2 20 53 https://projectdaps.org/files/original/f0b418e5b123e71834b27728f77ead49.pdf b5615c4f40a9dd42269d95d16f878a4c PDF Text Text HOUSE BILL NO. 1 Offered November 30, 1955 1 A B IL L to provide f o r subm itting to the qualified electors the question o f 2 w hether there shall be a convention to revise and amend Section 1U1 3 4 o f the Constitution o f Virginia. -------- 5 Patrons— Harry B. Davis, Adams, Hutchens, Daniel, Locher, Magruder, 6 Pope, Allman, Murphy, Cleaton, H. H. Purcell, Roberts, Tucker, 7 Cantrell, W. Roy Smith, Blackburn, Carneal, Wheatley, and Shaffer. 8 9 Referred to the Committee on Privileges and Elections. Whereas, by Item 210 of the Appropriation Act of 1954 (Acts of 10 Assembly, 1954, Chapt. 708, p. 970), the General Assembly sought to 11 enact measures to aid certain war orphans in obtaining an education at 12 either public or private institutions of learning, which said Item has 13 been adjudicated by the Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia, insofar 14 as it purports to authorize payments for tuition, institutional fees and 15 other expenses of students who attend private schools, to be violative of 16 certain provisions of the Constitution respecting education and public 17 instruction; and, 18 Whereas, the State’ entire program, insofar as attendance at private s 19 schools is concerned, involving the industrial rehabilitation program, 20 grants for the education of war orphans, grants in aid of Negro graduate 21 students, and scholarships for teaching and nursing, is in jeopardy; and, 22 Whereas, in order to permit the handicapped, war orphans, Negro 23 graduate students and prospective teachers and nurses to receive aid in 24 furtherance of their education at private schools and in order to insure 25 educational opportunities for those children who may not otherwise receive 26 a public school education due to the decision of the Supreme Court of the 27 United States in the school segregation cases, it is deemed necessary that 28 said provisions of the Constitution be revised and amended; and, 29 Whereas, it is impossible to procure such amendments and revisions 30 within the time required to permit educational aid forthwith for the 31 current school year and that beginning in the fall of 1956 except by con32 vening a constitutional convention; and, 33 Whereas, because it is deemed unwise at this time to make any 34 sweeping or drastic changes in the fundamental laws of the State, and 35 also, in order to assure the adoption of the contemplated amendments and 36 revisions within the time necessary to permit educational aid in the school 37 year of 1956-57, it is deemed necessary that the people eliminate all �House Bill No. 1 2 1 questions from consideration by said convention save and except those 2 essential to the adoption of those revisions and amendments specified in 3 this Act; and, 4 Whereas, in order to avoid heated and untimely controversies through- 5 out the State as to what other matters, if any, may or should be acted 6 upon by said convention, it is believed to be in the public interest to submit 7 to the electors the sole question whether a convention shall be called 8 which will be empowered by the people to consider and act upon said 9 limited revisions and amendments only, and not upon any others: 10 Now, therefore, be it enacted by the General Assembly of Virginia: 11 1. §1 That at an election to be held on such day as may be fixed by . 12 proclamation of the Governor (but not later than sixty days after the 13 passage of this Act) there shall be submitted to the electors qualified to 14 vote for members of the General Assembly the question “ Shall there be a 15 convention to revise the Constitution and amend the same?” Should a 16 majority o f the electors voting at said election vote for a convention, the 17 legal effect of same will be that the people will thereby delegate to it only 18 the following powers of revision and amendment of Section 141 of the 19 Constitution and no others: 20 A. The convention may consider and adopt amendments to Section 141 21 of the Constitution of Virginia necessary to accomplish the following pur22 poses, and no others: 23 To permit the General Assembly and the governing bodies o f the 24 several counties, cities and towns to appropriate funds for educational 25 purposes which may be expended in furtherance of elementary, secondary, 26 collegiate and graduate education of Virginia students in public and 27 nonsectarian private schools and institutions of learning in addition to 28 those owned or exclusively controlled by the State or any such county, city 29 or town. 30 B. The convention shall be empowered to proclaim and ordain said 31 revisions and amendments adopted by it within the scope of its powers as 32 above set forth without submitting same to the electors for approval, but 33 the convention will not have the power to either consider, adopt, or propose 34 any other amendments or revisions. 35 §2. The judges of election and other officers charged with the duty 36 o f conducting elections at each of the several voting places in the State are 37 hereby required to hold an election upon the said question of calling the �3 House Bill No. 1 1 convention, on the day fixed therefor by proclamation of the Governor, at 2 all election precincts in the State, but the several electoral boards may, in 3 their discretion, dispense with the services of clerks of election in such 4 precincts as they may deem appropriate. Copies of the Governor’ proclas 5 mation shall be promptly sent by the State Board of Elections to the 6 secretary of each electoral board and due publicity thereof given through 7 the press of the State and otherwise if the Governor so directs. 8 §3. The ballots to be used in said election the State Board of Elec9 tions shall cause to be printed, and distributed and furnished to the re10 spective electoral boards of the counties and cities of the State. The num11 ber furnished each such board shall be ten per centum greater than the 12 total number of votes cast by said board’ county or city in the last presis 13 dential election. The respective electoral boards shall cause the customary 14 identification seal to be stamped on the ballots delivered to them. In order 15 to insure that the electors will clearly understand the limited powers which 16 may be exercised by the convention, if called, said ballots shall be printed 17 in type not less in size than small pica and contain the following words 18 and figures: 19 20 21 “ Constitutional Convention Ballot: “ INFORMATORY STATEMENT “ The Act of the General Assembly submitting to the people the ques- 22 tion below provides that the elector is voting for or against a convention 23 to which will be delegated by the people only the limited powers of revising 24 and amending Section 141 of the Constitution to the extent that is neces25 sary to accomplish the following purposes, and no other powers: 26 “ permit the General Assembly and the governing bodies of the To 27 several counties, cities and towns to appropriate funds for educational 28 purposes which may be expended in furtherance of elementary, secondary, 29 collegiate and graduate education of Virginia students in public and 30 nonsectarian private schools and institutions of learning in addition to 31 those owned or exclusively controlled by the State or any such county, city 32 or town. 33 “ The act also provides that the legal effect of a majority vote for a 34 convention will be that the people will delegate to it only the foregoing 35 powers, except that the convention will be empowered to ordain and pro36 claim said revisions and amendments adopted by it within the scope of 37 said powers without submitting same to the electors for approval, but the �House Bill No. 1 4 1 convention will not have the power to either consider, adopt or propose any 2 other amendments or revisions. 3 “ the light of the foregoing information the question to be voted on In 4 is as follows: 5 “ Shall there be a convention to revise the Constitution and amend 6 the same? 7 “ For the convention. □ 8 9 “ Against the convention.” □ §4. A ballot deposited with a cross mark, a line or check mark 10 placed in the square preceding the words “ For the convention” shall be 11 a vote for the convention, and a ballot deposited with a cross mark, line 12 or check mark preceding the words “ Against the convention”shall be a 13 vote against the convention. 14 §5. The ballots shall be distributed and voted, and the results thereof 15 ascertained and certified, in the manner prescribed by section 24-141 of 16 the Code of Virginia. It shall be the duty of the clerks and commissioners 17 of election of each county and city, respectively, to make out, certify l g and forward an abstract of the votes cast for and against the convention 19 in the manner now prescribed by law in relation to votes cast in general 20 State elections. 21 §6. It shall be the duty of the State Board of Elections to open and 22 canvass the said abstracts of returns, and to examine and make statement 23 of the whole number of votes given at said election for and against the 24 convention, respectively, in the manner now prescribed by law in relation 25 to votes cast in general elections; and it shall be the duty of the State 26 Board o f Elections to record said certified statement in its office, and 27 without delay to make out and transmit to the Governor of the Common28 wealth an official copy o f said statement, certified by it under its seal of 29 office. 30 §7 The Governor shall, without delay, make proclamation of the . 31 result, stating therein the aggregate vote for and against the convention 32 to be published in such newspapers in the State as may be deemed requisite 33 for general information. The State Board of Elections shall cause to be 34 sent to the clerks of each county and corporation, at least fifteen days 35 before the election, as many copies of this Act as there are places of 36 voting therein; and it shall be the duty of such clerks to forthwith deliver 37 the same to the sheriffs of their respective counties and sergeants of their �5 House Bill No. 1 1 respective cities for distribution. Each such sheriff or sergeant shall 2 forthwith post a copy of such Act at some public place in each election 3 district at or near the usual voting place in the said district. §8. The expenses incurred in conducting this election, except as 4 5 herein otherwise provided, shall be defrayed as in the case of the election 6 of members o f the General Assembly. §9. The State Board of Elections shall have authority to employ 7 8 such help and incur such expense as may be necessary to enable it to 9 discharge the duties imposed on it under this Act, the expenses thereof 10 to be paid from funds appropriated by law. 11 2. An emergency existing, this Act shall be in force from the time of 12 its passage. 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource RG 94, Arlingtonians for a Better County (ABC) Organizational Records Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource House Bill No. 1 Offered Description An account of the resource A bill regarding a possible convention to revise and amend Section 141 of the Constitution of Virginia.This bill proposed a constitutional convention in order to adopt the changes to the Virginia Constitution recommended in the Gray Report. 5 pages Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1955-11-30 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived RG 94, Arlingtonians for a Better County (ABC) Organizational Records Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Virginia General Assembly Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1950s Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This image is subject to copyright. Unauthorized use of the images in the Local History Collections of the Arlington Community Archives is prohibited. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 94_16_8_27 https://projectdaps.org/files/original/7efc6732ccd8f91fdf794943c7cf015a.pdf edeaab738f57762db6cf6a049cbde725 PDF Text Text HOUSE BILL NO. 340 1 Offered January 30, 1956 2 A BILL to repeal § 22-8U through 22-88.1 of the Code of Virginia, re§ 2 , 4 lating to election of members of school boards in certain counties; and to amend the Code of Virginia by adding a section numbered 5 22-83.1 providing for appointment of such county school boards. 6 ----7 Patrons— Messrs. Moncure, W. F. Stone, Phillips, Gouldman, Munford, 8 Boatwright, Bailey, H. H. Purcell, Blackburn, Frost, Richardson, 9 W. F. Carter, Locher, V. C. Smith, C. D. Gregory, Witten, Daniel, 10 R. M. Smith, McFarland, Carlton, Waldrop, Lane, Elliott, G. S. Moore, 11 Pope, Wheatley, Reynolds, James, Cochran, Cleaton, Gordon, Bemiss, 12 Leadbetter and Manns 13 14 -------Referred to the Committee on Privileges and Elections 15 16 -------Be it enacted by the General Assembly of Virginia: 17 1 . That § 22-84 through 22-88.1 of the Code of Virginia are repealed. § 18 2. That the Code of Virginia be amended by adding a section numbered 19 22-83.1 as follows: 20 ' §22-83.1. Notwithstanding any other provision of law the school 21 board of any county operating under Chapter 12 of Title 15 of the Code 22 shall be chosen in the manner and for the term provided by law for 23 counties not operating under Chapter 11 or 12 of Title 15 of the Code. 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 � https://projectdaps.org/files/original/1dd56bb936776e0cd303adc52f759ba4.jpg ec75cddba992bdf401ad93722a88e53a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource RG 94, Arlingtonians for a Better County (ABC) Organizational Records Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource House Bill No. 340 Offered Description An account of the resource Bill to repeal 22-84 through 22-88.1 of the Code of Virginia relating to election of members of school boards in certain counties. This bill was aimed at the elected members of the Arlington County School Board, disbanding the elected board and replacing it with one that was appointed. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1956-01-30 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived RG 94, Arlingtonians for a Better County (ABC) Organizational Records Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Virginia House of Delegates Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1950s Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This image is subject to copyright. Unauthorized use of the images in the Local History Collections of the Arlington Community Archives is prohibited. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 94_16_8_26 https://projectdaps.org/files/original/204451fc7e2bc3a0b54c86404c4d3434.pdf 1e8093105824569ca037f05ffa2abf62 PDF Text Text m PUBLIC EDUCATION REPORT OF THE COM M ISSION T o the GOVERNOR OF VIRGINIA S/Utt M X - pow'r see ir -mu /*<■ rA* < tm -5 r» sta t e .- O r^ y c^ L p y * L 6 £A ^ “ A l£ifU’ TA/LS “<S<xi^Y $ 'V-o& ^ itf&ySQ-' • tf. Sa pj ^ X ^ • yy*x+< • fL C. '! s < £ ^ 7. i* < W m h / sQfls34*<fv*4.. — • -z^sifc S*f+r<JZ &sfs<+*ne>irf(t&8 (Z //--*- @_ fj \ * tfn ^ i , ^£**4^ "- •^ ^ * n- j>^r- iP /f. SjLf*+^nS$ OwA^>XZf %/v^Yq ' l*. - 7“ C ^ n -X ^ f --y-ajZLz^ ^ * J UI 1 . M11U — c-er^r TRAW voRTi * * oC^-Cf A /9 9 <nv. -/ - CHRKtur BA$*S . " B Y l ON 3T*r£ f0. &R 50J<taiTib&t Hfff* /tP f» l • A *4 £ F in a le \.» **'rre& o f i e c x. » �/?• , 46^ ^ '^ft y C > & /' riy . Iff. ^ __ �Members of the Commission GARLAND GRAY, Chairman HARRY B. DAVIS, Vice Chairman H. H. ADAMS J. BRADIE ALLMAN ROBERT F. BALDWIN, JR. JOSEPH E. BLACKBURN ROBERT Y. BUTTON ORBY L. CANTRELL RUSSELL M. CARNEAL CURRY CARTER W. C. CAUDILL C. W. CLEATON J. H. DANIEL CHARLESTSTTENWICK EARL A. FITZPATRICK MILLS E. GODWIN, JR. J. D. HAGOOD A. S. HARRISON, JR. CHARLES K. HUTCHENS S. FLOYD LANDRETH BALDWIN G. LOCHER J. MAYNARD MAGRUDER G. EDMOND MASSIE W. M. MINTER W. TAYLOE MURPHY SAMUEL E. POPE H. H. PURCELL JAMES W. ROBERTS V. S. SHAFFER W. ROY SMITH J. RANDOLPH TUCKER, JR. C. S. WHEATLEY, JR. Counsel DAVID J. MAYS HENRY T. WICKHAM Staff JOHN B. BOATWRIGHT, JR. G. M. LAPSLEY JAMES C. ROBERSON �I �REPORT OF COMMISSION ON PUBLIC EDUCATION To: R ichmond , V ir ginia , N ovember 11, 1955. T h e H onorable T h o s . B. S tanley , Governor of Virginia Your Commission was appointed on August 30, 1954, and instructed to examine the effect of the decision of the Supreme Court of the United States in the school segregation cases, decided May 17, 1954, and to make such recommendations as may be deemed proper. The real impact of the decision, however, could not be fully considered until the final decree of the Supreme Court was handed down and its mandate was before the Federal District Court for interpretation. This did not take place until July 18, 1955. The Commission and its Executive Committee have held many meet­ ings, including a lengthy public hearing, wherein many representatives of both races expressed their views, and the Commission has made two interim reports, one on January 19, 1955,1and the other on June 10, 1955.2 It now submits its further recommendations for consideration by Your Excellency. EFFECT OF THE DECISION OF THE UNITED STATES SUPREME COURT IN THE CASE OF DAVIS v. COUNTY SCHOOL BOARD OF PRINCE EDWARD COUNTY, VIRGINIA Until the decision in the Davis and companion cases, segregation of the races in the public schools had been recognized as coming within the valid exercise of the police powers of the several states. In the leading case of Plessy v. Ferguson, 163 U. S. 537 (decided in 1896), the Supreme Court of the United States, in upholding the validity of a Louisiana statute requiring the separation of the races in railway coaches, made this pertin­ ent observation: “ * The most common instance of this (segregation of the races) * is connected with the establishment of separate schools for white and colored children, which have been held to be a valid exercise of the legislative power even by the courts of states where the political rights of the colored race have been longest and most earnestly enforced.” When the question of the constitutionality of a Mississippi statute requiring segregation of the races in the public schools came before the United States Supreme Court in 1927 in the case of Gong Lum v. Rice, 275 U. S. 78, Chief Justice Taft, speaking for a unanimous Court, upheld its constitutionality, and observed, “ * * we think that it is the same * question which has been many times decided to be within the constitutional power of the State legislature to settle without intervention of the federal courts under the Federal Constitution,”citing many cases. When the Fourteenth Amendment was adopted three generations ago, no one dreamed that it had any application to segregation in the public schools. Even the Congress which intitiated the Fourteenth Amendment 1See, Appendix I 2See, Appendix II �provided for segregated schools in the District of Columbia. For nearly a century this interpretation was adopted by many state courts and by the Supreme Court of the United States, and accepted by the people of this country and their legislative representatives. It was the law of the land as firmly as anything can be the law of the land. In the Davis and companion cases the present Court has uprooted the law long laid down and followed by eminent judges. In doing so, the present Court abandoned all legal precedent and based its conclusions upon the conflicting evidence of psychologists. It relied “ generally”upon a lengthy treatise edited by Gunnar Myrdal, a European sociologist of slight experience in the United States, consisting of a number of over­ lapping contributions made by a number of writers, many of whom were given their golden opportunity to voice their own preconceptions and prejudices. This treatise seems, however, not to have been closely read by the justices of the Supreme Court; otherwise, they would have observed that the author suggests that the adoption of the Constitution was in its inception a fraud upon the common people and that in his opinion it is now an outworn document. With this decision, based upon such authority, we are now faced. It is a matter of the gravest import, not only to those communities where problems of race are serious, but to every community in the land, because this decision transcends the matter of segregation in education. It means that irrespective of precedent, long acquiesced in, the Court can and will change its interpretation of the Constitution at its pleasure, disregarding the orderly processes for its amendment set forth in Article V thereof. It means that the most fundamental of the rights of the states and of their citizens exist by the Court’ sufferance and that the law of the land is s whatever the Court may determine it to be by the process of judicial legislation. THE PROBLEM BEFORE US The Commission, realizing that the problem before it is the gravest to confront the people of Virginia in this century, has not been willing to take hasty actions which might tend to add to the damage already done to the school system by judicial decree. The public schools are not only educational institutions together with the churches they are the dominant social institutions of the people of Virginia, and of the two, the schools occupy the greater part of the thought and energy of our children. The public schools have been built up slowly and painfully from the ashes of 1865. Within the memory of members of the Commission, public schools, especially in the rural areas, were pathetically inadequate for both races. Until recent years the people of Virginia struggled to establish primary schools in order to meet the minimum needs of our children. At the end of the century only a little more than 10,000 white and a little