given to the f a c t t h a t the convention w ill be empowered by the people to c o n sid er and a c t upon the re v is io n s and amendments s p e c if ie d in tte Act and no o th e r s . Reasons fo r th e C o n s titu tio n a l amendment a re l i s t e d : P riv a te ed u catio n o f war orphans, the i n d u s t r ia l r e h a b i l i t a t i o n program , g r a n ts - in - a id o f Negro grad u ate s tu d e n ts , sc h o la rs h ip s f o r tea ch in g and n u rsin g , and " in o rd e r to in s u re educa t io n a l o p p o rtu n itie s fo r th o se c h ild re n who may not o therw ise re c e iv e a p u b lic school ed u catio n due to the d e c is io n o f th e Supremo Court o f the U n ited S ta te s in the school se g re g a tio n c a s e s " . H W M Y STUDENTS W U BE APPECTED BY THIS AM O AN O LD ENDM ENT? In the p a s t y e a r 27 war orphans re c e iv e d s t a te a id , of th ese s ix were a t p r iv a te sc h o o ls. 275 to 280 p ersons a re e n ro lle d in p r iv a te schools as a p a r t o f the program of v o c a tio n a l r e h a b i li t a t i o n fo r p h y s ic a lly and m en tally handicapped p e rso n s. The �s t a t e pays o n e -th ird o f t h e i r c o s t s . The F e d e ral government pays th e o th e r twot h i r d s . These stu d e n ts r e p re s e n t about 10$ of the e n ti r e r e h a b i l i t a t i o n program . L a st y e a r 580 Negroes re c e iv e d $149,000 to h e lp pay the co at of g ra d u ate study a t out o f s t a t e c o lle g e s . Negroes have been encouraged to accept t h i s a id in ste a d of a p p ly in g a t V irg in ia * s w hite c o lle g e s . The G eneral Assembly a p p ro p ria te d $800,000 fo r 1954— fo r s c h o la rs h ip lo an s fo r 56 te a c h e r s . T h is program in c lu d e s n e a rly 1,000 stu d e n ts o f whom 6 6 a re e n ro lle d a t p r i v a t e c o lle g e s , $ 2 2 ,0 0 0 was a p p ro p ria te d fo r s c h o la rs h ip s fo r n u rse s b u t appar e n tly nono o f t h i s i s b e in g spent in p r iv a te sc h o o ls. The Highway Department has 279 p e rso n s who a re ta k in g c o u rses a t p r i v a t e schools m ainly correspondence c o u rses in h ig h er e n g in e erin g , a t a c o s t o f about $46,000> T his th en adds up to 759 p erso n s a t a maximum c o st o f $220,067 whoso e d u ca tio n was in te r r u p te d or i n t e r f e r r e d w ith by the Almond v . Day r o l in g . A lte rn a tiv e arrangem ents would have to be made fo r them i f the C o n s titu tio n i s not amended, RELEVANT PORTIONS OF THE VIRGINIA CONSTITUTION Sec. 129. F ree schools to be m ain tain ed . The G eneral Assembly s h a ll e s t a b l i s h and m ain tain an e f f i c i e n t system of p u b lic f r e e schools throughout th e S ta te . Sec. 138. Compulsory e d u c a tio n . The General Assembly may, in i t s d is c r e tio n , provide fo r th e com pulsory e d u c a tio n o f c h ild re n of school age. Sec. 141. S ta te a p p ro p ria tio n s p ro h ib ite d to schools fo r i n s t i t u t i o n s o f le a rn in g not owned or e x c lu s iv e ly c o n tro lle d by the S ta te o r some su b d iv isio n th e re o f; ex ce p tio n s to r u l e . No a p p ro p ria tio n o f p u b lic funds s h a ll be made to any school o r i n s t i t u t io n of le a rn in g n o t owned o r e x c lu s iv e ly c o n tro lle d by the S ta te o r some p o l i t i c a l su b d iv isio n th e re o f; p ro v id ed , f i r s t , th a t the G eneral Assembly may a p p ro p ria te funds to an agency, or to a school o r i n s t i t u t i o n o f le a rn in g owned o r c o n tro lle d by an agency, c re a te d and e s ta b lis h e d by two or more S ta te s under a j o i n t agree ment to which t h i s S ta te is a p a rty fo r the purpose o f p ro v id in g e d u c a tio n a l f a c i l i t i e s fo r the c it i z e n s o f the s e v e ra l S ta te s jo in in g in such agreem ent; second, th a t c o u n tie s, c i t i e s , towns, and d i s t r i c t s may make a p p r o p r i a ti n g to n o n se c ta ria n schools o f manual, i n d u s t r i a l , o r te c h n ic a l t r a i n i n g , and a ls o to any school o r i n s t i t u t i o n o f le a rn in g owned or e x c lu s iv e ly c o n tro lle d by such county, c i t y town of school d i s t r i c t , REFERENDUM BALLOT FOR JANUARY 9 >*The Act of the G eneral Assembly subm itted to th e people the q u e stio n below p ro v id e s th a t the e le c to r i s v o tin g fo r. or a g a in s t a convention to which w i l l be d e le g a te d by th e people o nly the lim ite d powers o f r e v is in g and amending se c tio n 141 o f th e C o n s titu tio n to th e e x te n t th a t is n e ce ssa ry to accom plish th e follow in g p u rp o se s, and no o th e r pow ers. •'To p e rm it the G eneral Assembly and the governing bodies o f th e s e v e ra l c o u n tie s , c i t i e s and towns to a p p ro p ria te funds fo r educational purposes which may bo ex pended in fu rth e ra n c e o f elem entary, secondary, c o lle g ia te and graduate edudation �of Virginia students in public and neuco-cterian private schools and institutions of learning in addition to those owned cr exclusively controlled by the State or any such county, city or town. "The Act a lso p ro v id es th a t the le g a l e f f e c t of a m a jo rity v o te fo r a convention w i l l be th a t th e people w i l l d e le g a te to i t only the fo reg o in g powers, except t h a t the convention w i l l be empowered to o rd a in and p ro claim sa id re v is io n s and amendments adopted >y i t w ith in th3 scope o f s a id powers w ithout su b m ittin g same to th e e le c to r s fo r a p p ro v al, b u t the convention w i l l not have the power to e i t h e r c o n sid e r, adept o r propose any o th e r amendments o r r e v is io n s 0 "In the light of the foregoing information tho question to be voted on is as follows: Shall there be a Convention toiovise the Constitution end amend the same? _____ For the Convention _____ - Against the Convention CONSTITUTIONALITY OF TUITION GRANT PROGRAM Tuition grant programs for various purposes have existed for some time, notably under the GI Federal program. However, the courts have repeatedly rulod that the states may not do indirectly what they may not do directly; it was on this basis that the white primary ani restrictive real estate covenants were outlawed. This appears to extend to the use of public buildings; the Federal Court has ruled that Virginia may not lease its parks for segregated use. Schools accepting tuition grants may have to operate on a non-segregated basis inasmuch as it has already been ruled that a library which received state funds be required to admit Negroes, The constitutionality of the tuition grant plan will undoubtedly be tested in the courts if it is enacted and only the Supreme Court of the United States can make a final decision, PROPOSED PROCEDURE FOR AMENDING THE CONSTITUTION 1, Referendum (Jan, 9) on whether to hold a constitutional convention. This referendum will be decided by a majority of the state vote. Each voter counts e qually„ 2, Election of delegates (if referendum passes). There would probably be one delegate for Arlington and one for each other state senatorial district. In many areas there would probably be only one candidate„ 3, Constitution would be amended by majority vote of the delegates to the con stitutional convention. The voters would not have any opportunity to vote on the amendment. It would go into effect by proclamation, SPECIAL SESSION OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY, NOVEMBER 30 - DECEMBER 3, 1955 This session was called to provide for a referendum on calling a Constitutional Convention, The session lasted four days, two of which ’ .-.avotspent in public head ings and two in legislative debate. �- 6- The p erso n s who appeared a t th e h e a rin g s W re about e q u a lly d iv id e d betw een thoso 6 were f o r snd th o se who were a g a in s t the referendum . 1*0 The b i l l c a l l in g fo r the referendum p a sse d the House 93 to 5 and th e Senate 38 to 1 . S ev eral amendments were o ffe re d and d e fe a te d . One p ro v id ed th a t th e f i n a l amendment to th e C o n s titu tio n be subm itted to th e p e o p le . A nother would have s p e c if i c a l ly exempted S e c tio n 129 from th e C onvention's a u th o r ity . Another would have p e rm itte d t u i t i o n g ra n ts only in l o c a l i t i e s which m ain tain ed p u b lic sc h o o ls. The Richmond-Times said ! " . . t h e s p e c ia l se ss io n p ro b a b ly w i l l c o st the tax p ay ers som ething c lo se to $100,000. Members a re e n t i t l e d to a minimum of 30 day s' pay a t $18 p e r day, o r $640, even i f the se ss io n l a s t s only two o r th re e d ay s. O ther omponsas f o r t r a v e l c o s t s , p r i n ti n g , c le r k s , ste n o g rap h e rs, pages and s im ila r p e rs o n n e l, w i l l r u n u p the t o t a l , " T his i s only p a r t of th e f i n a l b i l l . Thero w i l l a ls o be th e c o st o f two e le c tio n s , the c o st o f the C o n s titu tio n a l Convention i t s e l f , and f i n a l l y one or two m eetings o f th e G eneral Assembly (one m ight dove t a i l w ith th e re g u la r s e s s io n ). H WM O UCH WILL THE TUITION GRANT FLAN COST US? ARE W WILLING TO SIGN THIS BLANK E CHECK? Any o stim a te o f th e d o lla r c o st o f th e Gray recommendations, e i t h e r l o c a l ly or sta te w id e , would be guessw ork. Commission spokesmen have been quoted as saying t h a t i t i s "im possible now to c a lc u la te " . 1„ A g re a t d e a l h in g es on what laws a re a c tu a lly passed a t the next se ss io n of tho General Assembly to implement th o se p ro p o sa ls ( i f th e amendment i s a d o p te d )e 2a W have no id ea how many p u p ils in the s t a t e w i l l re q u e st t u i t i o n g rants,, o So W do not know what e f f e c t th ese new law s, i f p a sso d , w i l l have on F ed eral e a s s is ta n c e to edudatlon in V ir g in ia . This amounted to $16 m illio n in 1955-54, o r alm ost 9$ of the t o t a l . $65 m illio n came from s t a t e funds and $104 m illio n from l o c a l fu n d s. There a re tremendous problem s involved in budget-m aking when the number of p u p ils who w i l l re q u e st t u i t i o n g ra n ts i s not known and when th ero i s th e n e c e s s ity o f c u ttin g back o r a d ju s tin g budgots q u ic k ly a s the number of p u p ils f l u c t u a t e s C o m m e n t a t o r s have p o in te d out t h a t , sin c e i n t e r e s t and re tire m e n t on debt f o r new b u ild in g s a re fix e d o b lig a tio n s , the c u ts , in ordor to avoid in c re a s in g th e t o t a l school budget., would hav© to be load© in such item s as s a l a r i e s , number o f te a c h e rs employed;, m aintenance, e tc . These q u e stio n s a r is e im m ediately; I f a lo c a l school budget is inadequate to cover th e p u b lic school o p e ra tio n s p lu s the t u i t i o n g ra n ts , how would th e school board g et th e money to make up i t s h a lf of th e se ’’a d d itio n a l c o s ts " mentioned in the Gray P.eport? How w i l l the s t a t e e stim a te the anount i t needs to budgot f o r t h i s " a d d itio n a l c o st"? . W have so fa r seen no a tte m p ts to make any e stim a te s o f the l i k e l y magnitude e of t h i s p a r t of th e program . The s ta to g ra n ts mad© in -954-54 to seven c o u n tie s which have sa id th ey vould coass o p e ra tin g t h e i r p u b lic schools averaged $91 p e r p u p il, which i s c o n sid e ra b ly h ig h er th an the average f o r the s t a te as a w hole, ($ 7 4 ), What s o rt o f sc h o o lin g can bo bought fo r $91? I f th ese seven c o u n tie s use t h e i r ta x -le v y in g a u th o r ity to rCidse t h i s g ra n t to th e "o p e ra tin g c o s t p e r p u p il" , the h ig h e s t o p e ra tin g c o s t among th e se c o u n tie s , $191, s t i l l seems inadequate to buy good p r iv a te sch o o lin g . The Gray P.eport does not m ention any sta n d ard s th a t would be s e t up to govern the q u a li t y of e d u ca tio n �in p r iv a te sc h o o ls, and i t s p e c if i c a l ly su g g ests th a t th e p re s e n t ru le of an l@Q~day school y ear ( i n o rd e r to "be e l i g i b l e fo r s t a te g ra n ts ) he relaxed* A t th e p re s e n t tim e th ere a re 46 p r iv a te schools in V irg in ia lic e n s e d by tho S ta te Board o f E d u catio n , At l e a s t h a lf o f theso a re se c ta ria n * The fo llo w in g ta b le s give th e fig u re s on what i s being spent now in N orthern V irg in ia and i n seven c o u n tie s o f V irg in ia which have sa id th a t th ey would cease o p e ra tin g t h e i r p u b lic schools i f the c o u rts o rd e r them to in te g ra te ,, NUM BER OF PUPILS AND COST OF OPERATION IN 7 SOUTH VIRGINIA COUNTIES AND 4 NORTHERN VIRGINIA URBAN-SUBURBAN COMMUNITIES - 1954- 54 Cost of Opera t io n P er P u p il Number of p u p ils in Average D a ily A ttendance in A. D. A. Negro T o ta l L o c a lity White Amelia Hanover James C ity Nottoway Powhatan P rin c e Edward Sussex 803 2,925 280 1,851 596 1,297 922 922 I* 443 1,562 521 1,541 1.70S 1,725 4,058 5C3 3,413 1,117 _2,233 2.631 7 C ounties 8,674 8 ,0 2 0 16,694 170 At , 17(445 21s697 8,450 1.457 1.064 1,548 1.323 13.509 23,345 9,753 1.457 316 223 250 267 340,571 94,128 434,669 A rlin g to n F a irfa x A lex an d ria F a l ls Church Vi r g i n i a 222 $169 155 173 162 191 189 153 177 Med, RECEIPTS BY LOCAL SCHOOL SYSTEMS - 1953-54 In c lu d in g o p e ra tin g c o s ts and c a p i t a l o u tla y and debt se rv ic e L o c a lity C ity ________________________ County______________________________ S ta te Amelia Hanover James C ity Nottoway Powhatan P rin c e Edward Sussex $ 7 Counties 121,250 333,607 132,211 289,244 1 1 1 ,0 0 0 361,014 169.922 $ 164,749 384,638 100,754 280,376 112,553 274,553 204,355 $ 3,035 7,745 15,658 56,180 5,739 8,852 5.009 F e d e ra l_ $ Total* 293,559 758,885 253,498 700,180 237,578 608,140 390,027 $1,418,258 $1,532,117 $100,219 $3,239,867 A rlin g to n F a irfa x A lexan dria F a l ls Church $5,159,106 3,932,413 1,940,394 336.429 $1,080,606 1,468,128 288,975 36.994 V irg in ia $62,835,938 $1,088,606 1 284,172 494,862 71.372 $45,372,167 $12,751,941 14,971,458 2,756,322 461.071 $139,481,628 $9,913,601 * T o ta l r e c e ip ts include a sm all amount- o f funds from o th e r sources p lu s r e c e ip ts from lo an s and bonds* In some com m unities. the l o c a l i t y i s spending r e l a t i v e l y la rg e amounts through lo an s and bondsn �-8 - LAST MINUTE STATISTICS PROM THE SCHOOL BOARD In 1954 — 55 th e a c tu a l p e r p u p il e x p en d itu re in A rlin g to n was $340,38, Of t h i s the l o c a l i t y fu rn ish e d $242,05, th e s t a te $51,18, and the F e d e ra l government, $47,15,. I t i s e stim a te d t h a t in 1955-56 th e p e r p u p il e x p en d itu re w ill he $370,68 o f which A rlin g to n w i l l pro.vido $275,49, the s t a te $59,43 and th e F e d e ral government $35,76, There a re 20,050 w hite stu d e n ts in A rlin g to n and 1,313 N egroes, Most o f th e Negro s tu d e n ts l iv e in the d i s t r i c t s around th e p re s e n t Negro sc h o o ls. There a re approx im ately 60 elem entary and 1 0 0 ju n io r and se n io r high school stu d e n ts who liv e in th e a re a s n e ar w hite sc h o o ls, W O M VOTE IN JANUARY 9 REFERENDUM? H AY 1, A ll v o te rs q u a lif ie d ( r e g i s te r e d and p o l l tax e s p a id up) in November, 1955 may r o t e on Jan u ary 9, 1956, 2, Now v o te rs may q u a lify by paying p o l l tax e s fo r 1953, 1954, and 1955, ( P o ll ta x b i l l s fo r 1955 were in clu d e d in s t a te ta x b i l l s a lre a d y re ce iv e d and due on December 5 ,) « 3, Exempt from p o l l ta x e s a re : a . M ilita ry p e rso n n el in a c tiv e s e rv ic e , b . R e sid en ts who moved to V irg in ia a f t e r Jan u ary 1, 1955, c . R esid en ts becoming 21 between December 12, 1955 and Ja n u a ry 9, 1956, 4, R e g is te r in p erso n by Ja n u a ry 2, 1956 a t the R e g is tr a r ’ s O ffic e , Investm ent B u ild in g , 2049 15th S t, N ., o p p o site the n o rth wing o f the C ourthouse, Hours a re 8:30 - 5:00 Monday through F rid a y , S p e c ia l hours w i l l be 7*00 - 9:00 P.M. December 15 and 22, 1955, 5, A bsentee B a llo ts - You must apply fo r an ab sen tee b a l l o t not le s s th an th ro e days b e fo re the e le c tio n . A p p lic a tio n s may be o b tain e d from the r e g i s t r a r — Room 101, Investm ent B u ild in g - in person or by m a il 0 �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource RG 18: Personal Papers of Barbara Marx Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource League of Women Voters, Arlington County Virginia, Bulletin, December 1955 Description An account of the resource "Supplemental Fact Sheet" concerning the Gray Report and the January 9th Referendum. 9 Pages Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived RG 18, Personal Papers of Barbara Marx Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource League of Women Voters, Arlington County Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1950s Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This image is subject to copyright. Unauthorized use of the images in the Local History Collections of the Arlington Community Archives is prohibited. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 18_2_3_10_21 https://projectdaps.org/files/original/242a7a4f47f520ee8e919badaebf2f26.pdf 1f263bf5d5e11292edd9b0bfc642b7e7 PDF Text Text Letter to C h ristm as the Editor The W a s h i n g t o n P o s t - S u n . D e c . l i t S to ry " The A n g e l s s a n g , t h e s h e p h e r d s s a n g , " a n d t h r e e f e l l o w - t r a v ­ e l i n g K i n g s f r o m t h e E a s t r e c o g n i z e d t h e t r u t h t h a t t h e P e a c e o f Go on e a r t h l a y i n t h e c o n c e r n o f H i s f a m i l y f o r o n e a n o t h e r , w h i l e H e r o d , t h e r u l e r o f t h e r e g i o n c h o s e n b y God f o r h i s v i s i t a t i o n , un w i l l i n g t o l e t God g e t a f o o t h o l d i n h i s d o m i n i o n , s o u g h t w a y s a n d m eans t o c i r c u m v e n t t h e im p a c t o f a l i t t l e c h i l d s e t i n t h e m id s t o f them . Some 3 0 y e a r s l a t e r , i n t h e c a p i t a l c i t y , b y a c t e d p a r a b l e , God made H i s v i s i t a t i o n i n t e r m s t h a t t h e p e o p l e c o u l d u n d e r s t a n d . . . a f o r e r u n n e r o f th e S a n ta C laus p a r a d e . Camel b e l l s t i n k l e d , crow ds i n t h e m a rk e t p l a c e s h o u te d y u l e - t i d e g r e e t i n g s , and t o s s e d t h e i r g a r l a n d s o f g r e e n s i n t h e p a t h o f Him who p r o c l a i m e d t h e way o f G o d ' s p e a c e on e a r t h . . . w h i l e t h e b o y s i n t h e b a c k r o o m . . . , t h e High C o u r t J u d g e s , t h e C h i e f P r i e s t s , e v e n t h e G o v e rn o r . . . a n i c e man nam ed P o n t i u s P i l a t e . . . d e v i s e d a way a r o u n d t h e l a w o f G o d . . . t o l i q u i d a t e t h e b e a r e r o f t h e m e s sa g e , l e t t h e c h i p s f a l l w here th ey m ig h t! The C h r i s t m a s l i g h t s a r e t w i n k l i n g now i n t h e c a p i t a l o f o u r O l d b o m i n i o n ; a b e l o v e d l a n d w h o s e s p i r i t i s d e s c r i b e d on i t s s h i e l d a s " S ic Sem per T y r a n n i s " ! A l a n d p r e a c h e d f a r and w ide a s t h e c r a d l e o f d e m o c r a c y ; w h o s e s o n s - P a t r i c k H e n r y , G e o r g e i-iason, Edmund P e n d l e t o n , G e o r g e W y th e , W a s h i n g t o n a n u J e f f e r s o n - a r e p u b ­ l i c i z e d by t h e ' V o ic e o f A m erica and t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s I n f o r m a t i o n S e r v i c e t h r o u g h o u t t h e w o r l d t o g i v e c o m f o r t t o t h o s e men who s t i l l b e li e v e in l i b e r t y and j u s t i c e f o r a l l . V i r g i n ia has been chosen b y God f o r h i s v i s i t a t i o n . The g a r l a n d s o f g r e e n a r e h u n g now i n R i c h m o n d , b e l l s t i n ­ k l e on t h e s t r e e t s ; A d v e n t s h o p p e r s , g i f t l a d e n a n d j o y o u s , s i n g " Come A l o n g E x p e c t e d J e s u s ! " And he w i l l com e, a s h e d o e s e t e r n a l l y . But t h e boys i n t h e b a c k room a r e r e a d y f o r Him. The c o m m i s s i o n e r s , t h e j u d g e s , t h e c h i e f p r i e s t s . . . t h e pow ers t h a t b e . . . even t h e G o v e r n o r .. . h a v e f o u n d a way t o c i r c u m v e n t t h e t r u t h w h i c h God t h e F a t h e r e t e r n a l l y p r o c l a i m s o f P e a c e on E a r t h , Good W i l l T o w a rd s Men! God r e s t y e , M e r r y G e n t l e m e n ! Rev. J .L .B .W i ll i a m s . M illw o o d , Va. v-, v —.-# j N o te - R ev .M illw o o d i s a n a t i v e V i r g i n i a . T h is C h ristm as S t o r y i s w o r t h p e r u s i n g d u r i n g t h e s e a s o n o f C h r i s t m a s . On J a n u a r y 9 t h w i l l you v o te t o s u s t a i n t h e r e p u t a t i o n o f o u r S t a t e o r w i l l y o u c a s t y o u r b a l l o t a s t h e c h i e f p r i e s t s and P i l a t e d i d and c r u c i f y t h e i d e a l s o f b r o t h e r h o o d a s e s p o u s e d by y o u r C h rist? S igned, E .B .H e n d e rso n F a l l s C h u r c h , V a. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource RG 18: Personal Papers of Barbara Marx Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Letter to the Editor, The Washington Post, Sunday, December 11, Christmas Story Description An account of the resource A "Christmas Story" written by Rev. J.L.B. Williams of Millwood, Virginia. Creates an analogy between the birth and crucifixion of Christ and the Nov. 9th vote for a constitutional convention. Submitted to the paper by E.B. Henderson of Falls Church, VA Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived RG 18, Personal Papers of Barbara Marx Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource E. B. Henderson Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1950s Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This image is subject to copyright. Unauthorized use of the images in the Local History Collections of the Arlington Community Archives is prohibited. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 18_2_3_10_20 https://projectdaps.org/files/original/822922032dfa3529f75cdafb8131684a.pdf 4a486273ee7a95fe2db268d81dbd3f16 PDF Text Text r \ *\ - '\ Public Funds and Private Schools^ Your paper is generally sec­ ond to none in supporting the cause of personal rights and in­ dividual freedom against any overly bold Government activ­ ity. If was, therefore, especially disappointing to read in the final paragraph of the editorial, “Public Funds, Public Schools,” of Nov. 8 that, overzealous for a particular cause, you unwit­ tingly espouse the doctrine of statism in the all-important field of education. At the outset, it must be made perfectly clear that this letter discusses the principle in­ volved “completely apart from the racial application,” to use your own phrase. This principle also merits a fair hearing com­ pletely apart from the religious issue, which you unnecessarily introduced into your editorial, but which only obfuscates the matter, although it may win some extra support for your own position. Stripped of these extraneous and explosive questions, the basic principle is simply this: the natural right of parents to educate their children in schqols of their own choice. The relevant facts are these: the freedom to enjoy this right is for thousands neither real nor meaningful because of the co­ ercive power of the purse which permits the state virtually to force on them the one Govern­ ment-sponsored system of in­ struction. Anyone who has attended education meetings, consulted anxious parents and read cur­ rent writing must be painfully aware that there is much dis­ satisfaction with this system which is unrelated to race or religion. Thousands of these parents would gladly enroll their children in other schools if the Government would only relax the present financial pen­ alty which attaches to such ac­ tion. In 1819 John Marshall wrote that “the power to tax involves the power to destroy.” In 1955 this greatly aggrandized power, reenforced by the power to sub­ sidize only what it wills, has actually given the Government power to destroy the freedom of millions in the supremely important field of education. You may well believe that all children ought to be educated in the one common system, but millions of Americans do not share this conviction. It seems more in character for a great liberal newspaper to plead for measures that would extend to these people some meaningful freedom in implementing their own persuasion rather than to support a philosophy that forces on them an unwanted system either for the sake of the sys­ tem itself or because some ide­ ologists deem it best for their welfare. The Government school may indeed be the superior institu­ tion, but unless the latter-day liberals have abandoned a basic democratic principle of faith in the people, “the best te s t. . . is the power to get itself accepted in the competition of the mar­ ket." W. R. MOSES. Washington. c+J I note your very excellent editorial of Nov. 21, “Taxes for Private Schools,” on the ques­ tion of allocating part of our tax money for the benefit of church or other private schools. Your editorial was based on the constitutional prohibition of any union of church and state, but there was in it some­ thing that occurred to me es­ pecially in reading what had been stated in the papers of the stand taken by clerical officials. These people seem to have overlooked the fact that in the United States of America, free education is ‘provided through our schools to all children with­ out respect to their religious beliefs. Children of Protestants, Catholics, Jews and any other religion are at liberty to attend the free public schools of the United States and in so doing there will be no distinction be­ tween the treatment of children based on any religious beliefs. There is no reason apparent for the necessity of special private schools, whether religious or otherwise, in order for a child '• 15 5 to be educated at least through high school. If any person wishes to estab­ lish a private school he is at liberty to do so and his curric­ ulum will be a matfbr of his own choice and the ability fi­ nancially of the parents of such children to pay for their tuition. I can, therefore, see no rea­ son why any part of our taxes should be allotted for the bene­ fit of any private school. L. N. GILLIS. Alexandria. May it never occur that our American educational system should deny the freedom of a Catholic parent to send his child to any school he may desire. For this freedom we will firmly stand, but when any church demands Government funds for its own sectarian educational program, it is stepping over the line and becomes in spirit and in prac­ tice, un-American. The day the Government finances private or parochial schools by grants to pupils, that day will sound the doom of our American public school system. Let us, both Protestant and Catholic, rejoice in our American freedom and help to strengthen rather than breach the wall or separation between church and state. EDWARD O. pLARK, D. D. Washington. C 4~» If anyone thinks that the bishops will stop at securing bus transportation, etc., for parochial schools they should read what Paul L. Blakely, S. J., has to say in a pamphlet entitled “May an American Oppose the Public School?” I quote: “Our first duty to the public school is not to pay taxes for its maintenance. We pay that tax under protest . . . The first duty for every Catho­ lic father to the public school is to keep his children out of it." No man has the right to weaken or destroy the public school system. M. C. HALL JR. Arlington. i \ � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource RG 18: Personal Papers of Barbara Marx Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Public Funds and Private Schools, November 29, 1955 Description An account of the resource Letters to the Editor of an unknown paper supporting the voucher component of the Gray Commission in response to the editorial "Public Funds, Public Schools". Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived RG 18, Personal Papers of Barbara Marx Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various authors Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1950s Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This image is subject to copyright. Unauthorized use of the images in the Local History Collections of the Arlington Community Archives is prohibited. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 18_2_3_10_19 https://projectdaps.org/files/original/54617c28228debacfb4c2eb0d833005b.pdf 46e6ec46d5019a39b842e0d0ea1514a3 PDF Text Text . V irg in ia A ffa irs .. 5 Some Salient Q’s, But Whence the A’s B y B enjam in Muse T H E GRAY COMMISSION’S subsidized p riv ate school p lan fo r circum venting the S uprem e C ou rt ru lin g ag a in st segregation in p ublic schools is n o t in fa c t a plan. I t’s only an idea. T h e Com mission’s rep o rt leaves unansw ered a dozen questions, some of which m u st be answ ered before even those who a re willing to go to g re a t lengths to p reserve segregation can vote inte llig en tly o n the question of holding a con­ stitu tio n al convention to . p rep a re the w ay fo r th e thing. M use T here is no indication th a t • th e Gray Com mission intends to answ er the - questions o r supply f u rth e r details. There is no evidence, in fact, th a t it has actually devel­ o ped a plan. H ere a re some of the questions th a t call fo r answ ers: J • W hat assurance have we th a t p rivate . schools w ould sp ring up in the n e a r futurie ; w ith sufficien t capacity to accom m odate any ap p reciab le fraction of V irginia’s 700,000 pu b ­ lic school pupils? . • Who w ould operate the private schools, I *nd who w ould com plete th e ir financing? The c o ntem plated tu ition g ran ts w ould no t be •ufficient to enable p riv ate schools to operate a t a profit. • How is i t proposed to m ake su re th a t - m oney p a id to parents as tu ition g ran ts fo r ; th e ir ch ild ren w ould in all cases be paid to ‘ private-schools? • W here w ould buildings be found fo r a ’ la rg e n u m b er of new private schools? T he m a tte r o f leasing public school buildings to p riv a te school operators has, of course, been considered, b u t th e G ray Commission has no t rev ealed w h e th e r o r n o t it has this in m ind. If th e Com mission has such a plan, it should be b ro u g h t out before the discussion goes any fu rth e r. FROM THE STANDPOINT of state law, this w rite r obtained in May, 1954,'th e following opinion from A ttorney G eneral J . Lindsay ' Alm ond Jr.: “I t is m y opinion th a t Sections 22164.1 and S2-164.2 of th e Code of V irginia perm it the } w local school boards to lease school buildings to p riv ate organizations if it will no t im pair the ■efficiency of th e school system in the county, i. e., if th e school buildings to be leased are n o t needed to take care of those persons in th e school division desirin g to atte n d public schools. “I fee l th at, u n d er any statu to ry provisions, th e local school boards could no t lease a school b u ilding to a p riv ate organization if the buildings w as n eeded fo r public school p u r­ poses, and th e ch ild ren desiring to atten d public schools w ould no t all be properly accom odated ‘if th e school w ere leased -to a p riv a te organization. To p erm it th e leasing o f school buildings w hen they are needed fo r public school purposes w ould ‘req u ire several am endm ents to A rticle IX o f the C onstitution of V irginia.” W HAT SYSTEM is contem plated fo r ascer­ tain in g w h eth er p riv ate schools m eet accept­ able standards and are p ro p er recipients of tuition paym ents from persons receiving tu itio n grants? W ould tu itio n g ran ts "be