more than 1,000 Negro pupils were taking high school subjects in Virginia, which was only 4% of the white pupils and only .7% of the Negro pupils then in the schools. Since then our public schools have made enormous progress. In the high schools we now have 135,425 white and 38,740 Negro pupils enrolled. The pay of Negro and white teachers has been equalized and many millions of dollars have been expended in school con­ struction. The number of Negro teachers—more than 6,000— employed in the public schools of Virginia today exceeds those in all of the nonsegregated states combined at the time the Supreme Court had the school6 6 �segregation cases before it. Progress in recent years has been so rapid in improving the Negro schools that now in many of our counties and cities they are superior to the white schools. Our modern public school system has been developed on a racially segregated basis and advancement of the Negro race has been a direct re­ sult of such a system. Without segregation, the white children would still be largely taught in private academies as they were in the early days in Virginia. Public schools would have made no progress and Negro children would have received little or no public education. Future judicial pronouncements and the attitudes of the Negroes themselves will largely determine whether in many parts of Virginia the clock will be turned back a century. It is now judicially asserted that Negro children lose something by being compelled to attend separate schools. The Supreme Court of the United States, however, gave no consideration to the adverse effect of integration upon white children, although this was expressly called to the attention o f the Court. This Commission believes that separate facilities in our public schools are in the best interest of both races, educationally and otherwise, and that compulsory integration should be resisted by all proper means in our power. The racial problem in Virginia varies radically in different localities; in thirty-one counties in the North, West, and Southwest the Negro school population is less than 10% of the whole; in twenty-four of the South­ eastern, Piedmont, and Tidewater counties it exceeds 50%, and in one it is nearly 80%. In some localities where there are few Negroes the problem of ad­ justment is not so serious as it is in localities with large Negro populations. In the latter, it is believed that the people will abandon public schools rather than accept any integration. Our school properties, representing an investment of nearly half a billion dollars, are owned by the localities, and the money for their operation is raised in great part from local taxes. Obviously, the schools cannot continue without the support of the people, and we must leave a large measure of autonomy to the localities even though that may result in the closing of public schools. y Z ^ T h u s the local school boards must be given wide discretion to meet / their peculiar local problems. The employment of teachers; the assign/ ment of pupils; the regulation or abandonment of transportation; the opera­ tion or abandonment of cafeterias; the continuation or abandonment of athletics, societies of various kinds, and other extra-curricular activities; the maintenance of existing social practices or the entire elimination from the schools of every activity but bare instruction; the maintenance of co­ education or separation by sex;— all of these things must be in the hands of local people who know their own communities and whose children will profit or suffer by their decisions. _ _ —— V This will call for unselfish service on the part of the best people of each community. But this is not new in Virginia; in the years that preceded our Revolution, times of stress and danger, our best men con­ tributed unselfishly and without compensation their thoughts and energies to local government, even while playing their parts on a larger stage. As county magistrates they legislated, adjudicated, and administered the laws of their people. George Mason, who wrote our Bill of Rights, was a magistrate of Fairfax County; Edmund Pendleton, who presided over the Virginia Revolutionary Convention and drafted the resolution calling upon Congress to declare Independence, was a magistrate o f Caroline 7 �County; Richard Henry Lee, who moved the resolution in Congress, was a magistrate of Westmoreland; Jefferson, who wrote the Declaration of Independence, was a magistrate of Albemarle; and Washington, on whose broad shoulders the Revolution rested, was a magistrate of both King George and Fairfax. The Commission is certain that the spirit that actuated our fathers during times of trial still lives in this Commonwealth, and that our best citizens will not fail to meet the challenge of their day. SUMMARY OF LEGISLATION PROPOSED The Commission has been confronted with the problem of continuing a public school system and at the same time making provision for localities wherein public schools are abandoned, and providing educational op­ portunities for children whose parents will not send them to integrated schools. To meet the problem thus created by the Supreme Court, the Com­ mission proposes a plan of assignment which will permit local school boards to assign their pupils in such manner as will best serve the welfare of their communities and protect and foster the public schools under their jurisdic­ tion. The Commission further proposes legislation to provide that no child be required to attend a school wherein both white and colored children are taught and that the parents of those children who object to integrated schools, or who live in communities wherein no public schools are operated, be given tuition grants for educational purposes. There has heretofore been pending before The Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia the case of Almond v. Day, in which the court had before it for consideration the question of whether the Legislature could validly appropriate funds for the education of war orphans at public and private schools. On November 7, 1955, the Court rendered its decision and held, among other things, that §141 of the Constitution of Virginia prohibited the appropriation of public funds for payments of tuition, institutional fees and other expenses of students who may desire to attend private schools. If our children are to be educated and if enforced integration is to be avoided, it is now clear that §141 must be amended. Moreover, unless this is done, the State’ entire program, insofar as attendance at private s schools is concerned, involving the industrial rehabilitation program for the physically and mentally handicapped, grants for the education of deserving war orphans, grants in aid of Negro graduate students, and scholarships for teaching and nursing, to remedy shortages in these fields, is in jeopardy. Accordingly, it is recommended that a special session of the General Assembly be called forthwith for the purpose of initiating a limited con­ stitutional convention so that §141 may be amended in ample time to make tuition grants and other educational payments available in the cur­ rent school year and the school year beginning in the fall of 1956. A suggested bill for consideration of the General Assembly is attached hereto as Appendix III. Contingent upon the favorable action of the people relative to the amendment of the Constitution herein proposed, your Commission recom­ mends the enactment of legislation in substance as follows: 1. That school hoards he authorized to assign pupils to particular schools and to provide for appeals in certain instances. Such legislation would be designed to give localities broad discretion in the assignment of pupils in the public schools. 8 �_Assignments)would be based upon the welfare of the particular child. as wen as the welfare and host -mier-osts o f all other pupilF~attending_ a particular school. The school board should be authorized to take mtoconsideration such factors as availability of facilities, health, aptitude of the child and the availability of transportation. ’ Children who have heretofore attended a particular public .school .^vould not be reassigned to a different one except f o rgo o d causeshowiu ✓Achild wKo has not previously attended a public school or whose residence has changed, would be assigned as aforesaid. Any parent, guardian or other person having custody of a child, who objects to the assignment of his child to a particular school under the provisions of the act should have the right to make application within fifteen days after the giving of the notice of the particular assignment to the local school board for a review of its action. The application should contain the specific reasons why the child should not attend the school assigned and the specific reasons why the child should be assigned to a different school named in the application. After the application is re­ ceived by the local school board a hearing would be held within forty-five days and, after hearing evidence, the school board would determine to what school the child should be assigned. An appeal if taken should be permitted from the final order of the school board within fifteen days. The appeal would be to the circuit or corporation court. The local school, fruard would be made a defendant in this action and the case heard and determined de novo by the judge of the court, either in term or in vacation. If either party be aggrieved by the order of the court, an appeal should be permitted to the Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia. 2. That no child be required to attend an integrated school. 3. That the sections of the Code relating to the powers and duties of school boards relative to transportation of pupils be amended so as to provide that school boards may furnish transportation for pupils. In the opinion of the Commission, such is merely a restatement of existing law. However, it is felt that it should be made perfectly clear that no county school board be requir ’ to furnish transportation to school d children. 4. That changes be made in the law relating to the assignment of teachers. Local school boards should be vested with the authority to employ teachers and assign them to a particular school. The division superin­ tendent should be permitted to assign a particular teacher to a particular position in the school, but not to assign the teacher to a school different from that to which such teacher was assigned by the local school board without the consent of such board. 5. That localities be authorized to raise sums o f money by a tax on property, subject to local taxation, to be expended by local school authorities for educational purposes including coQ of transportation and to receive t and expend State aid for the same purposes. Those localities wherein no public, schools are operated should be authorized to provide for an educational levy or a cash appropriation in lieu of such levy. The maximum amount of the levy or cash appropriation, as the case may be, should be limited in the same manner as school levies or .school appropriations are limited. 9 �■ ix The procedure to be followed by school officials and local tax levying bodies for obtaining these educational funds would be the same as pre­ scribed by law for the raising of funds for public school purposes. The educational funds so raised would be expended by the local school board for the payment of tuition grants for elementary or secondary school education and could, in the discretion of the board, be expended for trans­ portation costs. Local school boards should be vested with the authority to pay out such grants and costs under their own rules and regulations. Localities should be granted and allocated their share of State funds upon certifying that such funds would be expended for tuition grants. Any person who expends a tuition grant for any purpose other than the education of his child should be amenable to prosecution therefor. 6. That school budgets be required to include amounts sufficient for the payment of tuition grants and transportation costs under certain cir­ cumstances; that local governing bodies be authorized to raise money for such purposes; that provision be made for the expenditure of such funds; and that the State Board of Education be empoivered to waive certain conditions in the distribution of State funds. This would be companion legislation to that dealing with the assign­ ment of pupils and compulsory education, respectively. It would be de­ signed to further prevent enforced integration by providing for the pay­ ment of tuition grants for the education o f those children whose parents object to their attendance at mixed schools. Without such a measure, enforced integration could not be effectively avoided since many parents would then be required to choose integrated schools as the only alternative to the illiteracy of their children. The division superintendent of the schools of every county, city or town wherein public schools are operated should be required to include in his estimate of the school budget an amount of money to be expended as tuition grants for elementary and secondary school education. The locality would be authorized to include in its school levy or cash appropriation an amount necessary for such tuition grants. The educational funds so raised would be expended in payment of tuition grants for elementary or secondary school education to the parents, guardians or other persons having custody of children who have been assigned to public schools wherein both white and colored children are enrolled, provided such parents, guardians or other persons having custody of such children certify that they object to such assignment. Each grant should be in the amount necessary for the education of the child, provided, however, that in no event would such grant exceed the total cost of operation per pupil in average daily attendance in the public schools for the locality making such grant as determined for the preceding school year by the Superintendent of Public Instruction. Provision should be made for the payment of transportation costs in the discretion of the board to those who qualify for tuition grants. No locality that expends funds for tuition grants should be penalized in the distribution of State funds. Any person who expends tuition grants for any purpose other than for the education of his child should be amen­ able to prosecution. 7. That provision be made for the reimbursement by the State of one-half of any additional costs which may be incurred by certain localities in payment of tuition grants required by law. 10 �tv * i /) settee c. J c *° *i sirs s r jT E n — ~ » f --- 1_ Puf>,L i< H e a t s The Commission realizes that the payment of tuition grants in locali­ ties wherein public schools are operated may necessitate some expendi­ tures beyond the adopted school budgets. Since tuition grants are vital to the prevention of enforced integration, it should be provided that the State bear one-half of any excess costs to the locality. 8. That local school boards be authorized to expend funds designed s f o r public school pui'poses for such tuition grants as may be permitted by V law without first obtaining authority therefor from the tax levying body. Local school boards should be authorized to transfer school funds, excluding those for capital outlay and debt service, within the total amount of their budget and to expend such funds for tuition grants, in order to give the local boards more flexibility to meet the requirements of the tuition grant program. 9. That the employment of counsel by local school boards be au­ thorized to defend the actions of their members and that the payment of costs, expenses and liabilities levied against them be made by the local governing bodies out of the county or city treasury as the case may be. Such a measure is necessary if we are to continue to have representa­ tive citizens as members of our local school boards. 10. That the Virginia Supplemental Retirement Act be broadened to provide for the retirement of certain private school teachers. The Virginia Supplemental Retirement Act should be broadened to provide for the retirement of school teachers if such teachers be employed by a corporation organized for the purpose of operating a private school after the effective date of the enactment of legislation recommended by this report. The purpose of this is to protect the retirement status of those public school teachers who may hereafter desire to teach in private schools that are established because of the decision in the school segregation cases. Corporate entity is deemed necessary for practical administration by the Retirement Board. 11. That the office of the Attorney General should be authorized to render certain services to local school boards. The Attorney General should be authorized when requested to do so by a local school board, to give such advice and render such legal assistance as he deems necessary upon questions relating to the commingling of the races in the public schools. The localities will have many problems confronting them in view of the school segregation cases and will also have many new responsibilities, including the promulgation of a vast number of detailed rules and regula­ tions. Under such circumstances it is felt that the office of the Attorney General should be made available to them. The Commission realizes, of course, that in order for such a measure to operate effectively the office of the Attorney General must be expanded and the necessary funds appro­ priated by the General Assembly. 12. That those sections of the Code relating to the minimum school term, appeals from actions of school boards, State funds which are paid for public schools in counties, school levies and use thereof, cash appro­ priations in lieu of school levies, and unexpended school funds, be amended; and that certain obsolete sections of the Code be repealed. 11 �Local school boards should be authorized, but not required to main­ tain public schools for a period of at least nine months. A locality may be confronted with an emergency situation. The present procedure governing appeals from actions of school boards should be clarified so that it will not conflict with appeals in as­ signment cases. The State Board of Education appears to have the authority to ap­ prove the operation o f schools in a locality for a period of less than nine months with no loss in State funds. This should be made clear. The requirement for minimum school levies or cash appropriations in lieu thereof should be eliminated and levies or cash appropriation for educational purposes authorized. The procedure for the reversion of unexpended school funds should be broadened so as to make it apply to appropriations for educational pur­ poses. Those sections of the Code relating to distribution of school funds which are obsolete, being covered by the Appropriation Act, should be repealed. The section of the Code requiring segregated schools has been rendered void by the Supreme Court of the United States and should be repealed. The section of the Code requiring cities to maintain a system of public schools should be repealed since it duplicates another provision of the Code. CONCLUSION The Commission has set forth at length the bill the adoption of which is essential to the enactment of legislation to avoid enforced integration. It has discussed in detail the proposals which it believes the General As­ sembly should consider and adopt subsequent to the amendment of Section 141 of the Constitution. They are so interrelated that it is impractical to consider them except in their entirety and at the same time. To attempt to pass some of them without at the same time being able to consider and to act upon the others, would not be feasible. Finally, as this report has stressed, if those educational programs which have been endangered by the decision of the Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia in the case of Almond v. Day are to be continued, and if our children are to escape enforced integration and yet be educated, it is necessary that Section 141 of the Constitution be amended through the calling of a limited Constitu­ tional Convention. The session of the General Assembly which considers that matter should not have before it other measures to becloud the issue and delay action on the most pressing problem confronting the State in this century. We therefore recommend that Your Excellency call a special session of the General Assembly for the sole purpose of considering the bill attached hereto. Subsequent to the Constitutional Convention the Commission will be prepared to submit specific bills carrying out the proposals hereinabove set forth. In conclusion, the Commission wishes to express its gratitude to Your Excellency; to the Honorable J. Lindsay Almond, Jr., Attorney General; 12 �to the Superintendent of Public Instruction, Dowell J. Howard; to John G. Blount, Jr., Finance Director of the Department of Education; to Charles H. Smith, Director of the Virginia Supplemental Retirement Sys­ tem; to David J. Mays and Henry T. Wickham, counsel; and to John B. Boatwright, Jr., and G. M. Lapsley, Secretary and Recording Secretary, respectively, to the Commission, and their staff; and to many others who have given their counsel and made specific suggestions, all of which have been carefully considered. Respectfully submitted, GARLAND GRAY, Chairman HARRY B. DAVIS, Vice-Chairman H. H. ADAMS J. BRADIE ALLMAN ROBERT F. BALDWIN, JR. JOSEPH E. BLACKBURN ROBERT Y. BUTTON ORBY L. CANTRELL RUSSELL M. CARNEAL CURRY CARTER W. C. CAUDILL C. W. CLEATON J. H. DANIEL CHARLES R. FENWICK EARL A. FITZPATRICK MILLS E. GODWIN, JR. J. D. HAGOOD A. S. HARRISON, JR. CHARLES K. HUTCHENS S. FLOYD