available to pupils of racially in teg rated private schools? There is a t least one such school in V irginia, in addition to th e Catholic parochial schools— B urgundy Farm s in A lexandria. I t is also probable th at, in a reas w here public schools m ig h t be closed, a few w hite pupils, fo r convenience o r fo r o th er reasons, m ight w an t to atte n d predom inantly Negro p riv ate schools. ‘ How is th e “n o n sectarian ” sta tu s of private schools to be defined and determ ined? M any p riv ate schools would w ant to have some form of religious services or instructions, and m any p a ren ts would desire these fea tu re s for th e ir children. To w hat e x te n t would th is be perm issable u n d er the classification "nonsectarian ?” How does th e Gray Com mission square the tuition g ran t plan w ith Section 129 of the C onstitution of V irginia, which reads: “The G eneral Assembly shall establish and m aintain an efficient system of free public , schools thro u g h o u t th e sta te ? ” The Com mission’s re p o rt refe rs to “those localities w herein no public schools are operated,” and its proposal is largely p red ­ icated on abandonm ent of the public school system in m any localities. I � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource RG 18: Personal Papers of Barbara Marx Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource News clipping - Virginia Affairs Description An account of the resource News clipping, written by Benjamin Muse titled "Some Salient Q's, but Whence the A's?", dated November 27, 1955, regarding the voucher program recommended by the Gray Commission Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived RG 18, Personal Papers of Barbara Marx Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Benjamin Muse, Unknown Paper Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1950s Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This image is subject to copyright. Unauthorized use of the images in the Local History Collections of the Arlington Community Archives is prohibited. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 18_2_3_10_18 https://projectdaps.org/files/original/59744ddc54d863f0f056ca9c2f71189d.pdf f7267866becd287ec430a3dd34b8283e PDF Text Text M i l L k i i W i L i .j j ,i \Q s u t 'H n o WffjWp'KVKHia H w iy ARUNGTOfl, VA. 444444*444444+.^4+44A4.4*4**.l-4444.4.|-4444.4.M>44**4 TENTH DISTRICT RESIDENTS! ACT N0W-BEFORE IT IS TOO LATE! The spokesmen for many radical organizations in the Tenth Congressional District went before the Gov­ ernor’s Commission on Public Education in Richmond , recently and pleaded for “local option,” in complying with the Supreme Court edict on integrated schools. This was done in the belief that, if this afea could be cut away from the rest of the State, their tightlyorganized groups could force integration upon us, even though the rest of Virginia found means to avoid it. It is possible the Governor’s Commission may grant their request, and allow "local option"—U N LESS Y O U ACT N O W ! IT IS OF T H E U TM O ST IM PO R TA N C E for you to let the Commission know these organizations did not speak for the vast majority of residents of the Tenth District, and that you want the State to act as a U N IT on the matter, and not to allow local option. W e therefore urge you to sign the attached state­ ment. and mail it to Senator Garland Gray, chairman of the Governor's Commission on Public Education: Senator Garland Gray, Chairman Governor's Commission on Public Education, State Capitol, Richmond, Virginia Dear Senator G ray: It has come to my attention that a number of spokes­ men for certain organized groups in the Tenth Con­ gressional District appeared before your Commission on last November 15, and urged that "local option” be granted each County to implement the Supreme Court decision on integration of Virginia schools as it might see fit. In my opinion these spokesmen did not speak for the vast majority of the residents of the Tenth District. They were. I believe, members of a tightly knit “lib­ eral” group who have infiltrated many of the school, civic and political organizations in this area, and are using them for their own questionable ends. They believe, that, if allowed “local option”, they can force integrated schools upon Arlington, Fairfax, Falls Church and Alexandria, even though the rest of Vir­ ginia should find some method to avoid it. Since some School Board members state that the Negro schools of the Tenth District are now better, both in plant and personnel, than the white schools, it is apparent that those seeking to integrate our schools are interested in the mixing of the races, rather than the improvement of educational opportunities for our Negro residents. Some members of your Commission may feel local option would affect only the Tenth Congressional Dis­ trict. It is true it might at first—but it is equally true that, as soon as integration had been accomplished there, these same agitators would begin infiltrating other counties, and soon the infection would be crop­ ping up in other places throughout the State. I urge, therefore, that. Virginia act as a U N IT in regard to the Supreme Court decision, and not allow local option. Respectfully yours, Name .... Address 1 1 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource RG 18: Personal Papers of Barbara Marx Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Tenth District Residents! Act Now - Before It Is Too Late Description An account of the resource Flyer with mailing template to contact the Governor's Commission to act against a "local option" regarding desegregation Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived RG 18, Personal Papers of Barbara Marx Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Unknown Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1950s Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This image is subject to copyright. Unauthorized use of the images in the Local History Collections of the Arlington Community Archives is prohibited. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 18_2_3_10_17 https://projectdaps.org/files/original/ad39871b4bb0c094e1cb53e60db53ecb.pdf 56aaf0f7fb10b6708191393f210b4c28 PDF Text Text j I An S clio o b ' y ; •Session Call Jj O p p o sed b y Sj M rs. Ston e _ » 1 ----- tv —- a I . K athryn H. Stone. A rlington a delegate to the Virginia Gener- al Assembly, M id y e s te r d a y s h e I w a s o p p o se d to callin" a r nn 1 /stitu u o n al Con* a Con‘ * “n tio - • — a m en d "the < btatc C onstitu- : flion to perm * it jspending of jpublicfunds on . tuition grants: I fo r p upils to a t- : ■ end private t s c h o o ls. j s u 'h 'a p t a ," « 2 ij (Suggested in i*,rs- Stone I /|/!e 9"a> Commission report on| ‘ /Vj.gmja school segregation ft!!?1 „!c,carl>' ytoiate Section ** I,1- 9 of ‘he Constitution relating 'anecr ot V1ShmCwc ,a nthroughout' v „ ^ free schools d “ dintontne state. Mrs. Stone said. I t.nt be. . af ded ‘hat she would,' tote against any such nlan ini the Special Assembly. ' I ••iuakeshjft private schools without adequate buildings and equipment, and without any set of controlling standards would! indeed produce a generation of illite r a te s and wipe out decades iS,rcT C S “ ' S,on,! / “I am sure that the Federal j C o u rts r e a lize th a t th e im p le ­ m e n ta tio n o f the Supreme / C o u r t s decision on de-segrega- tion will require much more K f r A S° mC ,< a,ities than in • K * sa,d- “The efforts ue,. 1 ,ot t.jo General Assembly will . ^issjuiuioo ° - “ er spent on working out 1 ^ e ‘ijat.uuoj | ff?5!ire, -''‘•ps. however! . oieis small lCG.i-ng towards compll.,0 . -aoj jo aouSap uje^ .once. J3-o w d ^noMeode i r -c.ii jno ljodar am P/!Pn)S ,ou p . , ) ! , , , ™ , 3’ ' .(iqiuossv lejauoD Olif'oi nt?s oioa uoj^ujfay 'auois u&nnev u j o j j otueo luommoa jejm n s ^ i« ° r ov „ 0„ o S ? p p 03 “ •* uodoi Pin i i„ jo » » , w s s r / s ! 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Uf o J u i'q o P ) s „ d 0 J do q iq iOAoqoqI - /• -a— ao o j pojO[03 1U0UI00UBA o oAoqoq fd jo ; o JUOUIOOUBA JOu Op AJl(J P.IBS c .a.— .o.'I-DV am JOJ UOI1BJOOSSV [BU0I1 niB» s.loiB[SjdO(j-PV' 31(1 inr imnw...__ /•"’ oj oqj 'oui;| o u ib s o q i ) v • - i» * “ ‘‘1 ’ 3 11 j o o ou o joju om biui’ s .o j q o s o q q n d o q i ui o j b j;,j IA o q i j o lu o p iso s d ' q o j n i n s ( H*»u • - - .- j— •A'lieiucd iSBJf n ,i ::IlcJ JO uowopuoH (f "I u rr Ju!;:w tO.UJd J[[.H SUOJIBpUOUIUlOOOJj •lU JA Jjd J/r.il SUDliBUUOUIimiml U loqi JOJ jq i pips i-iuijj.’.v tiJoiso.il S!1S' ot! " ooo.tuc) siu b js uoji L 0 u io j; uoiss'jiuuioo A ’j g oqi ‘!n > 5 '!* ° -lB Puc sjooqos oi[ ;o s j iq u u iu jn o ; itq ) popiod 11° onujjuoo pino.vi o jj ■oj i . j j j . p om posity oqx ’UB.iouoa Pies ..‘.(.loiduiiuijo •ptBj oq ,.‘3u!|oo; -s|p„ ojb uio)s.(s jooqos ouqnd •pj«i oq „'o8«n3u»( jol-ouoa 'M 'V uqor -uos opus punoj3-o|pp;ui li’ojS siuosojiiojjou i t oioqi jo iu3 j « qons loi v quo) iqSnojq pub pjiqKuojJ oiuuo quossip loqiouy b jjfldoJ oqi p o ; j •stseq qidoui sisonboi (idail oqi ojoq.n so sw 3uo[ pojoqs[ OAeq .ioqx,,; pus ’to n u s f ujaoqjo -suorispuouiuioooj oqi ui ..osi'oqei sioquioui pspop •ol-qiuuui B uo P u ip jo d o o Jo.nP qpotis ui s itd n a o i Xjuo sjutuSj •ItlnT/f iia«... «— ' 4w •u | s p o q o s j q i 'o i e i s j q i j o s u o i p o s 'l u o j i j n j o.i;3 o j s|i'so d o i^ io jd q o n u i o o i i.u o p j , p , Cs °q-'v -tju n o o .... w jits j jo•u sa [ Jliuj m ouj— AVT19 ss«r' » J>qw 0\' Uojjuojv M OX G I V UjIH S 3 I U 1 puo .1.90(1 KO.T.OSIIHSVAS. 3 H I � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource RG 18: Personal Papers of Barbara Marx Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Three News Clippings Description An account of the resource Three news clippings: "Assembly Setting Up Machinery For Vote on Constitution Study"; "Session Call Opposed by Mrs. Stone"; "Gray Report Reactions Vary" Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived RG 18, Personal Papers of Barbara Marx Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource "Gray Report.." Washington Post and Times Herald; all else Unknown Authors and Papers; Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1950s Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This image is subject to copyright. Unauthorized use of the images in the Local History Collections of the Arlington Community Archives is prohibited. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 18_2_3_10_16 https://projectdaps.org/files/original/a97726f1920e723ea1819bf028dd3776.pdf 33be0ac9203d49c19072d7b9b0961549 PDF Text Text Gray Bill I Approved In Assembly Vote, 93-5 Similar Action On School Issue Expected Today In Virginia Senate Delegates Pass Gray Bill, 93-5 GRAY—From IPaye 1 By Robert E /B aker1 RICHM OND, Va., Dec. 2. The House o£ Delegates passed the Gray Commission bill today by an overwhelm­ ing 93 to 5 vote. Gov. Thomas B. Stanley im­ mediately called the Commis­ sion into a closed-door session I where a tentative date of Jan. ; 0 was set for the referendum f on the constitutional conven­ tion provided in the bill. Speedy and overwhelming ap­ proval is expected in the Senate when it meets a t 9 a. m. Satur­ day. The bill has been amend­ ed by the Senate Privileges and Elections Committee to provide for an adequate number of bal­ lots. Because of this minor and technical amendment, the ./bill • will be returned to the House for another vote after Senate approval. The Governor said he and the Commission members also dis­ cussed "an informative cam­ paign which must be carried on so voters will understand fullyj what they are voting for. The House vote, coming after; two days of debate, was a crush­ ing defeat for Northern Vir-j elnia delegates who came to the. initial session on Wednesday in; hope of gathering enough sup­ port to strike down the emer­ gency provision of the measure They would have needed 20: votes today to do th a t Only Delegate Stuart B. Car­ te r of Botetourt County joined, Armisted L. Boothe of Alex-j andria, Omer L. Hirst and John j C Webb of Fairfax and Kath-| ryn Stone of Arlington in op­ nosing the bill* The measure authorizes a referendum of tl» people with. RICHMOND, Va., Dec. 2 lit Attorney General J. Lindsay Almond Jr. ruled today those eligible to vote in aconstitutlonal convention referendum will be those who were eli­ gible to vote in the last Nov. S genera! elections—if Gov. Stanley calls the special elec­ tion by the end o: the year. • Amond said if Stanley calls the election between Dec. 31. J955, and June 12, 193$, qualilied voters will be those aualifled for the Nov. 3 voting. plus those who have paid their poll taxes not later than Dec. 12, 1935. i | , ■ j favored segregation in the pub- j lie schools, warned t h a t the tuition grant proposal might i be invalidated in the courts. | He said the state, by using. the public funds for private schools, would "clothe them 1 SC The opponents of the bill to help the other sections,twith the vestiges c i p u b l i c ; had hoped to kill the cmer..... ... J . _m m lo-hnnle ar>8 if a Xpcrrn applie s1 i schools, and if .1 Negro a n n lip gency clause so that the rcier- like the south side at one of these schools, you | endum would .b e . delayed JO will not be able to keep him I it.” He said the tuition program I time to study thtK progr . p ^ tion^i. he said, in would lead to the "degenera­ These opponents were optl KviUi mo would vote for tion of our public school sys-j when they came to announcing vote was taken they came _ Before the . mistic when Richmond this week, but their Hirst introduced an amendment. Mrs. Stone warned that Virt optimism waned quichlj. They which would prohibit payment ginia public schools, which had a had hoped to gatner support nf the state tuition grants to made great progress in recent lnfoMHUesl“ abolishing the years, "will not be strong abolishIng o£ 1 th e Shenanadoah Valley, where --'hi,V school system. It was jenough to withstand such biows. 1 publ.fmmht to make certain that as the tuition plan.’ the Negro population is lignt mtd probable impact oi mu-s‘J- an ns in the state would | She warned that northern fion slight, and from cities like all pupds m i a,(cnd Virginians would object to Roanoke and Suffolk. They also,have sp o o ls to him down being taxed to pay for _turnon . ’they will use every legal! gates Airs b y ■ and means to stop it.” Both she •■■■-1 and j noieeate George M.i'yv'-- , ; _ Airs. Stone aimimvanx a» »•-< > *.. * ,* ____ _...i Today, Rt-funton spoke for F a r I i o r, * _jy opposed Boothe i.r—H t.te Asxemnlv to. urged Assembly,o. >7 .ssisnm ant plan , tne valley. ___ „ . 1tlio h”I . __hc'nlonc. j t. e r stressing he (alone. “T .lS iV "" A CO f t p of whnfhpr Section 141 of State Constitution should oivTntfed bv a convention that *state funds may be used %,orlGWSC m om i«'sion f c S u t » >“ Voter Eligibility For Referendum be held in early January'-before the general assembly meets for its regular session on Janu­ ary 11. If the voters approve the calling of the constitutional convention, the Commission will introduce legislation in the Assembly to authorize state tuition grants to those children who object to attending in­ tegrated schools or who live In communities where p u b l i c schools arc abolished. Those children could use the grant to • attend private, non-sectarian schools. , i The commission also would * Introduce legislation to let local school boards use the i pupil assignment plan'for keep■ ing public schools as segroI gated as possible. The conimisi sion’s program is its answer to the United Stales Supreme Court's decision abolishing ra' cial s e g r e g a t i o n in public referendum wiU see GBOT. Page ls- C 1 o1* O ‘W V ftW ft . n -* * ;* > * ! •**»,/& * ■ pupil � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource RG 18: Personal Papers of Barbara Marx Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Two News Clippings Description An account of the resource Two news clippings: "Gray Bill Approved in Assembly Vote, 93-5" by Robert Baker; Public Hearing is Set on State Amendment Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived RG 18, Personal Papers of Barbara Marx Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Robert Baker; Unknown Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1950s Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This image is subject to copyright. Unauthorized use of the images in the Local History Collections of the Arlington Community Archives is prohibited. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 18_2_3_10_15 https://projectdaps.org/files/original/c71bb95c06d9a8e6baf138e4cc36983e.pdf 844cc90bdecfdbcc303fc16ab2e3c3db PDF Text Text DECEMBER I 9 5 5 PACT SHEET KIR VOTERS Iss u e d by C itiz e n s Committee f o r School Improvement C itiz e n s a re g iv in g c a re fu l c o n s id e ra tio n to th e C o n s titu tio n a l referendum o f Ja n u a ry 9 i n th e l i g h t o f th e Orgy C o m is sio n re p o rt. Ihe is s u e on Ja n u a ry 9 w ill n o t he i n te g r a tio n v e rsu s se g re g a tio n . I t w ill he the is s u e o f th e p re s e rv a tio n o r d e s tr u c tio n o f a sound system o f p u b lic e d u ca tio n in V irg in ia . I t i s f o r t h i s reaso n t h a t th o se who p e rs o n a lly fa v o r i n te g r a t i o n and th o se who p e rs o n a lly fa v o r s e g re g a tio n can f i n d common cause in v o tin g a g a in s t a C o n s titu tio n a l Convention whose purpose i s to remove the o n ly h a r to le g i s l a t l v e a c tio n which co u ld do th ese th in g s : 1. End Compulsory E ducation i n V ir g in ia : Ihe Governor o f V irg in ia has conceded p u b lic ly t h a t com pulsory e d u ca tio n i n V irg in ia would be ended by the s p i r i t o f th e Gray R eport because " th e re i s no o th e r c h o ic e ." 2. S everely Weaken P u b lic S chools: There w i l l be trem endous problem s i f we have to budget f o r a school y e a r Then th e number o f p o s s ib le t u i t i o n g ra n ts i s n o t known—th e n th e re i s th e n e c e s s ity o f c u tt i n g back o r a d ju s tin g budgets an th e number o f p u p ils f l u c t u a t e s . Ihe Gray Commission fo re s e e s th e c u rta ilm e n t of " tr a n s p o r ta tio n , c a f e t e r i a s , a t h l e t i c s and e x tr a c u r r i c u la r a c t i v i t i e s . " I t also recommends t h a t a n in e month school y e a r should no lo n g er be re q u ire d . 3 . In c re a se Our Taxes: The Gray Commission re co g n iz e s the f a c t t h a t th e use o f p u b lic funds f o r p r i v a t e sch o o ls w ill in c re a s e l o c a l c o s t s . I t a ls o re c o g ­ n iz e s th e f a c t t h a t 50 $ o f th e se " a d d itio n a l c o s ts " w ill be fu rn ish e d by th e S ta te . This w i l l n e c e s s a r ily mean a sharp in c re a s e i n our ta x e s o r a d r a s t i c lo w ering o f th e q u a li t y o f p u b lic school o f f e r in g s . U. I n te n s if y th e A lready A cute S hortage o f Good T eachers: The u n c e rta in ty t h a t w ill p r e v a i l throughout th e S ta te w i l l reduce th e a t t r a c t i o n t h a t A rlin g ­ to n ' s school system h a s f o r capable young te a c h e rs . As a r e s u l t , a lre a d y d i f f i c u l t re c ru itm e n t problem s w i l l be m u ltip lie d . There i s the a d d itio n a l pro­ blem th a t many good te a c h e rs may move to s t a t e s There s i t u a t i o n s a r e a 't uncertain. 5. Open the Door to Y ears o f E xpensive L i t i g a t i o n : The C ourts have re p e a te d ly ru le d th a t the s t a t e s may n o t do i n d ir e c t l y what they may n o t do d i r e c tl y . They have a lre a d y ru le d t h a t a l i b r a r y which re c e iv e d s t a t e funds be re q u ire d to adm it N egroes. Why should we vote f o r an expensive, cumbersome system which w i l l probably be d e c la re d u n c o n s titu tio n a l a f t e r much c o s tly l i t i g a t i o n ! 6 . B rin g About D ra s tic L e g is la tio n A gainst P u b lic E d u c a tio n : I f th e referendum p a sse s, th e G eneral Assembly c o u ld vote to use more S ta te e d u c a tio n a l funds f o r p r iv a te se g reg a ted sch o o ls. They need n o t fo llo w the recommendations o f th e Gray R eport and th e re i s no gu aran tee t h a t they w i l l. 7 . D estroy V irg in ia 1s S c h o la s tic S ta n d ard s: P ly -b y -n ig h t p rlv a to schools w ill s p r i r g up to absorb t u i t i o n g ra n t p u p ils . The S ta te w i l l have l i t t l e o r no c o n tr o l o ver t h e i r sta n d a rd s . Whore p u b lic sc h o o ls a re a b o lish e d (a s th e Gray R eport fo re s e e s) and p r iv a te s c h o o ls w ill n o t o r can not a c c e p t p u p ils f o r th e amount o f the t u i t i o n g ra n t (which i s in a d e q u a te ), where w i l l c h ild re n got C itiz e n s re co g n ize the d i f f i c u l t y o f the problem which fa c e s the S ta te o f V irg in ia , They a re eager to su p p o rt a compromise p la n which w i l l s a t i s f y S outhsi ic.e V irg in ia and s t i l l lea v e our p u b lic sch o o ls i n t a c t . Die Gray P la n f a l l s f a r s h r i t o f t h is r e q u e s t. I t does n o t in te n d to lea v e our p u b lic sch o o ls i n t a c t . The Supreme Court haB given us tim e to reach t h i s compromise. The p re s e n t "sug g estio n " o f a p la n made by th e Gray R eport w ith i t s many ra m ific a tio n s c a l l s f o r an immediate referendum . This referendum comes upon th e c it i z o n s be fo re they have had an o p p o rtu n ity to reason through i t s many im p lic a tio n s . Ihe R eport and i w su p p o rte rs c a n 't answer th e nany se rio u s q u e stio n s i m p lic it i n i t s n a tu re . They can only a d n it th a t they have not found th e " f i n a l answ er." Many C itiz e n s ARE SURE, W HATEVER THE ANSWER, IT MUST NOT THREATEN PUBLIC SCHOOL? >: t Bumper S tr ip e — "SAVE OUR SCHOOLS" "NO ON THE 9TH* a**6 a v a ila b le , c a l l Laurence S Xrvppen. Chairman. C itiz e n s Committee f o r School Irprovement-Ofc.