LANDRETH BALDWIN G. LOCIJER J. MAYNARD MAGRUDER G. EDMOND MASSIE W. M. MINTER W. TAYLOE MURPHY SAMUEL E. POPE H. H. PURCELL JAMES W. ROBERTS V. S. SHAFFER W. ROY SMITH J. RANDOLPH TUCKER, JR. C. S. WHEATLEY, JR. 13 �APPENDIX I H onorable T hom as B. S tanley , Governor of Virginia On August 30, 1954, Your Excellency appointed the undersigned to a commission charged with the duty of examining the effect on this Com­ monwealth of the decision of the Supreme Court of the United States in the school segregation cases handed down on May 17, 1954, and of making such recommendations, based upon its examination, as they deemed proper. Your Commission met on September 13, 1954, and elected the under­ signed chairman and Harry B. Davis vice-chairman. An executive com­ mittee was provided for, consisting of the two named officers and nine other members of the Commission. Immediately following the appointment of the Commission, its mem­ bers began to receive a large volume of mail from the citizens of Virginia. In addition, a great many citizens talked with members of the Commission and stated their views on the question of integration, requesting that they be transmitted to the proper authorities. The Commission held a public hearing on November 15, 1954, in the City of Richmond. The widest possible publicity was given to this hearing and all citizens and groups were invited to attend or send repre­ sentatives to express their views on the question of what course Virginia should follow in the light of the decision of the Supreme Court of the United States in the school segregation cases. The hearing was held in the Mosque in order to accommodate the more than two thousand persons who at­ tended. It began at 10:00 A. M. and extended late into the night. Op­ portunity was given everyone who had indicated a desire to do so, to express his opinion. As the record of the public hearing shows, the great majority of those appearing there expressed opposition to integration and requested those in authority to afford them relief from the effects which they anticipated would result therefrom. Spokesmen for the Negro race and various Negro organizations, and a lesser number of white persons, urged immediate in­ tegration ; in some instances conflicting viewpoints developed among mem­ bers of the same organization. The hearing was well attended, orderly, and apparently representative of the views of the people of the entire State, and it is presently the view of the Commission that further public hearings would result only in cumula­ tive testimony, rather than fresh viewpoints. The testimony at the hearing brought into sharp focus the nature and intensity of the feeling as to the effect that integration would have on the public school system. Not only did the majority of persons speaking at the hearing feel that integration would lead to the abolition or destruc­ tion of the public school system, but some groups indicated, through their spokesmen, that they preferred to see the public school system abandoned if the only alternative was integration. It is noteworthy that fifty-five counties, located in various parts of the State, through resolutions adopted by their representative governing bodies, have expressed opposition to integration in the public schools and that of the fifty-five counties only twenty-one have over fifty percent Negro population. A number of school boards have expressed opposition to integration of the races in the schools, as have many non-governmental 14 �organizations and associations of our citizens. Included in the latter group are large and representative Statewide organizations. In addition, the sentiment of a large number of individuals has been expressed through the medium of petitions opposing integration. The public hearing held in Richmond, the content of many communica­ tions to Your Excellency and to the Commission, conversations with the people of this Commonwealth, and the actions taken by a majority of the boards of supervisors of the counties, and by school boards and other organizations, have convinced the Commission that the overwhelming majority of the people of Virginia are not only opposed to integration of the white and negro children of this State, but are firmly convinced that integration of the public school system without due regard to the convictions of the majority of the people and without regard to local con­ ditions, would virtually destroy or seriously impair the public system in many sections in Virginia. The welfare of the public school system is based on the support of the people who provide the revenues which maintain it, and unless that system is operated in accordance with the convictions of the people who pay the costs, it cannot survive; and this is particularly true in Virginia where a large percentage of the cost of public education is dependent upon local revenues. In view of the foregoing, I have been directed to report that the Commission, working with its counsel, will explore avenues toward formula­ tion o f a program, within the framework of law, designed to prevent en­ forced integration of the races in the public schools o f Virginia. Respectfully submitted, GARLAND GRAY, Chairman. January 19, 1955. 15 �APPENDIX II R ichm ond , V irginia , J une 10, 1955. To: H onorable T h o s . B. S tanley , Governor of Virginia The Commission in its report to Your Excellency, dated January 19, 1955, stated that it would explore avenues toward formulation of a pro­ gram, within the framework of law, designed to prevent enforced integra­ tion of the races in the public schools of Virginia. In furtherance of that aim, counsel, working closely with the undersigned, the full Commission, the executive committee, a committee of attorneys consisting of three members of the Commission and many others, has studied and evaluated various plans and programs of suggested legislation and has now reached some general conclusions. By necessity no plan or program could be evolved until the final de­ cision of the Supreme Court of the United States was rendered. This was done on May 31, 1955, and, at the request of Your Excellency, the under­ signed called a meeting of the Commission on June 8, 9 and 10 for the specific purpose of considering the effects of the Supreme Court’ latest s enunciation concerning the public school system in Virginia. Throughout its deliberations the Commission has been fully conscious that one of the most important functions of State and local government is the education of our youth. It has been at all times guided by the realization that education for the children of this State is of paramount consideration. The plans the Commission has under consideration, necessitated by the decisions of the Supreme Court of the United States, require numerous, involved and complex changes in the present laws of Virginia. Such changes relate to the State Board of Education, local school boards, appro­ priations by local tax levying bodies, the employment of teachers, their tenure in office and retirement, distribution of school funds by the State, and other related matters. No political subdivision of Virginia can initiate a system designed to achieve an orderly and equitable adjustment con­ sistent with law before the enactment of appropriate legislation by the General Assembly and the formulation and application of local policy thereunder. The Court in its opinion of May 31, 1955, recognized that a variety of obstacles would have to be eliminated before any transition could be had to a school system operated in accordance with its views. The responsibility for assessing and solving these problems was placed on the school authorities. In Virginia the public schools are the creature of law and operate as a joint State and local responsibility. Time and exhaustive study are required for the formulation and enactment of legislation if the interest and welfare of the pupils of both races, the protection of the status of the teachers, and the financial problems involved are to receive con­ structive attention. Hasty action could well result in the serious impair­ ment or destruction of the public school system. This should be as obvious to all who have carefully considered the problem confronting the State and the localities, as it is to the Supreme Court of the United States itself. Because of the many complex statutory changes involved and the necessity to consider many of them in the light of the Constitution of Virginia, it has not yet been possible for the Commission to work out 16 �appropriate legislation. Meanwhile both local school authorities and the State Board of Education face the necessity of concluding and announcing plans for the 1955-1956 school year. In the circumstances it is the recommendation of this Commission that Your Excellency and the State Board of Education declare that it is the policy of the State to continue schools through the school year 1955-1956 as presently operated. Further, it is the judgment of this Com­ mission that an adjustment, at this time, to a school system not based on race would not be practicable or feasible from an administrative stand­ point or otherwise. Your Commission will continue its work and submit a further report at its conclusion. The report will contain specific bills for enactment by the General Assembly. For the foregoing reasons, it is the view of the Commission that an extra session of the General Assembly should not be called at this time. GARLAND GRAY, Chairman. 17 �APPENDIX III A BILL To provide for submitting to the qualified electors the question of whether . there shall be a convention to revise and amend certain provisions of the Constitution of Virginia. Whereas, by Item 210 of the Appropriation Act of 1954 (Acts of As­ sembly, 1954, Chapt. 708, p. 970), the General Assembly sought to enact measures to aid certain war orphans in obtaining an education at either public or private institutions of learning, which said Item has been adjudicated by the Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia, insofar as it purports to authorize payments for tuition, institutional fees and other expenses of students who attend private schools, to be violative of certain provisions of the Constitution respecting education and public instruction; and, Whereas, the State’ entire program, insofar as attendance at private s schools is concerned, involving the industrial rehabilitation program, grants for the education of war orphans, grants in aid of Negro graduate students, and scholarships for teaching and nursing, is in jeopardy; and Whereas, in order to permit the handicapped, war orphans, Negro graduate students and prospective teachers and nurses to receive aid in furtherance of their education at private schools and in order to insure educational opportunities for those children who may not otherwise re­ ceive a public school education due to the decision of the Supreme Court of the United States in the school segregation cases, it is deemed necessary that said provisions of the Constitution be revised and amended; and, Whereas, it is impossible to procure such amendments and revisions within the time required to permit educational aid forthwith for the cur­ rent school year and that beginning in the fall of 1956 except by con­ vening a constitutional convention; and, Whereas, because it is deemed unwise at this time to make any sweep­ ing or drastic changes in the fundamental laws of the State, and also, in order to assure the adoption of the contemplated amendments and re­ visions within the time necessary to permit educational aid in the school year of 1956-57, it is deemed necessary that the people eliminate all ques­ tions from consideration by said convention save and except those essential to the adoption of those revisions and amendments specified in this A ct; and, Whereas, in order to avoid heated and untimely controversies through­ out the State as to what other matters, if any, may or should be acted upon by said convention, it is believed to be in the public interest to sub­ mit to the electors the sole question whether a convention shall be called which will be empowered by the people to consider and act upon said limited revisions and amendments only, and not upon any others: Now, therefore, be it enacted by the General Assembly of Virginia: 1. §1 That at an election to be held on such day as may be fixed by . proclamation of the Governor (but not later than sixty days after the passage o f this Act) there shall be submitted to the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly the question “ Shall there be a convention to revise the Constitution and amend the same?” Should a majority of the electors voting at said election vote for a convention, the 18 �legal effect of same will be that the people will thereby delegate to it only the following powers of revision and amendment of the Constitution and no others: A. The convention may consider and adopt amendments necessary to accomplish the following purposes, and no others: To permit the General Assembly and the governing bodies of the several counties, cities and towns to appropriate funds for educa­ tional purposes which may be expended in furtherance of elementary, secondary, collegiate and graduate education of Virginia students in nonsectarian public and private schools and institutions of learning in addition to those owned or exclusively controlled by the State or any such county, city or town. B. The convention shall be empowered to proclaim and ordain said revisions and amendments adopted by it within the scope of its powers as above set forth without submitting same to the electors for approval, but the convention will not have the power to either consider, adopt, or propose any other amendments or revisions. §2. The judges of election and other officers charged with the duty of conducting elections at each of the several voting places in the State are hereby required to hold an election upon the said question of calling the convention, on the day fixed therefor by proclamation of the Governor, at all election precincts in the State, but the several electoral boards may, in their discretion, dispense with the services of clerks of election in such precincts as they may deem appropriate. Copies of the Governor’procla­ s mation shall be promptly sent by the State Board of Elections to the secretary of each electoral board and due publicity thereof given through the press of the State and otherwise if the Governor so directs. §3. The ballots to be used in said election the State Board of Elec­ tions shall cause to be printed, and distributed and furnished to the re­ spective electoral boards of the counties and cities of the State. The num­ ber furnished each such board shall be ten per centum greater than the total number of votes cast by said board’county or city in the last presi­ s dential election. The respective electoral boards shall cause the customary identification seal to be stamped on the ballots delivered to them. In order to insure that the electors will clearly understand the limited powers which may be exercised by the convention, if called, said ballots shall be printed in type not less in size than small pica and contain the following words and figures: “ Constitutional Convention Ballot: “ INFORMATORY STATEMENT “ The Act of the General Assembly submitting to the people the ques­ tion below provides that the elector is voting for or against a convention to which will be delegated by the people only the limited powers of re­ vising and amending the Constitution to the extent that is necessary to accomplish the following purposes, and no other powers: “ permit the General Assembly and the governing bodies of the To several counties, cities and towns to appropriate funds for educational purposes which may be expended in furtherance of elementary, secondary, collegiate and graduate education of Virginia students in nonsectarian public and private schools and institutions of learning in addition to those owned or exclusively controlled by the State or any such county, city or town. “ The Act also provides that the legal effect of a majority vote for a 19 �convention will be that the people will delegate to it only the foregoing powers, except that the convention will be empowered to ordain and pro­ claim said revisions and amendments adopted by it within the scope of said powers without submitting same to the electors for approval, but the con­ vention will not have the power to either consider, adopt or propose anj^ other amendments or revisions. • the light of the foregoing information the question to be voted on is ‘ In as follow s: “ Shall there be a convention to revise the Constitution and amend the same? “ For the convention. □ “ Against the convention.” □ §4. A ballot deposited with a cross mark, a line or check mark placed in the square preceding the words “ For the convention”shall be a vote for the convention, and a ballot deposited with a cross mark, line or check mark preceding the words “ Against the convention” shall be a vote against the convention. §5. The ballots shall be distributed and voted, and the results thereof ascertained and certified, in the manner prescribed by section 24-141 of the Code of Virginia. It shall be the duty of the clerks and commissioners of election of each county and city, respectively, to make out, certify and forward an abstract of the votes cast for and against the convention in the manner now prescribed by law in relation to votes cast in general State elections. §6 It shall be the duty of the State Board of Elections to open and . canvass the said abstracts of returns, and to examine and make statement of the whole number of votes given at said election for and against the convention, respectively, in the manner now prescribed by law in relation to votes cast in general elections; and it shall be the duty of the State Board of Elections to record said certified statement in its office, and without delay to make out and transmit to the Governor of the Common­ wealth an official copy of said statement, certified by it under its seal of office. §7. The Governor shall, without delay, make proclamation of the result, stating therein the aggregate vote for and against the convention to be published in such newspapers in the State as may be deemed requisite for general information. The State Board of Elections shall cause to be sent to the clerks of each county and corporation, at least fifteen days before the election, as many copies of this Act as there are places of voting therein; and it shall be the duty of such clerks to forthwith deliver the same to the sheriffs of their respective counties and sergeants of their respective cities for distribution. Each such sheriff or sergeant shall forthwith post a copy of such Act at some public place in each election district at or near the usual voting place in the said district. §8. The expenses incurred in conducting this election, except as herein otherwise provided, shall be defrayed as in the case of the election of members of the General Assembly. §9. The State Board of Elections shall have authority to employ such help and incur such expense as may be necessaiy to enable it to dis­ charge the duties imposed on it under this Act, the expenses thereof to be paid from funds appropriated by law. 2. An emergency existing, this Act shall be in force from the time of its passage. 20 � https://projectdaps.org/files/original/5c7183843a2119841518bedbb3b15211.jpg b291f7dd16c1daad136fad0da1666ced Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource RG 94, Arlingtonians for a Better County (ABC) Organizational Records Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Public Education Report of the Commission to the Governor of Virginia Description An account of the resource Gray Commission Report. Handwritten notes on first page regarding price fixing, raising teacher salary. Commission report regarding the effect of the decision of the Supreme Court of the United states in school segregation cases. 20 pages Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource No date Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived RG 94, Arlingtonians for a Better County (ABC) Organizational Records Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Commission on Public Education Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1950s Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This image is subject to copyright. Unauthorized use of the images in the Local History Collections of the Arlington Community Archives is prohibited. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 94_16_8_25 https://projectdaps.org/files/original/f3d933cef1f0c8481ff650ca35176500.pdf a8b12a1cf50581bcda0509e0bb40bda0 PDF Text Text A SUMMARY of Developments in Virginia as a result of the Supreme Court ruling against racial segregation in public schools Page 1 — The Supreme Court Decision Page 2 — Reaction in Washington Virginia Continues Segregation Page 3 — Official Reaction in Virginia Page 4 -- The Governor's Commission on Public Education Page 5 — Opinions of Political Leaders Page 6 — Reaction in Different Localities Page 7 — Fairfax County Resolutions Page 8 — Facts and Figures on Population Page 9 — Won-Political Organizations Page 10 -- Integration in Fairfax County Page 11 -- The Court's Final Hearing Virginia's Arguments on Implementation Page 12 -- List of Members of Governor's Commission Page 13 — Text of Fairfax County Supervisor's October 20 Resolution �page 1 THE SUPREME COURT DECISION The unanimous U.S. Supreme Court decision abolish­ ing segregation in the public schools of Virginia, Delaware, Kansas and South Carolina was expressed in an opinion delivered by Chief Justice Earl Warren on May 17, 1954, "We have now announced that such segregation is a denial of the equal protection of the laws," the Court declared. Thus the ruling is based on part of the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. This amendment, approved by Congress in 1868 and finally adopted in 1868, has more than once proved a major instrument of Federal power. State laws were made subject to federal judicial veto with this wording: "All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United. States and of the btate in which they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens..., nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property without due process of law, nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws." Speaking of current conditions, the Court had this to say: "Today, education is perhaps the most important function of state and local governments...It is the very foundation of good citizenship...In these days, it is doubtful that any child may reasonably be expected to succeed in life if he is denied the opportunity of an education. Such an opportunity, where the state has undertaken to provide it, is a right which must be made available to all on equal terms." Observing that segregation, especially when sanctioned by law, is detrimental to the development of Negro children, the Court went on: "We conclude that in the field of public education the doctrine of 'sep­ arate but equal^ has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal." In previous crucial civil rights decisions*, the Supreme Court had dealt with and rejected civil rights enforcement by Congress. The 1954 decree deals with quite a different matter: discrimination enforcement by state law. In disallowing either kind of enforcement, the Court is apparently consistent in opposing legal interference with individual rights -- either the right to mingle or the right to discriminate, as one chooses. Its decision affects segregation by law, as distinct from voluntary segregation. *Cruikshank, 1876; Civil bights cases, 1883; Plessy vs. Ferguson, 1896. �page 2 R E A C H O H IH WASHINGTON Response to the Supreme Court ruling in the South has, of course, included the impression that this is a "Southern problem." Actually, there are 2.1 states affect­ ed, most but not all of them in the South. Virginia's case was decided in the same language as that of kansas. Since World War I, migration of Southern colored people to cities in the North and the West had carried with it a pattern of segregation. President Eisenhower indicated the scope of the decision in his statement June 30, 1954, to the convention of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People: "We have passed...a milestone of social advance in the United States. The social and political maturity of our people evidenced by the reception given the recent Supreme Court decision is of great significance... "We must have continued social progress, calmly but persistently made, so that we may prove without doubt to all the world that our Nation and our people are trhly dedicated to liberty and justice for all." Integration of all schools on military posts by September, 1955, had been ordered through the Defense Department, The U.S. Office of Education, however, had announced a "tiands-off" policy toward the states, with Commissioner Samuel Brownell promising to help only "when they '.vant us to." VIRGINIA CONTINUES SEGREGATION Dowell J. Howard, State Superintendent of Public Instruction, said, "There will be no defiance of the Supreme Court decision as far as I am concerned. 'We are trying to teach children the lav; of the land and we will abide by it." Continued segregation during the 1954-55 school term was decided by the State Board of Education. A u ­ thority for this was a ruling by Attorney General J. Lindsay Almond that segregation laws remain in effect until the Supreme Court gives its final decree. �page 5 OFFICIAL REACTION IN VIRGINIA Two hours after the Supreme Court decision was made public. Governor Stanley said his people would receive the ruling calmly. He intended no "precipi­ tate action," he said, but would call together state and local representatives to work out an acceptable plan, with views of both races invited. He also called a conference of Southern govern­ ors to discuss plans. They met June 20 but no action resulted. The gathering showed a wide difference in viewpoint among the state executives. On June 25, Governor Stanley said he had no intention of abolishing the public school system but would like careful thought given to eliminating Section 129 of the Virginia Constitution, which says the Ceneral Assembly shall maintain a system of free public schools. Repeal of this, he explained, might be needed to enable the legislators to deal more freely with the problem. To make certain his statement was clean, he concluded: "I shall use every legal means at my com­ mand to continue segregated schools in Virginia." Speaking several months later, Lt.-Gov. A.E.S. Stephens sounded a somewhat different note when he said Virginia's system of free public schools must be kept, warning that to abolish it might mean the state would lose "the things we hold dear." Finally, on August 28, the Governor appointed a bi-paEtisan 32-man commission of state legislators and gave the following description of their duties: "I am inviting the commission to ascertain through public hearings and such other means as appear appropriate, the wishes of the people of Virginia; to give careful study to plans or legislation or both, that should be considered for adoption in Virginia after the final decree of the Court is entered, and to offer such other recommendations as it may deem proper as a result of the decision of the Supreme Court affecting the public schools." (A fuller account of this commission is given on page 4 of this report.) Meanwhile, Attorney General Almond, hoping for " a satisfactory solution" which would not mean aban­ donment of separate but equal schools, declared on June 11, "Negro teachers are not going to be engaged in Virginia to teach white children. No child of any race is going to he compelled to attend a mixed school." Later, in October, Mr. Almond asserted that the Supreme Court itself "has defied the Constitution," �page 4 THE GOVERNOR'S COMMISSION ON PUBLIC EDUCATION Appointed August 28, 1954, the 32 members are state legislators, at least two from each congression­ al district. Tenth District members are Senator Charles R. Fenwick and Delegate J. Maynard Magruder, both of Arlington. At its first meeting Sept, 13, the commission received instructions from the Governor, with his suggestion that it hold hearings in various parts of the state. It elected as chairman Senator Garland Gray, and Mr, Gray named an 11-man executive committee. A rule was adopted that all meetings except public hearings would be secret and all discussion would be confidential. Since then the commission has held several exec­ utive and full meetings, talked with the State Board of Education and the Attorney General, and held one public hearing, Nov. 15, 1954. At the public hearing, representatives of gov­ erning bodies and organizations were invited to suggest ways to solve the problem of desegregation. The all­ day session was a stormy one at times, with much oppo­ sition to integration. The Fairfax County Board of Supervisors had adopted and rescinded a resolution asking the maximum of local option in deciding the fate of the public school system. (See cage 7 of this report.) The Tenth District Democratic Women's Club asked for maintenance of free public schools and compulsory atten­ dance laws. Majority opinion, however, was concentrated on demands for continuing segregation at almost any cost. No further public hearings have been set. Various solutions proposed to the Commission have included several kinds of segregation besides racial: by school districts, by sex, by I.Q., etc. Some have suggested separate white and Negro facul­ ties and school facilities. In an interim report, January 20 of this year, the Gray Commission said integration "would virtually destroy or seriously impair" Virginia's public educa­ tion system. It called for preservation of segregation "within the framework of the constitution." All citizens' ideas are still sought by the commission. A list of members will be found on page 12 of this report. �page 5 OPINIONS OP POLITICAL LEADERS State Legislators Polled Delegate Armistead Boothe sent a questionnaire in August to the 140 members of the General Assembly. The 47 replies he received showed reluctance to integrate: (1) 10 to 1, the legislators think "no child of either race should be compelled to attend a school for children of the other race." (2) 7 to 1, they seem to favor retaining the free public school system. (3) 10 to 1, they want no teachers assigned to a school of another race. (4) 3 to 1, they voted that in case segregation between races must be abolished, boys and girls should be separated. Boothe's Plan In a Norfolk speech Oct. 21, Del. Boothe outlined a tentaive plan calling for much local option. He thought school boards should be allowed to assign "outstanding Negro students" to white schools, and should provide some voluntary choice of schools, segregated and integrated, within the same district. His plan also called for more individual placement of students on bases of educational background, health, area feeling about segregation, etc., with some rearrangement of school attendance districts. Governor1s Commission Criticized The commission was criticized for electing Sen. Gray its chairman after he had led a group of 20 Louth Virginia legislators in stating "unalterable opposition" to the principle of integration. In Cctober he again caused a stir by addressing a group of segregationists, saying bluntly, the Supreme Court decision was "political and monstrous." He said he did not intend to let his grand­ children go to school with Negroes. The Virginia Meth­ odist Advocate said there was "serious question of his competence to serve on the commission in any capacity." Sen. Ted -^alton of Radford, Republican candidate for governor in 1953, criticized wr. Stanley for naming a commission without any Negro members. Del. Robert Whitehead of Nelson County, a leader of the Democratic oppostion to the Byrd wing of his party, said either Dalton or Boothe should have been in­ cluded on the commission, since both had sponsored reso­ lutions (unsuccessfully) to set up a biraclal study. Mr. Whitehead also said on Oct. 21 that to abolish the public school system would be "an open invitation to the Federal government to boldly step into the field of education and take over." He favored giving each local­ ity wide discretion. This speech brought a sharp reply from Rep. William Tuck, Fifth Congressional District, a former Governor of Virginia and a strong opponent of integration. �page 6 REACTIONS IN DIFFERENT LOCALITIES A large volume of mail has reached the Governor and the Gray Commission asking continued segregation in Virginia schools. Residents of areas with sizable col­ ored populations have been more outspoken in their re­ sponse than those In predominantly white areas, where the prospect of integration causes less concern, Halifax County, with a 44$ Negro population, presented a resolution to the Governor August 8 urg­ ing the public school system be abolished unless some way can be found to keep segregation. Signed by 8,452 people, about 60$ of the adult population, it said "an admixture of colored and white children will bring unending violence and strife." In June a group of 20 state legislators from southern jurisdictions had already announced "unalter,able opposition to the principle of integration of the races in the schools." In the area of the southern "Black Belt", includ­ ing the Fourth Congressional District, Negroes outnumber whites In many places. According to Col. Benjamin Muse (Washington Post and Times Herald, May 27, 1954), racial tension here is partly the result of historical crises; the Nat Turner insurrection of 1831, when drunken Negroes murdered over 50 white people; the ravages suffered during the closing days of the Civil l <ar; and the election, in 1888, of Virginia's only Negro Congressman. Fourth District Representative now is Congressman Watkins M. Abbitt, who says his constituents favor a state consitutional convention, presumably to change the public school provision. One county In this district. Prince Edward, rpovided the test case for Virginia's participation in the 1954 Supreme Court decision. Typical of a different sort of area was the meeting of the Northern Virginia Conference of School Boards, in Warrenton Oct. 21. No positive action was taken, though opinions did show a desire for local option in handling whatever course may be decided by the Common­ wealth. Supervisors or School Boards or both in over 40 Virginia localtilies have gone on record opposing the end of segregation in the schools. �page 7 FAIRFAX COUNTY RESOLUTIONS On October 20 the County Board of Supervisors passed a resolution requesting the maintenance of free public schools and a "maximum of local option." (See text on page 13 of this report.) This was sponsored by Supervisor Anne Wilkins of Mason District and was approved by all the members except Mr. Runyon, who abstained on grounds that it needed further study. On Nov. 10, five days before the Gray Commission hearing in Richmond, the resolution was rescinded on pe­ tition by 2,843 residents of the county. They said the Board had acted without consulting the citizens. How the Resolution was Rescinded Supervisor Wilkins agreed that thorough study was needed and moved to accept the petition after careful consideration by the Board. She was seconded by Super­ visor Shaffer (elected from Mt. Vernon District). During the public discussion that followed, the first citizen to speak called the Supreme Court decree "Marxist" and wanted to know why we were "riding on the side of the Communists." Next was a lady who said it was an effort to destroy our country from within and was handed down by "nine men of mediocre ability, one of them an immigrant and one the son of an immigrant," Testimony continued, mostly against the resolution. County Executive Carlton Massey said he had "quite a number" of letters and a petition signed by 300 persons asking the Board to keep the resolution. The Rev. T.Dabney Wellford spoke for the dio­ cesan Council of the Episcopal Church, asking imple­ mentation of the Court's decision in a charitable manner. Supervisor Runyon made a motion to accept the anti-resolution petition as a whole and was seconded by Supervisor DeBell. Supervisor Fox then said he opposed integration but wanted the Board to take no stand. Chairman Carper said he believed Mr. Fox and Mr. Jett had expressed the sentiments of the whole Board. (Supervisor Jett, Lee District, had offered a motion opposing integration, but it was not seconded.) After more discussion, Mr. Shaffer withdrew his second to Mrs. Wilkins' motion and Mr. Runyon withdrew his move to accept the petition, proposing instead to rescind outright the Oct. 20 resolution. This was seconded by Mr. Shaffer and won by a 6 to 1 vote, Mrs. Wilkins voting No. After Mrs. Wilkins failed three times to get the floor, amid much confusion, l t . Runyon moved that the yr Board resolve to go along with whatever the Governor's Commission and the Commonwealth might decide. He was seconded by Mr. Jett. The vote was again 6 to 1, with Mrs. 'Wilkins opposed. �page 8 PACTS AND FIGURES ON POPULATION 1950 census figures analyzed by Mrs. Louise Palmer State of Virginia Localities in Virginia vary widely in percentage of Negro population and can be expected to vary accord­ ingly in their reception of integration. Buchanan County has only 10 colored people; Charles City County has 81$. One-third of the residents of Virginia live in areas with 10$ or fewer colored, but there is a heavy concentration beginning at the North Carolina border and extending up beyond Richmond. In 15 rural counties there are 50$ or more colored. Another 17 counties and cities have 40$ to 50$. Together, these two groups make up 15$ of the state's population. Rural areas would experience more racial tension because the greater distances in school districts would mean more integration on buses, in lunch rooms, etc. Boundaries would be difficult to change. Rural areas are also somewhat behind urban sections in providing equal educational standards for colored children. Fairfax County school figures supplied by County Superintendent's office During the current school term, total enrollment includes 5.25$ in Negro elementary schools, 1.35$ in Negro secondary schools. Total "egro school proportion, now 6.6$, has declined over hhe past few years. In 1949-50, 9.93$ of school children here were colored. Instructional and other school employes include 68 Negroes as compared with 971 whites. Fairfax County has "separate but equal" facili­ ties for Negro students. They have similar activities and share with the white students the same supervisory direction through the Superintendent's office. At the time of the 1950 census, the county had 10$ colored population. Since then the white popula­ tion has increased rapidly. Though there are not yet any official figures to measure the change, it is certain the proportion of colored people has shrunk. Areas Ad.iacent to Fairfax County Total population,1950:: County or City: 98,557 FAIRFAX COUNTY $Negi Falls Church Alexandria Arlington County Loudon County Prince William County 1.8 12.4 4.9 18.8 11.9 7,535 61,787 135,449 21, 147 22,612 ie.o �page 9 NON-POLITICAL ORGANIZATIONS Colleges -- Some state-supported colleges make a practice of admitting Negro graduate students. Parent-Teacher Associations -- Virginia state con­ vention in October adopted a platform including: "We face a period of continuing change in our way of life. We must meet this change with far-sighted wi&dom, prayerful tolerance, watchful reaaiuaess." Fairfax County P-TA has distributed kits of study materials for local discussion. Virginia Bar Association -- has adopted no definite stand but was asked by its past president, T.Justin Moore, attorney for Prince Edward County case, to take the lead in making plans to meet conditions that "vary widely from locality to locality." He said the Su­ preme Court decision must be accepted. NAACP -- Negro leaders have asked for immediate integra­ tion, with nothing done to jeopardize Negro teachers' jobs. League of Aomen Voters -- have decided to study the matter and local units have had one meeting to learn the facts. Churches -- Leaders of all major denominations have adop­ ted a pro-integration stand as the only course in keep­ ing with Christian principles. Some statements follow: Disciples of Christ in this area called for definite steps to desegregate the Sunday schools. Episcopal Southeast conferees called the Supreme Court decree "just and right", said it should be put into effect "as best manifests our Christian heritage." Southern Council of Church Women from 16 states adopted a resolution: "We feel we are impelled to promote a Christian society in which segregation is no longer a burden on the human spirit." Dr. G.E. Hopkins of Herndon, president of Methodist Conference Board of Social and Economic Relations, said integration should begin promptly in areas where Negro schools are equal, should proceed more slowly where they are still below white standards. Presbyterian Synod of Virginia said segregation is "discrimination which is out of harmony with Christ­ ian theology and ethics." Southern Baptists Convention approved a statement that the decree "is in harmony...with the Christian prin­ ciple of equal justice and love for all men." Four or five Baptist churches have objected to this stand, but their position is unique in church circles. United Lutheran Churches have said the church "must free itself from those cultural patterns of prejudice and discrimination in our society andmmust manifest in its own life the principles and attitudes of Jesus." Roman Catholic schools in most of Virginia are already being integrated this year. �page 10 INTEGRATION IN FAIRFAX COUNTY The general pattern here, of course, is segregation. But there are some places where integration now in effect can be observed by interested citizens. The Boards of most service organizations such as Red Cross, Community Chest, Girl Scouts, etc., are biracial at the adult level. Both political parties admit ^egro members and there is one Negro on the Falls Church Democratic Committee. Girl Scouts -- The charter says, "Scouting is open to all girls." The make-up of each troop is decided by its leader, but if she drops out her troop remains as it is. Some troops are integrated in the Vienna-McLean and Ft. Belvoir areas, including girls 10-13 years old. County-wide integrated camping was begun last summer. Churches -- Three county churches include both races in their congregations and activities: St. James' Roman Catholic, Advent Episcopal (Annandale), and the Annandale Methodist Church. The Vienna area Council of Church Women is integrated. Five churches in that vicinity sponsored an interracial vacation bibleschool in 1954. Schools — Burgundy Farms private school has an integrated faculty as well as colored students. AllCatholic schools are integrating. One in the county has a few Negro stu­ dents, but not enough to serve as a yardstick. Ft. Belvoir schools are of special interest because this is the only place where integration is compulsory. All seven grades are integrated this year, with 10$ colored students. Two families started to withdraw their children but have stayed on without difficulty. In the light of Fairfax County's yearly need for qual­ ified teachers it is interesting to note that for 25 teaching positions Ft. Belvoir schools had 75 appli­ cants. acuities would be integrated but no qualified Negro teachers applied. Fairfax County's curriculum is used at Ft. Belvoir. School records do not separate white from colored chil­ dren, but the principals, through frequent conferences with teachers, are convinced the colored students are keeping up without strain. This is true even though many of them had their early schooling in Deep South areas where equal standards were not provided for them. Ho trouble is apparent in the classrooms. On the playgrounds and buses the children do not seem con­ scious of any need to discriminate, though housing on the post is segregated. Important differences from a normal county situa­ tion must be noted: (1) Army discipline (all school families live on the post) has abearing on attitudes, health and morals. (2) Teachers enjoy better community status at Ft. Belvoir, though salaries are lagging behind those in the county. �page 11 THE COURT'S FINAL HEARING How will the Supreme Court go about abolishing legal segregation in the public schools? It has set April 11 as the date to begin hearings on this question. In giving the May 17, 1954, ruling, the Justices took an entirely new approach by asking all states affected, as well as those directly involved in the decision, to pre­ sent opinions on two main points: (1) May the Court permit an "effective gradual adjustment?" (2) Assuming that it may, should the Supreme Court assume the burden itself of giving instructions, or should it appoint a "special master" (such as a special commission or some other authority) to handle the details, or should it allow the lower Federal District courts to do the job? The U.S. Attorney General has recommended use of the lower federal courts to develop plans to fit their own localities, VIRGINIA'S ARGUMENTS ON IMPLEMENTATION The Commonwealth of Virginia, through Attorney General Almond, filed with the Court on Nov. 15, 1954, argumants which made the following points: (1) The Supreme Court has the power to grant a gradual adjustment, as shown in its order for further reargument of the case. (2) Ratio of races is important. Virginia needs time to devise a plan for local variations. (3) The lower court (Federal) is closer to the scene and better qualified to cope with the details than either the Supreme Court or a "special master". (4) The Supreme Court should give very general Instructions to the District courts, while permitting the preservation of the local system. (5) Conclusion: "Our desire is to minimize any conflict that may now result and to preserve the public education of Virginia's children." �Page 12 GOVERNOR'S COMMISSION ON PUBLIC EDUCATION List of members, showing their home counties or cities and the proportion of colored people living in each at the time of the 1950 census; (ttmarke those on executive committee) Senators -sGarland Gray, Chairman “ -Robert F. Baldwin, Jr. Robert Y. Button ■JtCurry Carter W.C.Caudill Charles R. Fenwick Earl A. Fitzpatrick Mills E. Godwin, Jr. ■il-James D. Hagood ■ : A S Harrison, Jr. s-.. S. Floyd Landreth G. Edmond Massie W W. Marvin Minter Delegates ■ifflarrv B. Davis, Vice Chairman Howard H. Adams J. Bradie Allman -::-Joseph E. Blackburn Orby L. Cantrell •ifRussell M. Carneal C.W. Cleaton John H. Daniel Charles K. Hutchens Baldwin G. Locher -:J Maynard Magruder :-. *-W. Tayloe Murphy Samuel E. Pooe Harold H. Purcell James W. Roberts Vernon S. Shaffer W. Roy Smith -::-J.Randolph Tucker, Jr. C.Btuart Wheatley, Jr. Home localities Sussex Norfolk Culpeper Augusta Giles Arlington Roanoke Suffolk Halifax Brunswick Galax, bewteen Grayson County Carroll County Richmond Mathews Princess Anne Northampton Franklin Lynchburg Wise Williamsburg Mecklenburg Charlotte Newport News Rockbridge Arlington Richmond County Southampton Louisa Norfolk Shenandoah Petersburg Richmond Danville % colored 65.6 29.7 27.9 5.1 2.5 4.9 15.9 36.7 44.0 57.8 4.4 1.5 31.7 24.9 23.5 53.5 14.6 22.0 4.2 13.0 49.5 40.9 43.2 8.6 4.9 34.4 60.9 39.8 29.7 1.8 42.2 31.7 30.2 �page 13 RESOLUTION OP THE FAIRFAX COUNTY BOARD OF SUPERVISORS passed October 20, 1954 rescinded November 10, 1954 Whereas, it is the belief of this Board that a system of free public education is one of the corner­ stones of our democracy and must be preserved, Whereas, the Supreme Court of the United States has determined that segregation of white and Negro stu­ dents in our public schools is in violation of the Con­ stitution of the United States, and Whereas, it is believed that conditions which would determine ability to comply with this decision in an orderly manner differ widely in the various lo­ calities of the Commonwealth, Be it therefore resolved, by the Board of County Supervisors of Fairfax County, Virginia, that a system of free public schools should nbe maintained which should receive state direction and financial support and Be it further resolved:? that a maximum of local option should be allowed the various communites in the Commonwealth so as to insure orderly compliance with the Supreme Court's decision, and Be it further resolved that a copy of this reso­ lution be transmitted to the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. �page 14 This summary was prepared by members of The Democratic Women of mount Vernon, an organ­ ization of Democratic Women voters in the Mt. Vernon and Lee Districts of Fairfax County. This club has not yet taken a stand for or against integration in the public schools. The next phase of this report will continue coverage of current developments in state and local policy, and will also include a special section dealing with groups active in this area with respect to the oroblems raised by the Su­ preme Court decision. Anyone interested in more general views of the pros and cons of the Supreme Court decision has a wide choice of materials to read. One pamphlet which states the pro-segregation viewpoint is "The Race Integration Cases" by Charles W. Collins, published by American States Rights Asso­ ciation, 2112 First Ave.,N., Birmiuigham, Ala. A pamphlet which states arguments for integration is called "Answers for Action -- Schools in the South". It may be obtained for 20^ from the Southern Regional Council, 63 Auburn Ave.,N.E., Atlanta, Geoggia. Copies of both publications, plus other material, are available to members of 1'he Democratic Women of Mount Vernon through their club library. Public distribution of this information is in accord with the following sections of the club's Principles and Aims: "V/e respect, among ourselves as everywhere, differences in viewpoint and the free expression of opihion as the right of a people for whom freedom of the mind is a precious heritage. "We believe, as Thomas Jefferson did, that a people who would govern themselves must educate themselves. We will study our political institutions and local, state, and national issues. What we learn we will share with our fellow citizens." � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource RG 94, Arlingtonians for a Better County (ABC) Organizational Records Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource A Summary of Developments in Virginia as a Result of the Supreme Court Ruling against Racial Segregation in Public Schools Description An account of the resource Summary reported by a Fairfax County organization, the Democratic Women of Mount Vernon, regarding the Supreme Court Decision, reactions, population information, and integration in Fairfax. 15 Pages Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource No date Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived RG 94, Arlingtonians for a Better County (ABC) Organizational Records Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Democratic Women of Mount Vernon Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1950s Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This image is subject to copyright. Unauthorized use of the images in the Local History Collections of the Arlington Community Archives is prohibited. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 94_16_8_10 https://projectdaps.org/files/original/3d780d594fc16c796c9d37195a1f2f01.pdf 97d14fec8cc6fc45c7022414a4ebbcaf PDF Text Text The Supreme Court’s “Modern Scientific Authorities” in the Segregation Cases Let us consider the so-called modern authorities on psychol­ ogy cited by the Court as its authority to change and destroy the constitutional guaranties of the reserved natural right of the people of the States of the Union to freedom of choice and of the States to regulate their public schools. Speech of Hon. James 0. Eastland of Mississippi in the Senate of the United States Thursday, May 26, 1955 Not printed ct Government expense United Slates Government Piinting Office, Washington : 1955 346518—54674 ��SPEECH OP HON. JAMES 0. EASTLAND OF MISSISSIPPI IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES Thursday, M ay 26, 1955 Mr. EASTLAND. Mr. President, yes­ terday I submitted a resolution asking the Senate to endorse an investigation of the alleged scientific authorities upon which the Supreme Court relied to sus­ tain its decision in the school integra­ tion cases of last year. As will be re­ vealed in detail in my remarks, there is clear and unmistakable evidence that the Court chose to follow the insidious and false propaganda foisted by alien ideologies rather than rely on the Con­ stitution as written, and long established legal precedents. I ask unanimous consent that the text of my resolution (S. Res. 104) be in­ serted in my remarks at this point of the R ecord . TH E RESOLUTION There being no objection, the resolu­ tion was ordered to be printed in the R ecord , as follows: Whereas the Supreme Court of the United States rendered a decision on May 17, 1954, in the case of Brown et al. v. Board of Edu­ cation of Topeka et al. and four related cases, which admittedly departed from the estab­ lished law and precedents in declaring the "separate but equal” doctrine of separation of the white and black races was uncon­ stitutional insofar as it applied to publicschool facilities; and Whereas this decision was based solely and alone on psychological, sociological, and an­ thropological considerations, in th a t the Court stated: “Whatever may have been the extent of psychological knowledge a t the time of Plessy v. Ferguson, this finding is amply supported by modern authority”; and Whereas the footnote to the opinion lists 6lx allegedly modern authorities and con346518—54674 eludes with the sentence: "And see generally Mydral, An American Dilemma (1944)"; and Whereas a provisional investigation of the authorities upon which the Supreme Court relied reveals to a shocking degree their con­ nection with and participation in the world­ wide Communist conspiracy, in th a t Brameld and Frazier, listed in the group of 6 authorities, have no less th an 28 citations in the files of the Committee on Un-Ameri­ can Activities of the United States House of Representatives revealing membership in, or participation with, Communist or Commu­ nist-front organizations and activities; and Whereas the book, An American Dilemma, was prepared by a Swedish Socialist, who declared in the book th at the United States Constitution was “impractical and unsuited to modern conditions” and its adoption was “nearly a plot against the common people"; and Whereas this book was the result of col­ laboration between Mydral and certain al­ leged “scholars and experts” assigned him by the Carnegie Corp., of Alger Hiss fame; and Whereas 16 of these so-called scholars and experts, who contributed to no less th an 272 different articles and portions of the book, have been cited numerous times as members of Communist and subversive organizations; and Whereas the citation of these authorities clearly indicates a dangerous influence and control exerted on the court by Communistfront pressure groups and other enemies of the American Republic and Individual mem­ bers thereof th at is inimical to the general welfare and best interest of the Republic; and Whereas this Senate, the 16 sovereign States whose constitutions were nullified by the illegal decision of the Supreme Court, and all of the people of the United States are now entitled to know beyond doubt and peradventure the complete extent and degree of Communist and Communist-front activity and influence in the preparation of the psuedo “modern scientific authority" which was the sole and only basis for the decision of the Supreme Court: Now, therefore, be it �4 Resolved, That It is the sense of the Senate th a t the Senate Committee on the Judiciary should proceed under its presently consti­ tuted powers to investigate the extent and degree of participation by individuals and groups identified with the Communist con­ spiracy, Communist-front organizations, and alien ideologies, in the formation of the "modern scientific authority" upon which the Supreme Court relied in the school inte­ gration cases. SUPREME COURT BRAINWASHED Mr. EASTLAND. Mr. President, some­ what more than 1 year ago I pointed out in an address on this floor that the Supreme Court had been indoctrinated and brainwashed by left-wing pressure groups; that individual members of the Court were influenced by and were guilty of grossly improper conduct in accepting awards and emoluments from groups and organizations interested in political liti­ gation before the Court and bent on changing and destroying our American way of life; that such reprehensible con­ duct placed a question mark by the valid­ ity and the integrity of their decisions in cases in which these groups were in­ terested, of which the school segregation case is one. Today, I am calling upon the Members of the Senate to consider an even more serious problem. The Court has not only arrogated to itself powers which were not delegated to it under the Constitu­ tion of the United States and has entered the fields of the legislative and executive branches of the Government, but they are attempting to graft into the organic law of the land the teachings, preach­ ments, and social doctrines arising from a political philosophy which is the an­ tithesis of the principles upon which this Government was founded. The origin of the doctrines can be traced to Karl Marx, and their propagation is part and parcel of the conspiracy to divide and destroy this Government through in­ ternal controversy. The Court adopts 346518—54674 this propaganda as “modern scientific authority.” NO PRECEDENT EXCEPT IN RUSSIA Mr. President, in the long legal his­ tory of this country, there has never be­ fore been a time when an Appellate Court or Supreme Court of the United States relied solely and alone on scien­ tific authority to sustain a legal decision. I am informed that in the long history of British jurisprudence, there has never been a time when the high courts of England have resorted to such dubious authority, but that their decisions have been based on the law. Mr. President, my information is that the one time when the high appellate court of any major western nation has resorted to text books and the works of agitators to sustain its decision was when the high court of Germany sustained Hitler’s racist laws. What the Bar and the people of the United States are slow to realize is that in the rendition of the opinion on the school segregation cases the entire basis of American jurisprudence was swept away. There is only one other comparable system of jurisprudence which is based upon the winds of vacil­ lating, political, and pseudo scientific opinion—the Peoples Courts of Soviet Russia. In that vast vacuum of liberty, the basis of their jurisprudence is the vacillating, ever-changing winds of pseudo authority. And that today is the basis of American jurisprudence as an­ nounced by a unanimous opinion of our Supreme Court. SUPREME COURT ADMITS INCOMPETENCE Justice Frankfurter handed down an opinion as late as April 28, 1952, with the concurrence of Chief Justice Vinson and Justices Burton, Minton, and Clark, in which he absolutely denied the com­ petence of the Court to pass upon issues such as those presented in the segrega­ tion cases. He said: �5 Only those lacking responsible humility will have a confident solution for problems as Intractable as the frictions attributable to differences of race, color, or religion. • • • Certainly the due-process clause does not re­ quire the legislature to be in the vanguard of science—especially sciences as young as hum an sociology and cultural anthro­ pology. • • • It is not within our competence to con­ firm or deny claims of social scientists as to the dependence of the individual on the position of his racial or religious group in the community. The Supreme Court, unable to relate science to the fifth amendment, has done an unheard of thing. It has now found scientific authorities to attempt to sus­ tain its view of what the 14th amend­ ment should mean. Who are these au­ thorities? From what background do they come? What has been the nature of their work and activities? T IIE "MODERN" AUTHORITIES Let us consider the so-called modern authorities on psychology cited by the Court as its authority to change and destroy the constitutional guaranties of the reserved natural right of the people of the States of the Union to freedom of choice and of the States to regulate their public schools. K . B. CLARK First, they cited one K. B. Clark, a Negro, so-called social-science expert employed by the principal plaintiff in the segregation cases, the NAACP, whose lawyer argued these cases before the Court. To say the least, it is the most unusual procedure for any court to accept a litigant’s paid employee as an authority on anything, let alone as an authority on psychology, to put him above the Constitution itself. THEODORE BRAMELD Then, too, we find cited by the Court as another alleged modern authority on psychology to override our Constitution, one Theodore Brameld, regarding whom the files of the Committee on Un-Ameri34S518—54674 can Activities of the United States House of Representatives are replete with citations and information. He is cited as having been a member of no less than 10 organizations declared to be communistic, Communist-front, or Communist dominated. His name has frequently appeared in the news columns of the Daily Worker. Brameld, according to the Communist Official Daily Worker of February 28, 1949, signed a statement of the Com­ mittee for Free Political Advocacy de­ fending the 12 Communist leaders. Again, on December 10,1952, the Daily Worker shows that Brameld signed an appeal to President Truman requesting amnesty for leaders of the Communist Party convicted under the Smith Act. And, again, on February 10, 1938, the Daily Worker shows Theodore Brameld to have signed a letter in defense of the appointment of Simon W. Gerson, a Communist, to the staff of Stanley Isaacs. His name appears on a brief submitted by Cultural Workers to the Supreme Court in October 1949, on behalf of the 10 convicted defendants engaged in the motion-picture industry, who were charged with contempt of a congres­ sional committee for refusing to affirm or deny membership in the Communist Party in response to committee ques­ tions. He was affiliated with the American Committee for Protection of Foreign Born, as shown by the Daily Worker of August 10, 1950, which committee was cited as subversive and Communist by Attorney General Tom Clark in letters to the Loyalty Review Board, released on June 1 and September 21, 1948, and was redesignated by Attorney General Brownell, April 29, 1953, under pro­ visions of Executive Order 10450. The Special Committee on Un-American Activities cited the American Committee for Protection of Foreign Born as ‘‘one of the oldest auxiliaries of the Commu­ nist Party in the United States.” �He was listed by the Daily Worker on January 11 and 25, 1938, as a supporter of the Boycott Japanese Goods Confer­ ence of the American League for Peace and Democracy. The American League for Peace and Democracy was estab­ lished in the United States in 1937 as successor to the American League Against War and Fascism “in an effort to create public sentiment on behalf of a foreign policy adapted to the interests of the Soviet Union” and “was designed to conceal Communist control, in accord­ ance with the new tactics of the Com­ munist International.” This is shown by report of Attorney General Biddle, C ongressional R ecord , September 24, 1942; by report of Attor­ ney General Clark—letters to Loyalty Review Board, released June 1 and Sep­ tember 21, 1948; and by Attorney Gen­ eral Brownell in his memorandum of April 29, 1953. The Special Committee on Un-American Activities cited the American League for Peace and Democ­ racy as “the largest of the Communistfront movements in the United States,” by its report of January 3, 1939, and other reports cited March 29, 1944. Brameld was one of those who issued a statement of the Committee for Peace­ ful Alternatives to the Atlantic Pact, dated December 14, 1949, calling for an international agreement to ban the use of atomic weapons. But the Committee for Peaceful Alternatives to the Atlantic Pact was formed as a result of the Con­ ference for Peaceful Alternatives to the Atlantic Pact to further the case of Communists in the United States do­ ing their part in the Moscow campaign, according to a report of the Committee on Un-American Activities, April 25, 1951. He was a sponsor of the Midcentury Conference for Peace, May 29 and 30, 1950, which was cited by the committee as having been “aimed to assembling as many gullible persons as possible under 343518—54674 Communist direction and turning them into a vast sounding board for Commu­ nist propaganda.” Brameld was a sponsor of the Confer­ ence of the Cultural and Scientific Con­ ference for World Peace, held under aus­ pices of