^— j, 776 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource RG 18: Personal Papers of Barbara Marx Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Fact Sheet for Voters, December 1955, Issued by Citizens Committee for School Improvement Description An account of the resource Fact sheet prepared by the Citizens Committee for School Improvement against the referendum on the grounds of preserving public education in Virginia Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived RG 18, Personal Papers of Barbara Marx Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Citizens Committee for School Improvement Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1950s Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This image is subject to copyright. Unauthorized use of the images in the Local History Collections of the Arlington Community Archives is prohibited. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 18_2_3_10_14 https://projectdaps.org/files/original/ec33c5f3e62a2a9ad62aee89ba7cb8be.pdf a2632652c78bf06a1ce546a9d5e2dd8b PDF Text Text 12 /1 1 /5 5 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS CN THE GRAY COMMISSION REPORT 1* Q. Do the recommendations of the Gray Report defy the Supreme Court decision of May 17, 19514? Mo. The Commission, early in its deliberations, stated that it would for mulate a plan within the framework of law, designed to prevent enforced in tegration of the races in the public schools of Virginia. Q. Is the Assignment plan recommended by the Commission in conflict with the Supreme Court _decision? A. l. i No. The Supreme Court decision of May 17, 195U resulted in such an im pact on the public school system of Virginia that its very existence in certain areas was threatened. The Gray Commission recognizes the vary ing conditions throughout the Commonwealth by giving the greatest amount of local option to meet these conditions. It recognizes the Supreme Court decision by permitting school integration in communities that choose that course, but prevents enforced integration. The Virginia Constitution, Sec. 129, specifically requires the Gen eral Assembly to establish and maintain public free schools throughout the State. The Gray Report recommending the constitutional convention limits the action that can be taken by the constitutional convention so that such a convention could nob even consider repeal or amendment of Sec. 129 of the State Constitution. A. 3* Does the Gray Commission report recommend, or suggest that the Virginia public school system be abolished? A. 2. Q. No. Under the Plan, the assignment of pupils is not based on race, but gives the widest discretion to the local school board, basei on: (a) availability of facilities; (b) health; (c) aptitude of the child; and (d) availability of transportation. Here is the statement of Judge Parker, speaking for the 3“judge court under whose jurisdiction the Supreme Court decree is to be administered as to "what the Supreme Court has decided and what it has not decided in the case": "It has not decided," Judge Parker said, "that the Federal courts are to take over or regulate the public schools of the states. It has not de cided that the states must mix persons of different races in the schools, or must require them to attend schools, or must deprive them of the right of choosing the schools they attend. "What it has decided, and all that it has decided, is that a state may not deny to any person on account of race the right to attend any school that it maintains." Q. How d oes the Assignment plan operate? A, Schools would open next September with pupils attending substantially the same schools as heretofore. After such assignment, any parent or guardian who objects to the assignment of his child to a particular school, has the right to make application within l£ days to request transfer to a different school. Such request must contain the specific reasons why the child should not attend the school assigned and the specific reasons why the child should �- 2- be assigned to a different school named in the application. If the re quest is denied, an immediate review is available in the courts* O’ ■T LA May a child be required to attend an integrated school? A. No. If a child is assigned to an integrated school and the parent objects to such an assignment, the child may be assigned to a segregated school, or if this is not done the parent will be given an educational grant for the child* This gives the parent the final decision as to whether the child should be forced to attend a non-segregated school* 6 . Q. What assistance is given to such a child? A. Q. Does the grant given by the State take money from any other locality? A. 7. The Report recommends that an educational grant be given to the child's parents in an amount not to exceed the total cost of operation per pupil in average daily attendance in public schools for the locality making such grant* No* It is the same amount of money that the State contributes to that locality, based on average daily attendance. It will not, therefore, cost any other community any additional money* 8 . Q. Is a premium given to a locality for maintaining a public school system? A. 10. Q. How would this Plan function in an area such as Northern Virginia? A. 9. Yes* Scholarship grants given in such localities may be so few that no appreciable saving in operation cost occurs* If there should be any ad ditional cost to the local school system because of this, the locality would be entitled to reimbursement by the State of one-half the cost. This would not apply where no public school system is in operation. In addition to preventing enforced integration, it would provide an or derly assignment of pupils with the least impact on the races. It would provide an opportunity for voluntary separation of the races with integra tion possible where members of both races desire it*. Q. Is there any provision or suggestion in the Gray Report that public schools be abolished in any locality? A. No* No schools would be abolished except where integration is forced on a community and local sentiment is so strong against integration that the citizens refuse to appropriate funds for public education. There is no power which can force such a locality to make appropriations. The Gray Commission hopes that, under the assignment plan, this will not occur. However, faced with resolutions from 52 governing bodies that they were opposed to integration and formal notices from a number of coun ties that are operating schools on a month-to-month basis, that they would close their schools if integration is forced on them, the Commission felt that some provision should be made for white and colored children if this occurred* They, therefore, recommended that the same amount of money ap propriated by the State to each child in the community be made available for scholarships to assist a child of either race in obtaining an educa tion in a non-sectarian school* �-3Why are these grants limited to non-sectarian schools? The Supreme Court of Virginia, In its decision of November 7, 1955, in the case of Almond v. Day held that such educational grants to sectarian schools violates Sections 16, 58 and 67 of the Virginia Constitution as well as the First Amendment of the Federal Constitution. Even if we amended the Virginia Constitution, the Federal Constitution would pro hibit such payments. Q. What is a sectarian school? A. 12. Q. A. 11. The Virginia Constitution in several places— Sections 16, 58 and 67, pro hibits the use of public funds, directly or indirectly, in, to or for any church, or sectarian society, association, or institution of any kind whatever, which is entirely or partly, directly or indirectly, controlled by any church or sectarian society. 12A. Q. What is to prevent a sectarian school from setting up a non-sectarian board of directors and, thereby, becoming eligible for State funds? A. m. Q. Is there any other reason why Section lUl of the Constitution would be amended? A. 13. A sectarian school would not become a non-sectarian school merely by setting up a non-sectarian board of directors. Yes, For twenty-six years the State of Virginia has been giving grants in aid to the War Orphan Fund, Teaching Scholarship Program, Negro Grad uate Aid Fund and the Rehabilitation program for the physically and men tally handicapped. More than 1600 persons were using these grants in aid in non-public institutions.this year. On November 7, 1955, the Su preme Court of Virginia ruled that these grants violated Section lUl of the Constitution as now written. It is therefore necessary to amend Sec tion lUl so Virginia can continue its former program. q . Why was it necessary to have a Constitutional Convention? A. 13. There are two regular ways for amending the Constitution. The first meth od requires a constitutional referendum on a proposed amendment passed by two differently elected General Assemblies. This would require more than two years. The second method provides for a constitutional convention, when such convention is specifically authorized by the people themselves. This may be done in approximately six months. It was essential that a plan for operating the schools be available before the next school year. Many of the school boards make up their budgets in the spring and in many localities no funds would be appropriated unless they had a plan under which they could operate. The Gray Commission, therefore, recommended to the Governor that he call a special session of the General Assembly for the sole purpose of considering the calling of a Constitutional Convention limited to amending Section lUl of the Constitution. Q. What is Section lUl of the Constitution? A. This section prohibits State appropriations to schools or institutions of learning not owned or controlled by the State. There is already an excep tion which permits scholarships to be used in private institutions. Under �-athis exception, counties, cities, towns and districts may make appropria tions to private non-sectarian schools of manual, industrial or technical training. Unless this section is amended, localities would be restricted to making contributions for use in private industrial schools only. 16. Q. How is Section lUl of the Constitution to be amended? A. The act of the General Assembly authorizing the vote on the calling of the Constitutional Convention, limits the amendment to Section ~ ) of the Con lp stitution to the extent that is necessary to accomplish the following purpose and no other powers: "To permit the General Assembly and the governing bodies of the several counties, cities and towns to appropriate funds for ed ucational purposes which may be expended in furtherance of ele mentary, secondary, collegiate and graduate education of Virginia students in public and non-sectarian private schools and institu tions of learning in addition to those owned or exclusively con trolled by the State or any such county, city or town." And further provides that "convention will not have the power to either consider, adopt or propose any other amendments or revisions." 