the National Council of the Arts, Sciences, and Professions, New York City, March 25-27, 1949. On April 19, 1949, the Committee on Un-American Activities cited the Cultural and Scien­ tific Conference as a Communist-front, which “was actually a supermobilization of the inveterate wheelhorses and sup­ porters of the Communist Party and its auxiliary organizations.” Brameld was a sponsor of a conference held October 9 and 10, 1948, by the National Council of the Arts, Sciences, and Professions, which was cited as Communist-front in the same committee report on April 18, 1949. In October 1936 he was a member of the Nonpartisan Committee for the Reelection of Congressman Vito Marcantonio, which organization was cited by the Special Committee on Un-American Activities as a Communist-front on March 29, 1944. In 1939, Theodore Brameld also was a sponsor of the Refugee Scholarship and Peace Campaign, which was cited as Communist-front by the Special Com­ mittee on Un-American Activities in its report March 29, 1944. There is the public record of Theodore Brameld, who was cited by the Supreme Court as a modern authority on psy­ chology in support of its racial integra­ tion decision of May 17,1954. This rec­ ord not only was available to Chief Jus­ tice Warren and the Associate Justices of the Supreme Court upon request, but this record of Brameld was made up partly by an Attorney General who is now a member of the Court which ren­ dered that decision, and by official printed report of the administration of �7 Chief Justice Warren when he was gov­ ernor of the State of California. E . FRANKLIN FRAZIER Also cited by the Court as one of its modern authorities on psychology to overthrow the accepted meaning of a provision of the United States Constitu­ tion was one E. Franklin Frazier. The files of the Committee on Un-American Activities of the United States House of Representatives contain 18 citations of Frazier’s connection with Communist causes in the United States. He signed a statement of the National Federation for Constitutional Liberties, hailing the War Department’s order re­ garding commissions for Communists. The National Federation for Constitu­ tional Liberties was cited by the At­ torney General in letters furnished the Loyalty Commission on December 4,1947, and September 21, 1948, as subversive and Communist and, now listen, Mr. President, as “part of what Lenin called the solar system of organizations osten­ sibly having no connection with the Communist Party, by which Communists attempt to create sympathizers and sup­ porters of their program.” The special committee in its report of March 29,1944, cited the National Federation for Con­ stitutional Liberties as “one , of the viciously subversive organizations of the Communist Party.” On September 2, 1947, the special committee again cited the National Federation for Constitu­ tional Liberties as among a “maze of or­ ganizations” which were “spawned for the alleged purpose of defending civil liberties in general, but actually in­ tended to protect Communist subversion from any penalties under the law.” Frazier was a sponsor of the Washing­ ton Committee for Democratic Action, which was cited as subversive and Com­ munist by the Attorney General of the United States in letters released Decem­ ber 4, 1947, and September 21, 1948. E. Franklin Frazier published a pamphlet entitled “Seeing Is Believing” 346518—54674 in 1947, as a member of the Council on African Affairs, Inc., of which he was a member. The Council on African Affairs, Inc., was cited as subversive and Communist by the Attorney General in letters re­ leased December 4, 1947, and September 21, 1948. E. Franklin Frazier signed an appeal to lift the Spanish embargo sponsored by the Negro People’s Committee to Aid Spanish Democracy, as shown by the Daily Worker of February 8, 1939. The Negro People’ Committee to Aid Spanish s Democracy was cited as a Communist front organization by the Special Committe on Un-American Activities in its report of March 29, 1944. | In 1946, evidence in the House Com­ mittee on Un-American Activities show­ ed that Frazier was a member of the Board of Directors of the Committee for a Democratic Far Eastern Policy which was cited by the Attorney General as a Communist organization in a letter re­ leased April 27, 1949. The same Frazier, as a member of the Civil Rights Congress, signed a state­ ment defending the Communist Party, as shown by the Communist Daily Work­ er, April 16,1947. The Attorney General cited the Civil Rights Congress as sub­ versive and Communist in letters re­ leased December 4, 1947, and September 21,1948. The Congressional Committee, in its report of September 2, 1947, cited the group as “dedicated not to the broader issues of civil liberties, but spe­ cifically to the defense of individual Communists and the Communist Party” and “controlled by individuals who are either members of the Communist Party or openly loyal to it.” Frazier was named in the Communist Daily Worker of July 18, 1949, as one of the sponsors of a group defending the 12 Communist leaders on trial. The same Information appeared on the back of a letterhead of the National Non-Partisan Committee to Defend the Rights of the �12 Communist leaders, dated September 9, 1949; and in the Daily Worker of Oc­ tober 3,1949. In 1947, Frazier was a member of the executive board of the Southern Con­ ference for Human Welfare. By the Special Committee report of March 29, 1944, the Southern Conference for Hu­ man Welfare was cited as a Communist Front Organization; and on June 12, 1947, the Congressional Committee cited the Southern Conference for Human Welfare as a Communist front organiza­ tion “which seeks to attract Southern liberals on the basis of its seeming in­ terest in the problems of the South” al­ though its "professed interest in South­ ern Welfare is simply an expedient for larger aims serving the Soviet Union and its subservient Communist Party in the United States.” E. Franklin Frazier was a speaker at the Southern Negro Youth Congress, as shown by the Communist Daily Worker of January 23, 1937. The Southern Ne­ gro Youth Congress was cited as sub­ versive and among the affilates and com­ mittees of the Communist Party. United States of America, which seeks to alter the form of Government of the United States by unconstitutional means. It was thus cited by the Attorney General in a letter released December 4, 1947. The group was cited as a Communistfront organization by the Special Com­ mittee in its report dated January 3, 1940. Frazier’s name appeared in a pub­ lished signed statement in the Washing­ ton Post on May 18,1948, as opposing the Mundt-Nixon anti-Communist bill. E. Franklin Frazier was a member of the Citizens’ Committee To Free Earl Browder, which was cited by the Attor­ ney General as Communist, in a letter released April 27,1949, and previously as shown by the C o n gressional R ecord of September 24, 1942. The special com­ mittee, in its report of March 29, 1944, 346518—54674 cited the citizens’ committee as a Com­ munist-front organization. Frazier was a sponsor of Social Work Today, in 1940, and he was one of those credited, by its publication in February 1942, as having made it possible for So­ cial Work Today to strengthen and pre­ pare itself for the supreme test. Social Work Today was cited as a Communist magazine by the special committee in its report of March 29,1944. E. Franklin Frazier was one of those who signed a statement condemning the "punitive measures directed against the Communist Party,” as shown by the Communist Daily Worker of April 16 and 20, 1947. Frazier wrote the book The Negro in the United States, which was favorably reviewed by the Communist social jour­ nals, The Worker and Daily People’s World, on May 15, 1949, and July 28, 1949; and his book was advertised in the Communist Workers Book Shop Cata­ logs for 1949 and 1950. Incidentally, Frazier’s Communist officially adopted book The Negro in the United States is the same book which was officially adopted and cited as authority by the United States Supreme Court in its ra ­ cial integration public-school cases on May 17, 1954. The same Frazier glorified the brazen Negro Communist Paul Robeson, accord­ ing to the Communist Daily Worker of November 4, 1949, by stating at a public meeting in Turner’s Arena "that in American culture the Negro male has never been permitted to play a mascu­ line role. Robeson represents the Ne­ gro man in the masculine role as a fear­ less and independent thinker.” Frazier was vice chairman of the National Council of the Arts, Sciences, and Professions, which was cited by the congressional committee, in its re­ port of March 25,1949, as a Communistfront organization. E. Franklin Frazier was an endorser of the World Peace Appeal, in September �9 1950; he was a- signer of the Stockholm World Appeal to Outlaw Atomic Weap­ ons, in October 1950. The World Peace Appeal was cited as a petition campaign launched by the Permanent Committee of the World Peace Congress at its meet­ ing in Stockholm, March 16-19, 1950, as having “received the enthusiastic ap­ proval of every section of the interna­ tional Communist hierarchy” ; as hav­ ing been lauded in the Communist press, putting “every individual Communist on notice that he ‘has the duty to rise to this appeal’ ”; and as having “received the official endorsement of the Supreme Soviet of the U. S. S. R., which has been echoed by the governing bodies of every Communist satellite country, and by all Communist Parties throughout the world.” I refer to the congressional committee House report No. 378 on the Communist “peace” offensive, of April 1, 1951. The same E. Franklin Frazier, accord­ ing to the Communist official organs, Daily Worker, of October 19, 1950, and the Daily People’s World, of October 23, 1950, was a sponsor of the American Sponsoring Committee for Representa­ tion at the World Peace Congress. In this connection, his photograph appeared in the Daily People’s World. The con­ gressional committee cited the World Peace Congress as a Communist front among the “peace conferences” which “have been organized under Communist initiative in various countries through­ out the world as a part of a campaign against the North Atlantic Defense Pact.” Frazier signed a letter by the Commit­ tee for Peaceful Alternatives, on March 30, 1950. The congressional committee, in its re­ port on the Communist peace offensive, April l, 1951, cited the Committee for Peaceful Alternatives to the Atlantic Pact as an organization which was formed to further the cause of Communists in the 346518—54674 United States doing their part in the Moscow campaign. The same E. Franklin Frazier, adopted by the United States Supreme Court as one of its leading modern authorities on psychology, was also a sponsor of the Spanish Refugee Appeal of the Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee, which the Attorney General cited, in letters re­ leased December 4, 1947, and September 21, 1948, as subversive and Communist, and which the House special committee, in its report on March 29, 1944, cited as a Communist-front organization. To round out his great career in the Communist cause, the same E. Franklin Frazier, according to the Communist offi­ cial organ, the Daily Worker of March 5, 1951, signed a letter to President Tru­ man, asking him to recognize the seat­ ing of the Communist Peoples Republic of China in the United Nations. E. Franklin Frazier has been too prominently and frequently connected with Communist and subversive organi­ zations for almost anyone in public life in Washington not to have been put on notice. Certainly, the highest Court of the land was more than careless in de­ fending the Constitution by adopting E. Franklin Frazier as an alleged authority on modern psychology to override and overthrow the fundamental principles of our Constitution. MYRDAL’S AMERICAN DILEMMA The Court cited and adopted generally, and without reservation, as its leading authority on modern psychology, Myrdal’s book An American Dilemma, when it said—and I quote from Chief Justice Warren’s opinion: “And see gen­ erally Myrdal, An American Dilemma, 1944.” Let us take a look and see what the Court adopted as its leading authority on modern psychology as the basis for its racial integration decision, when it adopted Myrdal’s An American Dilemma. In 1937 the Carnegie Foundation brought over Dr. Gunnar Myrdal, pro- �10 fessor in the University of Stockholm. He was described by the corporation as a social economist. He called himself a social engineer. He was a Socialist who had served the Communist cause. He admitted he had no knowledge of the Negro question in the United States. He was hired to make an investigation of race relations in this country; was given an ample staff and funds for that pur­ pose, and was told to publish his find­ ings. On this project Myrdal naturally found himself in the company of those recommended by the Carnegie Founda­ tion, of Alger Hiss fame. MYRDAL’S CONTEMPT FOR U . S. CONSTITUTION Myrdal has an utter contempt for the principles upon which the United States was founded and for the political system to which the people adhere. It is incred­ ible that the Supreme Court could have overlooked, if they read it at all, certain remarks that are contained in his book, on which the Court mainly bases its decision. Myrdal stated that the Con­ stitution of the United States was “im­ practical and unsuited to modern con­ ditions” and its adoption was “nearly a plot against the common people.” This is purely Communist propaganda, which was cited by the Supreme Court, and on which the Chief Justice of the United States based a very far-reaching deci­ sion looking to the destruction of our form of government. I have often wondered what was the source of the pro-Communist influence in the Supreme Court. Myrdal shows that he did not write this 1,400 page book himself. He hedged himself about with many self-imposed restrictions and "value premises,” so that the book has no scientific validity, either from the standpoint of biology, sociology, or psychology. tion, of Alger Hiss fame. It would be more in keeping with the facts, if, when Myrdal gave the names of most of these Carnegie Foundation “social experts,” he had said that they were taken right out of lists of members of Communist and subversive organizations dedicated to the overthrow of our Constitution and the United States Government, because that is the actual fact. *If Chief Justice Warren had only taken the time and trouble to refresh his memory from his own State’s officially printed reports and records of his own administration as governor of his own State, he would have found, and he can still find, the names of these Myrdal “social experts” in the fourth report on un-American activities in California, 1948, and the sixth report published in 1951 on Communist front organizations by the Joint Fact-Finding Committee to the 1948 and 1951 regular California Legislature, when the Chief Justice was governor of the State of California. Certainly Judge Warren cannot claim unfamiliarity with his own State official reports on such an important subject. I shall give 16 names furnished by the Carnegie Foundation as “social experts” to Gunnar Myrdal, the Swedish “social engineer,” for the writing of “An Amer­ ican Dilemma” adopted in full by the Court and their Communist connections according to the official 1948 California report, made at the time the Chief Jus­ tice was Governor of California. The tenor of that book is to the effect that the American form of government has outlived its usefulness, and that the Constitution of the United States is a plot against the common people of this country. That was the message of the principal authority relied on by the Chief Justice of the United States in this farreaching decision. T H E COOPERATIVE SOCIAL EXPERTS NAMES AND ORGANIZATIONS Myrdal shows that his book was the work of several so-called social experts furnished him by the Carnegie Founda­ The names and organizations with which the Myrdal advisers were affili­ ated are as follows: 846518—54674 �11 Frank Boas was 1 of 17 liberal leaders who signed a letter addressed to Ameri­ can Civil Liberties Union, supporting the Soviet Union; chairman of the American Committee for Democracy and Intellec­ tual Freedom, successor to the Commu­ nist front, the Scientists’ Committee; af­ filiated with the American Committee for Protection of Foreign Born; member of the American Committee To Save Ref­ ugees; affiliated with American League for Peace and Democracy; member of the National Council of the American Peace Mobilization; affiliated with the Citizens Committee To Free Earl Brow­ der; affiliated with Committee To De­ fend America by Keeping Out of the War; member of the Provisional Com­ mittee of the Conference on Constitu­ tional Liberties in America; on advisory board of Films for Democracy; member of John Reed Clubs; member of Na­ tional Emergency Conference for Demo­ cratic Rights; associated with National Federation for Constitution Liberties; affiliated with People’s Peace; supported the Stalin-Hitler Line Committee To De­ fend America by Keeping Out of War; member of Russian War Relief, Inc.; signer of the statement defending the Communist Party; and listed as a wellknown Communist and sponsor of Young People’s Records. All these Frank Boas organizations were shown to be Communist or Commu­ nist-front organizations in the official 1948 California report. W. E. B. DuBois was a member of the National Committee of All-America Anti-Imperialist League; member of the American Committee for Indonesian In­ dependence; affiliated with American League for Peace and Democracy; spon­ sor of China Conference Arrangements Committee; affiliated with Citizens Com­ mittee To Free Earl Browder; consultant to Committee for a Democratic Eastern Policy; contributed to the Communist official organ, the Daily Worker; and a 346518—54674 signer of the Golden Book of American Friendship With the Soviet Union. These organizations are listed as Com­ munist or fronts: Alain Locke was affiliated with Amer­ ican League for Peace and Democracy; sponsor of China Conference Arrange­ ments Committee; sponsor of Conference on Constitutional Liberties in America; signer of Golden Book of American Friendship With the Soviet Union; among the instructors and guest lec­ turers of Jefferson School of Social Science; associated with National Fed­ eration for Constitutional Liberties; signer of Statement Defending the Com­ munist Party; and member of Board of Sponsors of People's Songs, Inc. All these are listed as Communist fronts and Communist organizations. Ira dea Reid was affiliated with Amer­ ican Committee for Protection of For­ eign Born; affiliated with Citizens Com­ mittee To Free Earl Browder; member of national board of National ShareCroppers Funds; and affiliated with Na­ tional Citizens’ Political Action Commit­ tee ; American Committee for Protection of Foreign Born; American League Against War and Fascism; Citizens Com­ mittee To Free Earl Browder; National Federation for Constitutional Liberties; and Southern Conference for Human Welfare. All these organizations are listed as Communist or Communist fronts. Doxey Wilkerson was consultant to the Committee for a Democratic Eastern Policy, which is listed as a Communistfront organization. Ruth Benedict, according to the Daily Worker of March 31, 1947, page 11, was the coauthor of a pamphlet The Races of Mankind, which the War Department banned. Charles S. Johnson was national vice chairman of National Share-Croppers Fund; affiliated with American Com­ mittee for Protection of Foreign Born; �12 National Federation for Constitutional Liberties; and Southern Conference for Human Welfare. These organizations were listed as Communist fronts. Clark Foreman was one of the initia­ tors of a National Congress on Civil Rights, out of which emerged the Civil Rights Congress; speaker a t conference and vice chairman of National Com­ mittee To Win the Peace; and vice chair­ man of Progressive Citizens of America. These organizations are listed as Com­ munist fronts. Arthur Raper was a member of na­ tional board of National Sharecroppers Fund; affiliated with Council of Young Southerners; League of Young South­ erners; and Southern Conference for Human Welfare. These organizations were listed as Communist fronts. Lewis Webster Jones was national sponsor of the National Council of American-Soviet Friendship, successor to the discredited Communist front, the Friends of the Soviet Union. Rose Nelson was listed as Communist or Communist fellow-traveler, and text­ book writer for use in public schools. Sterling Brown was affiliated with League of American Writers, which is a Communist-front organization. Eveline Burns was listed as Commu­ nist, textbook writer, and member of Citizens’ Committee for Better Educa­ tion, a Communist front. Thomas Jones was advocate of United Negro and Allied Veterans of America, cited as a Communist-front organization. T. Arnold Hill was cooperator-sponsor of Social Work Today which is a Com­ munist periodical. One of the so-called social scientists who also contributed to the writing Myrdal’s An American Dilemma adopted by the Supreme Court as its authority on modern psychology, was none other than E. Franklin Frazier, 846518—54674 whose 18 Communist organizations con­ nections I have already given. An American Dilemma was written in largest part by American Communist front members, such as E. Franklin Frazier, who contributed to 28 portions of the book, and W. E. B. DuBois, who contributed to 82 different portions of the book. Altogether the Communist front members identified with Myrdal’s An American Dilemma contributed to 272 different articles and portions of the book