17• What is Section 129 of the Constitution? This Section reads as follows: "The General Assembly shall establish and maintain an efficient system of public free schools throughout the State." Q. Has Section 129 of the Constitution been repealed? No, and amendment of Section llil will still require the legislature 00 maintain an efficient system of public free schools throughout the State. The Constitutional Convention would not have the power to repeal or amend Section 129 of the Constitution. Q. Will an amendment to Section lUl, authorizing limited educational grants to be used in non-sectarian private schools, affect Section 129 of the Constitution? A. 1 Q. A. 20. The regular session of the General Assembly convening on January 11, 1956, will select the time and method of electing the delegates to the limited Constitutional Convention. On the date selected, the people will elect representatives to the Constitutional Convention. Their acts at the Convention will be limited to the amendment of Section lUl of the Con stitution as provided in the original act. A. 19* If the people vote in favor of holding a restricted Constitutional Con vention on January 9, 1956, what is the next step? A. 18. Q. No. The amendment to Section ll*l is merely a measure to provide funds for white and colored children in case a community refuses to appropriate school funds or should a child be assigned to an integrated school against the will of its parents or guardian. It is hoped that the community could adjust itself without the necessity of the State expending tremendous sums to establish a school system at the local level which would increase the income taxes some 25 to 1 0 percent. * �-521. Q. Will teachers in private non-sectarian schools be within the provisions of the Virginia Supplemental Retirement Act? Yes. The Commission specifically recommends that the provisions of the Act be broadened to provide for the retirement of teachers in private schools organized after the effective date of the enactment of legisla tion recommended by the Report. Q. Will private tiition grants such as are contemplated by the Commission open up "endless opportunities for fraud"? No. Proper safeguards will be adopted. Illustrations of protection against fraud in this type of grant may be found in Unemployment Compensa tion and the G. I. Bill of Rights. Q. Is the State prepared to pay additional costs involved in maintaining a dual school system (public and private)? " The recommendations of the Gray Report do not contemplate a dual system of public and private schools. Moreover, no State appropriations will be made to private schools. Tuition grants will be made to parents only un der the circumstances outlined elsewhere herein. Q. What would be the additional cost to the State in assuming part of tuition costs of students already enrolled in Virginia private schools? A. 27. No. The State Board of Education will continue its functions in the fu ture just as it has in the past. Under present law, private schools may be accredited by the State Board if they meet the prescribed standards. A. 26. Will the State Board of Education lose its authority to maintain school standards? A. 25. Q. A. 2h. The Commission believes that the people of Virginia want to preserve the educational opportunities of our children as far as possible. Many peo ple have stated that they will not send their children to integrated schools. The Commission believes that no child should be required to attend an integrated school. If children who will not attend an inte grated school are to get an education some means must be provided where by they can do so. A. 23. Why is a scholarship plan necessary? A. 22. Q. None. Students already enrolled in Virginia private schools will not be eligible for tuition grants. Such a student entering the public school system for the express purpose of obtaining an educational grant would be acting in bad faith and would not be eligible. Q. Will anyone be responsible for checking on how tuition grants are expended? A. It will be the responsibility of the local school board to make tuition payments and to see that such payments are properly expended just as it is now the responsibility of the school board to see that all school funds are properly expended. �28 Will pupils obtaining educational grants be subject to review and as signment to public school each year? A, Yes, In such a case, if an unmixed school is available the pupil would lose its grant and would have to attend such school# Q. If Section lUl is not voted by the people, what may happen? A. 29* Q. 1) 2) 3) U) 5) 6) There will be enforced integration; There will be no aid for children of either race in hardship cases; Virginia will not be able to carry out its former program for the training of the physically and mentally handicapped, aid for teacher scholarships and nursing scholarships similar to that under the G. I. Bill of Rights and scholarships for Negro grad uate aid; It could cause a large increase in State income taxes, should the State itself be forced to go into many communities, where public schools have been abandoned because of forced integration, and operate State schools, It will deprive the parents of the final decision as to whether their child must attend an integrated school where they feel that the child's educational advancement is being impaired or retarded and of the right, in the future, due to changing conditions in the schools— to make a similar decision. Failure to have an education al grant could result in the child's being forced to remain in an integrated school in order to obtain an education. This might result in nearly one-third of the county school systems be ing discontinued, which would result in such chaos and confusion that its impact would be felt on the school systems in Northern Virginia, (These Questions and Answers are prepared by State Senator Charles R, Fenwick, a member of the Governor's Education Commission,) � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource RG 18: Personal Papers of Barbara Marx Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Questions and Answers on the Gray Commission Report, December 11, 1955 Description An account of the resource Information Sheet prepared by State Senator Charles R. Fenwick, a member of the Governor's Education Commission, regarding the question of amending Section 141 of the State Constitution. 6 pages. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived RG 18, Personal Papers of Barbara Marx Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Charles Fenwick Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1950s Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This image is subject to copyright. Unauthorized use of the images in the Local History Collections of the Arlington Community Archives is prohibited. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 18_2_3_10_11 https://projectdaps.org/files/original/384488fc97f89a2a40e267238ebba942.pdf 22a797f34f524cf18ae798dcd09b9e75 PDF Text Text � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource RG 18: Personal Papers of Barbara Marx Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Present in Richmond, November 30 Description An account of the resource Handwritten notes of names of people present in Richmond on November 30, possibly at the special session held by Gov. Stanley. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived RG 18, Personal Papers of Barbara Marx Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Barbara Marx (?) Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1950s Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This image is subject to copyright. Unauthorized use of the images in the Local History Collections of the Arlington Community Archives is prohibited. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 18_2_3_10_10 https://projectdaps.org/files/original/ed31005cb7903094624c0e1502c3c01b.pdf 9106c72547cc7d7a9800f03ed07983b7 PDF Text Text TJLS_ V I R G I N I A _ L E k G H E R ' Pub, by the ISV of Va. i « r s . V.ft. Montanari, £d. Mrs, Carl Marcy, Pres. _______________________ December ' 1955_____________________ _ This issue of your State Beard publication was to have been devoted to the Legi lative Conference held in Fredericksburg Nov. 9, at which time State board members ° gave summaries and reports cn what to look for at the coming General Assembly session in January, Since then, however, the Commission on Public .education (Gray Commission has given it's report to Governor Stanley, and he has called a special session of the general Assembly for Nov. 30, to start procedures necessary to amend the state constitution. Because of the importance of this, we will report on only two items discussed Gov. 9; namely, legislative procedure in the General Assembly and methods of amending the constitution (Mrs. Thomas Clemans, Legislative Chairman), and the status of our agenda item on "effects of the Supreme Court decision on the public school system of Virginia" (Mrs, Luigi fetrulio, Item III Chairman). The next issue of the Leaguer will give the legislative outlook for our other items: Mental health, changes in t,.a state voting lavra, and the state tax item. Cur immediate concern is with the Nov. 30 special session of the General Assenfc and what it means. This session was precipitated by two recent happenings. One is th. decision of the Virginia Supreme Court in the Almond vs. Day case that it is unconsti tutional to use public funds for private schooling. Secondly, the Gray Commission re port on Nov. 13 recommends extensive changes in the school system. 'The Richmond Time: Dispatch of Nov. 13., 1955, gives "highlights" of the Gray report as follows: " m i early special session o f t h e General Assembly should be called b y ' Gov. Stanley, "That session of the Assembly should consider one bill- to provide for hold ing a referendum cn whether a limited Constitutional Convention should amend Section 14^ of the State Constitution. "Assuming a Convention is held, possibly by early spring, and the Constitv tionis revised to permit use cf public funds for private schooling, a broad , legislative program should be enacted to enable the Virginia cities and counties to prevent compulsory integration. "Principle points in the program would; 1. Impower local school boards to assign pupils to schools for various causes except race. Actually, this could avert or minimize integration 2. Provide tuition grants from public funds for private schooling of child renwhere either (a) no public schools are operated, or (b) parents choose not to send children to integrated schools. 3. Amend attendance laws to.provide that no child may be compelled to attend integrated scnools. "In general, localities could integrate or not, with the new legislation all intended to help avoid integration." In order to carry out the Gray Commission plans, then, it would be necessary to amend the state constitution. There are two ways of doing this - by amendment cr by Constitutional Convention. The first and more general method of amending the consti tution is as follows: 1. Amendment is proposed in the Senate or House of Delegates, 2. If passed by a majority of both houses, the amendment is published three months before the next election of members of the House of Delegates, and is then referred to the next session (either regular or special) of the General Assembly. 3. If passed by a majority of both houses, the amendment is then submitted to the people for a vote. 4. If a majority of the people vote for it, the amendment becomes a part of the constitution. Under present circumstances this method would take more than two years, since any aimndir.ent passed new would have to be costed in the summer of 1957, referred �to the Assembly elected in the fall of 1957* then referred to the people*. By his Nov. 14 proclamation calling for a special session of the General AspaahJy Governor Stanley is asking for the Constitutional Convention method of a n te n d in g the constitution. The steps involved are as follows: 1. General assembly meets, votes oh bill "to provide for s u b m i t t i n g to the quali fied electors.the question of whether there shall be a ponrontion to revise and amend certain provisions of the C o n s t i t u t i o n 1 o f Virginia." 2. If the bill passes both houses of the General Assembly, there is a call by the Governor for a referendum. 3. The referendum is held on the question "Shall there be a convention to re/ise the Constitution and amend same?", the legal effect of which will be to delegate to the. Convention the power to "consider and adopt a m e n d m e n ts n e c e s s a r y to accomplish the foUowing purposes, and no ethers-: To permit the General Assembly and the g o v e r n i n g bodies of the several counties, cities and towns to appropriate funds for educational purposes which may be expended in furtherance of e l e m e n t - d r y , second ary, collegiate and graduate education of Virginia students in nonsectarian public ar.d private schools and institutions of learning in addition to those owned or ex clusively controlled by the state or any such county, city or town." according to the provisions of the bill which will be s u b m i t t e d to the General Assembly on Nov. 3 0 , this referendum must be held hot later than 60 days after passage of the act in 'the General Assembly; it might be held earlier. There are indications that it adght come during the first zw o weeks in January. a. General Assembly meets, passes a bill for nolding Constitutional Convention,lim ited in the manner indicated in Step 3; determines apportionment of state for el ection of delegates to such convention; arranges for such election. In 1945, the space was apportioned according to Senatorial Districts; thus there were 4C dele gates to the convention. / Governor calls for election of delegates. 6 Flection of delegates; votes certified. Convention meets, considers and adopts amendments to constitution to accomplish the purposes indicated in Step 3 , a , nd no others", and then "proclaims and ordains siid revisions and amendments," In other words, the action of a limited Constitu tional Gcnvention is final, and the amendment cr amendments in final form are not submitted t o the people. ..when article XVII, liberalizing voting requirements for members of the Armed For ces, was added to the constitution in 1945 by a Constitutional Convention, the pro cedure took four months, probably the absolute minimum time in which it c uld be c,one,) •JHBBBBBBBr The local Leagues have been studying the effects > f the U.S. Supreme Court rul . ing, but until the Gray Commission's report was published---after 14 months of delib eration by the Commission- the League could not really come to grips with the prob_em and ask for membership consensus. Now, with a referendum possible by the first ? January, the State Board must hear from the membership, Mrs. Petrullo is asking • h local Boards to have a meeting on this in December, Ideally, to prepare material -e allow sufficient time for scheduling meetings in all Leagues, months are required, •.is time, the whole process must be dona in one month, The State Board must get m 3;'.. rship opinion to guide its own action and to counsel action at the local level for ose Leagues who have a current agenda item that covers this phase of the school .oblem* In theory,.at least, a constitutional guarantee that public funds shall not be . for private purposes is essential. The "model" state.constitution prepared by a ttonal Municipal League committee composed of distinguished political scientists •r public administrators, contains a section to this effect*, and most states have v utth safeguards written into their constitutions. In modifying section l41**of our •rnsitution, so that public money could be used for private, nonsectarian schools, firginia would be taking a very serious step. So — study the opinion of the Virginia Supreme Court in the Almond vs Day case ' i newspapers Nov. 8, 1955), and the Gray Commission report (published in most .n �-3 papers Sunday, Nov. 13, and the full text, including i m p ? r t a a t - « p p e s d . i c e i t , may be ob tained by writing the Gray Commission in R i c h m o n d ) , both are very detailed and need careful analysis, head them, attend your League meeting. Hera are some of the questions that are being raised throughout the state: 1. If the recommendation? of tho Gray Commission are accepted by the General Assembly and by the people of lirginia, what will be the future of federal aid to Virginia public schools: 2, If a local school division were to choose to abandoii public schools, and priv ate segregated schools were operated, how would section H P , requiring t he state to maintain a system of public schools, be complied with? If a locality attempted some integration, where would objecting students go? How would new private schools acquire buildings? 5. How long could the private schools be considered private schools when most of the money for their operation would come from a public source— tuition giants from the state? o. How much t i l l the 3tate budget for 1955-57 have to be increased to provide for the extra burden that might be imposed on the general fund by tuition grants? A r k yourself: How shall I vote if the question of having a Constitutional Conven tion X3 referred to the people: i(hat should the League do? Think in terms of ways the league can serve communities before the referendum, if it is held. Let your local board hear from you. In the meantime, take whatever action you, as an individual cit izen of the state of Virginia, think would be appropriate and effective. It will take time to reach League consensus; as an individual citizen you may take action whenever and on whatever basis you like. ■iK !-* H Election 705, Model State Constitution, fifth edition, 1948:"Appropriations for Priv ate Purposes Prohibited. No tax shall be levied or appropriation of public money or oroperty be made, either directly or indirectly, except for a public purpose, and no public money or property shall ever be appropriated, applied, donated cr used direct ly or indirectly, for any sect, church, denomination, cr sectarian institution. No public money or property shall be appropriated for a charitable, industrial, educat ional cr benevolent purpose except to a department, office, agency, or civil divi sion of the state." ^Section 141, Virginia Constitution, as amended in 1952: "State appropriations pro hibited to schools or institutions of learning not owned or exclusively controlled by the state or some subdivision thereof; exception to rule- No appropriation of public lands shall be made to any school cr institution of learning not owned or exclusively jontrclled by the State or same political subdivision thereof; provided, first, that the General assembly m y appropriate funds to an agency, or to a school or institu tion of learning o w m d or controlled by an agency, created and established by two or more States under a joint agreement to which this State is a party for the purpose of providing educational facilities for the citizens of the several States joining in such agreement; second, that counties, cities, to’ ms, and districts may make appro priations to r.orsectarian schools cf manual, industrial, or technical training, and also to any school or institution of learning owned or exclusively controlled by such county, city, town, or school district." � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource RG 18: Personal Papers of Barbara Marx Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Virginia Leaguer, December 1955 Description An account of the resource Newsletter from the League of Women Voters of Virginia reporting on two items discussed at a Legislative Conference on November 9, "legislative procedure in the General Assembly and methods of amending the constitution" and "the status of [their] agenda item on effects of the Supreme Court decision on the public school system of Virginia'". 3 pages Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived RG 18, Personal Papers of Barbara Marx Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource League of Women Voters of Virginia Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1950s Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This image is subject to copyright. Unauthorized use of the images in the Local History Collections of the Arlington Community Archives is prohibited. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 18_2_3_10_8