officially adopted by the Communist Party and by the Supreme Court as its authority for its racial integration de­ cision of May 17, 1954. That is the true picture presented by an analysis from the records of the de­ cision of the United States Supreme Court in the school segregation cases. How can the Court expect the Ameri­ can people to accept its decision to change the accepted meaning of the fun­ damental principles of our Constitution when its decision is contrary to every other decision of the United States Su­ preme Court on the same question, and when its decision is now based on its adoption of members of Communist or­ ganizations and Communist writings as its authority to change fundamental principles of the Constitution? This same Gunnar Myrdal has re­ cently appeared in the news as directing the staff of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe in the prepara­ tion of a report regarding the foreign operation of the American Oil Industry. Myrdal’s Commission feels that Ameri­ can oil companies “overcharged” their European customers for Middle Eastern oil, and hinted that some sort of inter­ national price control is the indicated remedy. SATURDAY EVENING POST COMMENT ON MYRDAL The Saturday Evening Post comments editorially that Myrdal is a Swedish Socialist. I quote: The author of a report on the race prob­ lem in the United States. In the course of �13 this “monumental work" Myrdal described the adoption of the United States Consti­ tution as "nearly a plot against the common people.” I t asks, Is Myrdal the best author­ ity a U. N. agency could rely on for a com­ plicated study of the oil industry? It is a tragic commentary on the in­ telligence and judgment of the members of the United States Supreme Court that they would override the Constitution on the alleged evidence and opinion of such a “psychological” authority. It is the final indication as to the degree and ex­ tent that the Court has been “brain­ washed” by pressure groups and is will­ ing to sacrifice the people, the Constitu­ tion, and established law to communistic and socialistic dogma and principles. Mr. President, it is evident that the decision of the Supreme Court in the school segregation cases was based upon the writings and teachings of pro-Communist agitators and other enemies of the American form of government. The Chief Justice of the United States actu­ ally cites as authority for his decision a book, the thesis of which is that the Constitution of the United States is “im­ practical and unsuited to modern con­ ditions” and its adoption was “nearly a plot against the common people.” Our country has come to a sorry state of affairs when the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, speaking for all the members of the Court, should cite, as his authority for a decision, a book com­ piled by an alien who advocates the destruction of the American form of government—the very form of govern­ ment which this Chief Justice and this Court are sworn to uphold. SOUTH W ILL NOT OBEY DECISION Mr. President, the question is asked. Will the South obey this decision of the 34S518—54674 Supreme Court? Who is obligated mor­ ally or legally to obey a decision whose authorities rest not upon the law but upon the writings and teachings of proCommunist agitators and people who have a long record of affiliations with anti-American causes and with agi­ tators who are part and parcel of the Communist conspiracy to destroy our country? From the beginning of the Republic, the judiciary, the Congress, the executive branch of the Government, and all the States have recognized that a State has the power under the Con­ stitution to segregate children in its schools because of race. The Supreme Court of the United States has consist­ ently so held throughout the years. Any person is credulous indeed to believe that southern people will permit all this to be swept aside by a Court who relies for its authority not upon the law but upon pro-Communist agitators and enemies of our system of government. Mr. President, for the welfare of America, the resolution to investigate this setup should be adopted. Mr. JOHNSTON of South Carolina. Mr. President, I wish to join the Sen­ ator from Mississippi in sponsoring the resolution. Mr. EASTLAND. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the name of the distinguished Senator from South Caro­ lina [Mr. J o h n s t o n 1 be added as a co­ sponsor of the resolution. Mr. JOHNSTON of South Carolina. I make the request in view of the fact that the Subcommittee on Internal Se­ curity has been making a study of the subject. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered. o � https://projectdaps.org/files/original/0a3e9e54241533138a90cf30d2ef52f4.jpg be1c08c320508945baa9b4004b35e9a8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource RG 94, Arlingtonians for a Better County (ABC) Organizational Records Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Supreme Court's "Modern Scientific Authorities" in the Segregation Cases Description An account of the resource Speech of Hon. James O. Eastland of Mississippi in the Senate of the United States. 13 pages Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1955-05-26 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived RG 94, Arlingtonians for a Better County (ABC) Organizational Records Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hon. James O. Eastland Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1950s Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This image is subject to copyright. Unauthorized use of the images in the Local History Collections of the Arlington Community Archives is prohibited. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 94_16_8_9 https://projectdaps.org/files/original/2c2b2c7d6240687af5a338b3326b6549.pdf 514032be4cb62f2fcdafa093d885be63 PDF Text Text PACTS CONCERNING SEGREGATION AND INTEGRATION Issued by the Arlington, Virginia, public schools November, 1954 Following the Supreme Court decision last May concerning segregation in public schools of the United States, the Arlington School Board on June 12 appointed a Committee to Study Problems of Integration in the schools of the county. In Arlington, as in all other parts of Virginia, segre­ gation of the races is not only traditional, but it is required by state law and the State Constitution, In light of this situation, the Integration Committee of 30 citizens was named to give the School Board help and counsel in planning for the future. The Integration Committee has held two meetings. One, on June 23rd, was for purposes of organization. At the second meeting October 18th, the members of the Integration Committee voted unani­ mously to recommend to the School Board that the community be kept informed as to every move in the adjustment between segregated schools and integrated schools. The committee asked that a “factual reporting sheet® be published for community distribution, setting forth briefly all important developments relating to the matter of integration on local, state and national levels. This is the first issue of the factual reporting sheet. Pending further action by the Supreme Court and the State of Vir­ ginia, the Arlington School Board urges citizens to study the facts Until further decisions are made by federal and state authorities, statements involving proposed action are likely to make the final solution more difficult. Signed; T. Edward Rutter, Superintendent of Schools Elizabeth P. Campbell, Chairman, School Board Barnard Joy E. R. Draheim Warren Cox L. Clark Keating SUPREME COURT DECISION The United States Supreme Court on May 17, 1954 ruled that public school segregation of white and colored pupils is unconsti­ tutional. The ruling read in part; “Segregation of white and colored children in public schools has a detrimental effect upon the colored children. The impact is greater when it has the sanction of the law; for the policy of separating the races is usually inter­ preted as denoting the inferiority of the Negro group. A �- 2 - sense of inferiority affects the motivation of a child to learn. Segregation with the sanction of law, there­ fore, has a tendency to retard the educational and mental development of Negro children and to deprive them of some of the benefits they would receive in a racially integrated school system. "We conclude that in the field of public education the doctrine of ’separate but equal' has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal. Therefore, we hold that the plaintiffs and others simi­ larly situated for whom the actions have been brought are, by reason of the segregation complained of, deprived of the equal protection of the law guaranteed by the Four­ teenth Amendment." The Supreme Court then set for argument, at its 1954 fall term, several questions concerning public school integration, among which is the following; "Might the Court exercise its powers for a gradual ad­ justment from segregated to nonsegregated schools?" White and Negro School Enrollment in Arlington - September 30. 1954 Arlington has five public schools for Negro students with a total enrollment this year of 1165 pupils. White public school en­ rollment totals 19,350 in 39 different school buildings. Negro en­ rollment is slightly less than 6$ of the total. The white and colored enrollment in the county is distri­ buted by age groups as follows; Elementary (Grades 1 through 6) Junior high (Grades 7 through 9) Senior high (Grades 10 through 12) Negro 766 277 122 White 11,576 4,393 3,107 The colored school buildings in Arlington, with their lo­ cations and the number of pupils enrolled in each are as follows; 1. Hoffman-Boston junior-senior high school, 1415 South Queen Street. This building houses all negro junior and senior high school students in Arlington public schools, 399 in all. (116 in seventh grade, 90 in eighth, 71 in ninth, 59 in tenth, 30 in eleventh, and 33 in twelfth.) �2. 3. 4. 5. Drew elementary school, 25th and South Lincoln Streets, 296 pupils. Hoffman-Boston elementary school, 1520 South 14th Street, 151 pupils. Kemper elementary school, 2035 South Lincoln Street, 123 pupils. Langston elementary school, 4854 Lee Highway, 196 pupils. The Drew-ICemper schools are administered as one elementary unit. White and Negro Teachers The number of white and colored classroom teachers and li­ brarians in the Arlington public schools is as follows? Classroom teachers Librarians Negro 50 2 White 776 29 Teachers and librarians in Arlington8s white and colored schools must meet identical requirements as to training and state certification. All employees in the Arlington schools are paid on the same salary scale. A beginning teacher in the Arlington schools, holding a bachelor's degree from an accredited college or university but without experience in a regular teaching position, is now paid $3300 a year. Annual increases are given to a maximum of $5,000 for teachers with bachelor's degrees. A teacher with a master's degree is paid $3600 as a begin­ ning salary and may advance to $5500. Arlington has two Negro school principals and one Negro in­ structional supervisor. Children in all Arlington public schools receive regular in­ struction from specially trained helping teachers in the fields of music, art, physical education and speech. Decision by State Attorney General Ten days after the Supreme Court decision outlawing segre­ gation, Attorney General J. Lindsay Almond, Jr., of Virginia, ren­ dered the opinion that the provision of the Virginia Constitution and that in the state school law providing for segregated public schools (as quoted below) are still in force. The Supreme Court decision of May 17th included an announce­ ment that the high court would hold a later hearing (now set for December 6th) to determine how integration should be put into effect. The ruling by Attorney General Almond referred to the announce­ ment by the Supreme Court that it would hold a later hearing. Mr. Almond's ruling read? �- 4 "Pending Section 140 ute enacted imbued with a final adjudication, it is my opinion that of the Constitution of Virginia, and the stat­ pursuant thereto, remain intact and unimpaired, full legal validity and efficacy." Ruling by State Superintendent of Public Instruction The Superintendent of Public Instruction in the State of Virginia on May 27th directed all city and county school superin­ tendents to proceed with plans for the 1954-55 school year on the same basis of segregation as that which was previously in effect. Virginia Law Arlington operates its public schools under the authority of the Virginia State Board of Education, as regulated by the State Con­ stitution and the Code of Virginia. The Constitution of Virginia provides in Article IX; "Free schools to be maintained--The General Assembly shall es­ tablish and maintain an efficient system of public free schools throughout the State. Section 129. (The public school system was established in 1870, as required by the new Constitution adopted the year before.) "Compulsory education— The General Assembly may, in its dis­ cretion, provide for the compulsory education of children of school age." Section 138, (The first compulsory attendance law was passed in 1918.) "Mixed schools prohibited— White and colored children shall not be taught in the same school." Section 140. Virginia Schools Law®, in the Code of Virginia, amplify the provisions of the State Constitution as follows; Article 1, Section 22-221. "White and colored persons— -White and colored persons shall not be taught in the same school, but shall be taught in separate schools, under the same general regulations as to management, usefulness and efficiency." Under this section the following explanation is given, based on court decisions; "Equal facilities must be afforded to each race where there is segregation in the public schools. "Absolute equality is impractical, yet substantial equality is required by the mandate of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. Questions of mere expediency or the difficulties which school authorities may have in securing that constitutional right may not be considered." Article 4, Section 22-251. "Compulsory Attendance— Ages of chil­ dren required to attend.— Every parent, guardian, or other person in the Commonwealth, having control or charge of any child, or children. �V - 5 who have reached the seventh birthday and have not passed the sixteenth birthday, shall send such child, or children, to a pub­ lic school, or to a private, denominational or parochial school, or have such child or children taught by a tutor or teacher of qualification prescribed by the State Board and approved by the division superintendent in a home, and such child, or children, shall regularly attend such school during the period of each year the public schools are in session and for the same number of days and hours per day as in the public schools,* Other Developments in Virginia. A poll of Virginia legislators, both delegates and sena­ tors, was taken during the summer and showed a strong desire to retain some form of segregated schools in Virginia, On August 28th, Governor Stanley appointed a 32-member com­ mission of the General Assembly to frame a state policy on the issue of school segregation. Two Arlington men. State Senator Charles Fenwick and Delegate Maynard Magruder, are members of this commission. Announcement has now been made that the commission appointed by Governor Stanley will hold a public hearing on November 15th at the State Capitol at Richmond. At this hearing, spokesmen for local governing bodies will appear to present their points of view with regard to the matter of segregation and integration. The Arlington County Board appointed County Manager A. T. Lundberg to attend the hearing as an observer, and at the same time referred to the county school board the invitation to attend the meeting. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource RG 94, Arlingtonians for a Better County (ABC) Organizational Records Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Facts Concerning Segregation and Integration Description An account of the resource Fact sheet issued by Arlington Public Schools regarding segregation and Integration. 5 pages Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1954-11 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived RG 94, Arlingtonians for a Better County (ABC) Organizational Records Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Arlington Public Schools Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1950s Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This image is subject to copyright. Unauthorized use of the images in the Local History Collections of the Arlington Community Archives is prohibited. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 94_16_8_4 https://projectdaps.org/files/original/66889b28153d048bc49019851e47882e.pdf 3a32c3a3c649eed4f5f281e02949d20f PDF Text Text VOTE JANUARY 9 A G A IN ST THE CONVENTION S h all th ere be a c o n v e n tio n to revise the C on stitu tion and am en d th e sam e? F or th e co n v en tio n ]Xf A g a in st th e co n v en tio n ‘ on 't S tyt D AGAINST ......... T h r e a t to th e p u b lic s c h o o ls o f V irg in ia AGAINST......... ......... H a s ty c h a n g e o f th e V irg in ia C o n s titu tio n AGAINST ......... U n n e c e s s a ry c h a n g e in th e V irg in ia C o n s titu tio n AG AINST......... ......... D a n g e r o f h ig h e r ta x e s A G A IN S T........ ......... E x p e n s iv e litig a tio n AGAINST ........__ __ O b s ta c le s to V ir g in ia ’s in d u s tr ia l f u t u r e P r e p a re d b y Lea g u e o f W o m e n V o te rs o f V irg in ia DISTRIBUTED BY THE VIRGINIA SOCIETY FOR THE PRESERVATION OF PUBLIC SCHOOLS ROOM 470, HOTEL RICHMOND, RICHMOND, VA. 112 (over) �VOTE JANUARY 9 AGAINST THE CONVENTION AMENDING SECTION 141 OF THE CONSTITUTION TO AUTHORIZE A TUITION GRANT PROGRAM WOULD BE . . . The tuition g ra n t prog ram w o u ld not preven t localities from a b a n ­ INEFFECTIVE doning their public schools. O n the c o n tra ry , it e n c o u ra g e s th e m to d o so. S pokesm en fo r th e p la n d o n o t a g re e on w h a t th e s ta te has to d o to f u lf ill its o b lig a tio n to m a in ta in a system o f fre e p u b lic schools. It is unwise to change the Constitution in haste. HASTY. W e a re b e in g a sked to a p p ro v e in a d v a n c e a m a jo r c h a n g e in o u r b asic la w , w ith o u t k n o w in g th e e x a c t p ro v is io n s o f th e c o n s titu tio n a l a m e n d ­ m e n t o r th e im p le m e n tin g le g is la tio n . Even a m in o r c h a n g e u s u a lly re q u ire s a p p ro v a l b y tw o sessions o f th e G e n e ra l A s s e m b ly p lu s a p p ro v a l b y th e vo te rs. I The proposed change in the Constitution is not necessary. UNNECESSARY The I G e n e ra l A s s e m b ly can e n a ct a ll le g is la tio n nece ssa ry to d e a l w ith I th e p ro b le m s posed b y th e U. S. S u p re m e C o u rt decisio n w ith o u t I a m e n d in g th e sta te c o n s titu tio n . There is no w a y to estim ate the cost of the tuition g ra n t prog ram . COSTLY.. W e w o u ld , in e ffe c t, be s ig n in g a b la n k check. The tu itio n g r a n t p ro g ra m in tro d u ce s u n c e rta in ty a n d c o n fu s io n in s ta te a n d loca l b u d g e t-m a k in g . The m ore tu itio n g ra n ts m a d e , th e m o re m o n e y it w o u ld cost th e sta te . I There are g ra v e doubts as to the constitutionality o f the tuition UNCONSTITUTIONAL. g ra n t p lan . The use o f p u b lic fu n d s fo r tu itio n g ra n ts w o u ld be s u b je ct to im m e d ia te le g a l a tta c k , a n d som e o f th e p ro p o n e n ts I th e m se lve s a g re e th a t th e p la n w o u ld la s t o n ly a fe w ye a rs . The unsettled condition o f th e public school system w o u ld be a UNECONOMIC... dete rre n t to the industrial g ro w th of the state. U n c e rta in tie s in th e school s itu a tio n h a v e a lre a d y h a d a n a d v e rs e e ffe c t on th e sa le o f school b o n d s; th e tu itio n g r a n t p la n w o u ld incre a se these u n c e rta in tie s . In d u s try w o u ld be h e s ita n t a b o u t lo c a tin g w h e re p u b lic s ch o o lin g w o u ld n o t be a v a ila b le fo r th e c h ild re n o f its e m p lo ye e s. IF YOU OBJECT TO THE USE OF PUBLIC MONEY FOR PRIVATE SCHOOLS, VOTE ON JANUARY 9 AGAINST THE CONVENTION (o ve r) � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource RG 94, Arlingtonians for a Better County (ABC) Organizational Records Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vote January 9 Against the Convention Description An account of the resource Flyer promoting a vote against a convention to revise and amend the Constitution to authorize a tuition grant program, prepared by the League of Women Voters of Virginia, Distributed by the Virginia Society for the Preservation of Public Schools. Two pages (two sides) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource No date Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived RG 94, Arlingtonians for a Better County (ABC) Organizational Records Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource League of Women Voters of Virginia Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant unknown Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This image is subject to copyright. Unauthorized use of the images in the Local History Collections of the Arlington Community Archives is prohibited. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 94_16_8_3 https://projectdaps.org/files/original/29119c4b29d9e1f422227d3fc8f207d9.pdf c1a60a8f638633368848aab2becd3a5e PDF Text Text VOTE JANUARY 9 AGAINST THE CONVENTION S h a ll t h e r e b e a c o n v e n t i o n t o r e v i s e th e C o n s t i t u t i o n an ti a m e n d t h e s a m e ? F or jX f th e c o n v e n tio n A g a in s t t h e c o n v e n t i o n ‘ on 't S iy n ?4 D A G A IN S T....... ...... T h r e a t t o th e p u b l i c S i l S N S T ........ ...... H a s ty c h a n g e o f t h e V ir g in ia A G A IN S T....... ...... U n n e c e s s a r y c h a n g e in A G A IN S T ........ ...... D a n g e r o f h ig h e r ta x e s A G A IN S T...... s c h o o ls o f V ir g in ia C o n s t it u t io n t h e V ir g in ia C o n s t it u t io n ...... E x p e n s i v e lit ig a t io n A G A IN S T........ ..... O b s t a c le s t o V ir g in ia ’ in d u s t r ia l f u t u r e s Prepared by League o f W o m e n V o te rs o f V ir g in ia DISTRIBUTED BY THE VIRGINIA SOCIETY FOR THE PRESERVATION OF PUBLIC SCHOOLS ROOM 470, HOTEL RICHMOND, RICHMOND, VA. 112 (o v e r) �VOTE JANUARY 9 A G AINST THE CONVENTION AMENDING SECTION 141 OF THE CONSTITUTION TO AUTHORIZE A TUITION GRANT PROGRAM WOULD BE . . . The tuition g rant prog ram w o uld not prevent localities from a b a n ­ INEFFECTIVE doning their public schools. O n th e c o n tra ry , it e n c o u ra g e s th e m to d o so. Spokesm en fo r th e p la n d o n o t a g re e on w h a t th e s ta te has to d o to f u lf ill its o b lig a tio n to m a in ta in a system o f fre e p u b lic schools. It is unwise to change the Constitution in haste. HASTY.... W e a re b e in g a sked to a p p ro v e in a d v a n c e a m a jo r c h a n g e in o u r b asic la w , w ith o u t k n o w in g th e e x a c t p ro v is io n s o f th e c o n s titu tio n a l a m e n d ­ m e n t or th e im p le m e n tin g le g is la tio n . Even a m in o r c h a n g e u s u a lly re q u ire s a p p ro v a l b y tw o sessions o f th e G e n e ra l A s s e m b ly p lu s a p p ro v a l b y th e vo te rs. The proposed change in the Constitution is not necessary. UNNECESSARY.... The G e n e ra l A s s e m b ly can e n a ct a ll le g is la tio n necessary to d e a l w ith th e p ro b le m s posed b y th e U. S. S u p re m e C o u rt d ecisio n w ith o u t a m e n d in g th e sta te c o n s titu tio n . There is no w a y to estim ate the cost of the tuition g ra n t pro g ra m . COSTLY W e w o u ld , in e ffe c t, be s ig n in g a b la n k check. The tu itio n g r a n t p ro g ra m in tro d u ce s u n c e rta in ty a n d co n fu s io n in s ta te a n d lo c a l b u d g e t-m a k in g . The m o re tu itio n g ra n ts m a d e , th e m o re m o n e y it w o u ld cost th e sta te . There are g ra ve doubts as to the constitutionality of the tuition UNCONSTITUTIONAL g ra n t plan . The use o f p u b lic fu n d s fo r tu itio n g ra n ts w o u ld be s u b je ct to im m e d ia te le g a l a tta c k , a n d som e o f th e p ro p o n e n ts th e m se lve s a g re e th a t th e p la n w o u ld la s t o n ly a fe w ye a rs . The unsettled condition o f the public school system w o u ld be a UNECONOMIC.... deterrent to the industrial g ro w th o f the state. U n c e rta in tie s in th e school s itu a tio n h a v e a lre a d y h a d a n a d v e rs e e ffe c t on th e sa le o f school b o n d s; th e tu itio n g r a n t p la n w o u ld incre a se these u n c e rta in tie s . In d u s try w o u ld be h e s ita n t a b o u t lo c a tin g w h e re p u b lic s ch o o lin g w o u ld n o t be a v a ila b le fo r th e c h ild re n o f its e m p lo ye e s. IF YOU OBJECT TO THE USE OF PUBLIC MONEY FOB PRIVATE SCHOOLS, VOTE ON JANUARY 9 ACAINST THE CONVENTION (o ve r) � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource RG 94, Arlingtonians for a Better County (ABC) Organizational Records Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vote January 9 Against the Convention Description An account of the resource Flyer promoting a vote against a convention to revise and amend the Constitution to authorize a tuition grant program, prepared by the League of Women Voters of Virginia, Distributed by the Virginia Society for the Preservation of Public Schools. Two pages (two sides) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource No date Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived RG 94, Arlingtonians for a Better County (ABC) Organizational Records Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource League of Women Voters of Virginia Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant unknown Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This image is subject to copyright. Unauthorized use of the images in the Local History Collections of the Arlington Community Archives is prohibited. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 94_16_8_2 https://projectdaps.org/files/original/ef87672dac99169215272c0bc3fd59de.pdf be94398f2a7e84743d3a787017552aac PDF Text Text 'Recollections and Letters of Ceneral Robert S. Lee By his son. Captain Robert E. Lee Published by Garden City Publishing Company, Inc., Garden City, Hew York Copyright, 1904, 1924, by Doubleday, Page & Company. p. 210 " The love and devotion shown toy father by all the people of the South was deeply appreciated by him. He longed to help them, but was almost powerless. I think he felt that something could be done in that direction by teaching and training their youth, and I am sure this idea greatly influenced him in d• elding to accept the presidency of Washington College. The advantages to the South of a proper education of her youth were very evid nt to him. He strongly urged it wherever and when­ ever he could. In a letter written at this time to the Reverend G. W. Leyburn, he speak3 very forcibly on the subject: 'So greatly have those Interests (educational) been disturbed at the South, and so much docs its future oonditio depend upon the rising generation, that I Cjnsider the proper education of its youth one of the most important objects now to be attained, and one from which the greatest benefits may be expected. Nothing will compensate us for the depression of the standard of our moral and intellectual culture, and each State should take the most energetic measures to revive the schools and colleges, and, if possible, to increase the facilities for instructio , and to elevate the standard of learning...• " Again, in a letter to General J0hn B. Gordon, written December, 1867, he says: 'The thorough education of all classes of the people is the most efficaoious means, in my opinion, of promoting the prosperity of the South, The material Interest of Its oitizens, as well as their moral and intellectual culture, depend upon its accomplishment. The text-books of our schools, therefore, should not only be clear, systematic, and scientific, but they should be acceptable to parents and pupils in order to en­ list the minds of ail in the subjects. ' " � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource RG 94, Arlingtonians for a Better County (ABC) Organizational Records Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Recollections and Letters of General Robert E. Lee Description An account of the resource Page 210 of document written by General Robert E. Lee by his son, Captain Robert E. Lee, regarding General Lee's dedication to education in the south. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource No date Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived RG 94, Arlingtonians for a Better County (ABC) Organizational Records Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Captain Robert E. Lee Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1920s (document copyright) 1860s (document content) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This image is subject to copyright. Unauthorized use of the images in the Local History Collections of the Arlington Community Archives is prohibited. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 94_16_8_1 https://projectdaps.org/files/original/a6c637bca7ace60c234f5a799b157c6a.pdf 283fd58c384a640934a259294166797d PDF Text Text G O T O THE POLLS O N TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 7 AND VOTE FOR SCHOOL BONDS (Polls Open 6 a.m. to 6 p.m.) (1. The children are HERE....................................................19,100 pupils enrolled by 1952. (2. The buildings are N O T here..................................... 13,020 pupil capacity in present schools. HERE'S WHY (3. W e can’ educate children without BUILDINGS....................... 6,080 pupil capacity shortage by 1952 if nothing is done. t (4. W e can’build the buildings without a bond issue. t There is no other way to raise $7,450,000 for these needs. THESE FACTS ARE SO CLEAR TH A T THOSE W H O MAY BE OPPOSED T O THE SCHOOL BONDS HAVE NEVER EVEN TRIED T O REFUTE THEM. INSTEAD, THEY HAVE DISTORTED THE FIGURES T O CONFUSE CITIZENS W ITH INACCURACIES AND MISLEADING SIDE-ISSUES 1. Y ou may necessary?” have heard: "Is this bond issue really T H E FACTS ARE: It is. Because there are now more children in Arlington o f pre-school age than there are in all twelve grades in the schools! Each year for at least four years there w ill be approximately 1500 more pupils in the school system than before; the figures above show that the need w ill be even greater. 3. Also: "Is Arlington's debt load too heavy?” THE FACTS: Arlington’ fiscal condition is com ­ s pletely sound. O ur debt level is low. It is only 2.96% o f the total o f the true value o f property. The average for 75 other comparable communities is 4.7%, according to Dun & Bradstreet. Bonds can be paid off at low interest rates over 25 years. Communities, like families, normally finance capital expenditures by borrow ing and spreading the costs. W e should PAY AS W E USE. 2. Some have asked: "Couldn’ the children be squeezed t into existing sch ool facilities for the next few years?” 4. They say: "A rlington’ schools are expensive. s contain frills.” T H E A N SW ER IS: No! The senior high school is already badly over-crowded with 2300 pupils, and in the junior high schools ready to move up to senior high, are 3200 children. In grades 4, 5, and 6, preparing to take the place of the 3200 are 4200 children! There simply is not room! Already m ore than 1500 children are being taught in emergency quarters in church and sch ool basements, etc. started) against $1.00 and up per cubic foot o f space in other comparable communities. Professor H arold F. Clark, Colum bia University, said recently, "In fact, it is extremely rare to find a (school) project in the northeastern part o f the United States that is running as low as $1 per cubic foot.” "A building should be judged on its own merits rather than in comparison with another building at a different location in determining whether or not its cost is reason­ able” R. Claude Graham, Director, D ivision o f Research — & Planning, V irginia State Department o f Education. T H E FACTS: The new school buildings are sim ple in design, with no waste space and with econom ical multi­ purpose room s instead o f separate room s for gymnasium, auditorium, cafeteria, etc. A ll contracts have been let to the lowest bidder. The result is good, solid, lasting construc­ tion but no frills. VOTE FOR SCHOOL BONDS They Actually, Arlington’ elementary school building cubic foot s costs have ranged from 72c (Glencarlyn elementary school) to 99c (McKinley school; contract let after Korean war VISIT YOU R SCHOOLS A N D SEE FOR YOURSELF PAY AS WE USE VOTE FOR SCHOOL BONDS P S .: The CCSl has been working for years to raise the per pupil annual operating investment in Arlington’ education. Our average per pupil rate is still s below the National average, but we are pleased that the School Board has progressively raised the level. This has meant more teachers with more adequate pay; reduced half-day sessions; reduced classroom load; more adequate staff, etc. Consequently, W E COMMEND THE SCHOOL BOARD—IT IS D O IN G A FINE JOB The Citizens Committee for School Improvement is a county-wide organization, open to all citizens, devoted solely to the improvement o f Arlington’ schools. s �COUNTY BOARD CANDIDATES9 Prom ises, Platform s and R ecords on Schools The County Board controls the purse-strings. It is, therefore, extremely impor­ tant that we elect a County Board member who is fully smpathetic to our public school needs. The Citizens Committee for School Improvement again presents the pertinent facts on the County Board candidates for YOUR appraisal: DANIEL A. DU G AN FRED W. BACH JACOB BECHTEL 1 PUBLISHED PLATFORM: Advocates . "Continued cooperation between County & School Boards”and carrying forward o f the master plan for essential capital improve­ ments including schools. 1. PUBLISHED PLATFORM : None, as this goes to press. 1. PUBLISHED PLATFORM: None, as this goes to press. 2. SCHOOL BON DS: Support o f present and previous school bond issues without reservation. 2. SCH O OL B O N D S : Support, with reser­ vations, o f present school bond issue. But he says “ bond issue should be broken down” and voted separately. 2. SCHOOL BON D S: Has opposed all pre­ vious school bond issues. Stand on present bond issue not clear. 3. SCHOOL BUDGETS: Has supported all budgets for school improvements during his term of office. Voted in 1948 and 1949 against budget cuts which resulted in post­ ponement o f full-day sessions, essential build­ ing repairs and teacher salary increases. 3. SCH O O L BU D G ETS: "In view o f our pressing school needs for years to come— I intend to speak out for the utmost in common-sense economy.” 3. SCHOOL BUDGETS: Has opposed all increases in operating expenditures. 4. PERTIN EN T PUBLIC STATEMENT O N SCH O OLS: "T h e type o f school con­ struction in A rlington should be directed primarily to adequate educational facilities and our money should not be spent on unnecessary trimmings.” 4. PERTINENT PUBLIC STATEM EN T: "If this bond issue does not g o through I ’ m g oin g to find the money to build them like they used to build them.” 5. SCHOOLS PA T R O N IZED : T w o children attend St. Charles School. One child is of pre-school age. 5. SCHOOLS PATRON IZED : N o children. 4. PERTINENT PUBLIC STATEM ENT O N SCHOOLS: "The facts demonstrate be­ yond question the need for m ore school buildings.” 5. SCHOOLS PA TR ON IZED : O nly child attends Stonewall Jackson public school. YOUR INTERPRETATION OF THESE COMPARISONS A N D H O W YOU VOTE WILL VITALLY AFFECT THE FUTURE OF ARLINGTON’ SCHOOL CHILDREN S (Polls Open 6 a.m. to 6 p.m.) VOTE FOR SCHOOL BONDS THE CITIZENS COMMITTEE FOR SCHOOL IMPROVEMENT Central Station, Box 1662 Arlington, Virginia EDUCATION MOLDS OUR FUTURE i Sec. 34.66, P. L. & R. U. S. POSTAGE PAID Arlington, Va. Permit No. 193 Lbo J. 8 Theresa X. Urbanske c 1110 S. 15th S t. A rlington , Va. 21 BETTER SCHOOL! MAKE BETTER COMMUNITIES OUR CHILDREN’ FUTURE IS IN YOUR H A N D S W H EN YOU V OTE NOV. 7 Arlington, Virginia � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource RG 94, Arlingtonians for a Better County (ABC) Organizational Records Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Flyer: "Go to the Polls On Tuesday, November 7 and Vote for School Bonds" Description An account of the resource Flyer: "Go to the Polls On Tuesday, November 7 and Vote for School Bonds". pages. Second page: lyer: Campaign flyer showing Arlington County Board candidates, Daniel A. Dugan, Fred W. Bach and Jacob Bechtel's, latforms and records on schools. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource No date Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived RG 94, Arlingtonians for a Better County (ABC) Organizational Records Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Citizens Committee for School Improvement Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant unknown Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This image is subject to copyright. nauthorized use of the images in the Local History Collections of the Arlington Community Archives is prohibited. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 94_1_2_34 https://projectdaps.org/files/original/4ebe1f19a25b10bf006d10d4ea1f6364.pdf 170c5a5fe409955dcf3908f02a571a6d PDF Text Text ARLINGTONIANS FOR A BETTER COUNTY URGE YOU TO VOTE YES ON BONDS CONTINUE ARLINGTON’S TRADITION OF EXCELLENCE SUPPORT: Schools Arlington schools need new boilers, heating and air conditioning improve­ ments, science lab renovations, additional classroom space, adaptations for the handicapped and exterior improvements. New County Jail An adequate jail is a necessity for a growing community dedicated to ensuring safe and humane facilities. y CM Clean Water Q, 7 Arlington needs to expand its Water Pollution Control Plant to meet the need for a 30% increase over the existing capacity by the year 2010. A proactive approach now will ensure that there is enough clean water in the future. Parks Arlington's parks are an oasis in an urban setting; we urge you to enhance and preserve this county treasure. LM Streets and Highways / Lid Good roads and safe traffic patterns are essential to address the growing demands being placed on our streets. Community Conservation Arlington’s neighborhoods are the fabric of our community; help us con­ tinue this unique county program. REMEMBER: Bond Financing Bond financing is fiscally sound policy. It helps keep property taxes at an even rate and continues Arlington's good credit history. Authorized by Arlingtonians for a Better County, Paul Michl. Chairman � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource RG 94, Arlingtonians for a Better County (ABC) Organizational Records Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Flyer: "Arlingtonians for a Better County Urge You to Vote Yes on Bonds" Description An account of the resource Flyer: "Arlingtonians for a Better County Urge You to Vote Yes on Bonds". Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource No date Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived RG 94, Arlingtonians for a Better County (ABC) Organizational Records Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Arlingtonians for a Better County Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant unknown Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This image is subject to copyright. nauthorized use of the images in the Local History Collections of the Arlington Community Archives is prohibited. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 94_1_2_33 https://projectdaps.org/files/original/96987362270fff1c6eb108e28562f9a5.pdf c56a412d2808e4296cfd9ef5bc769527 PDF Text Text CONTRIBUTORS TO ABC BONDS CAMPAIGN 1990 ANDERSON, Delwin M. BARRY, Janice M. BAXTER, Robert BLAND, Gary BOZMAN, Ellen M. BRADLEY, Sam BROBERG, Ralph COHEN, Marian C. DANIELS, Jessie C. DAVIS, Vernon E. FLAGG, Maurice GREENE, Myles L. HAKES, Robert A. HENLE, Peter JOHNSON, Paul B. JULIAN, Viola E. RANTER, Herschel KRUM, Steve M c Fa r l a n d , John MELLOR, Earl F. MORRISEY, John A. MOTHERAL, Cornelia NAGEL, Patricia Floyd NEUNER, Tillman O'NEAL, Louise PARKS, Barbara V. PICKERING, Richard C. PREWITT, Mildred Ristine ROBERTS, Lawrence SCOTT, Paul C SCOTT, Warren W. SQUAZZA, Edith STRAIN, Charles V. TAYLOR, Ted and Jean TEFERRA, Tsehaye TUCKER, Samue 1 ?V WAITS, William WILBER, Marjorie W. 2004 N Brandywine St 1834 N Ode St 5353 Columbia Pike #402 4666--B S 36th St 4219 N 39th St 07 4824 N 27th Place 4007 N Upland St 5516 S 3rd St 2716 N Kensington St 2408 N Florida St 2101 N Scott St #92 5415 S 3rd St 5500 N 11th Road 3411 N Woodrow St 2106 N Ohio St 4600 S Four Mile Run Drive #642 5726 N 28th St 2735 S Fort Scott Drive 4345 N 26th St 973 N Longfellow St 5023 N Washington Blvd 5201 Old Dominion Drive 4508 N 4th Road 3515 N Washington Blvd 1754 N Troy St #679 4300 S 35th St 5109 N 37th St 4339 N 26th St 2513 N Sycamore St 256 N Columbus St 2701 S 8th St 1850 Columbia Pike #505 4504 S Chesterfield Road 706 N Frederick St 1112 S Cleveland St 2300 N Washington Blvd #B-2 1831 N Patrick Henry Drive 07 09 04 06 07 07 07 04 07 07 09 04 05 07 05 04 07 02 07 05 05 07 03 01 01 06 07 07 07 03 04 04 06 03 04 07 01 05 25.00 25.00 25.00 15.00 25.00 25.00 20.00 25.00 10.00 15.00 50.00 50.00 10.00 25.00 20.00 5.00 50.00 50.00 50.00 25.00 25.00 50.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 10.00 25.00 10.00 25.00 25.00 35.00 10.00 35.00 25.00 25.00 35.00 15.00 15.00 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource RG 94, Arlingtonians for a Better County (ABC) Organizational Records Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource List: "Contributors to ABC Bonds Campaign 1990." Description An account of the resource List: "Contributors to ABC Bonds Campaign 1990." Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1990 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived RG 94, Arlingtonians for a Better County (ABC) Organizational Records Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Arlingtonians for a Better County Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1990s Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This image is subject to copyright. nauthorized use of the images in the Local History Collections of the Arlington Community Archives is prohibited. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 94_1_2_32 https://projectdaps.org/files/original/2a13df9521475055a30b98bbcb4d7e61.pdf b36561099e092170c3a7780794bc4e88 PDF Text Text A G 2 9 18 U 98 NOTE T O : ABC EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEMBERS FROM: BOB BENSON ABC BOND PROJECT OUTREACH COMMITTEE SUBJECT: UPDATE ON STRATEGY AS OF 8/27/88 Attached for your information is a summary of the current version of the strategy for the bond project. This version summarizes the most recent discussions of members of the bond committee (at least according to my notes). listed activities are subject to change. Of course, all Also, please note that the persons listed with specific activities are only the lead individuals for those activities; other volunteers may play very significant roles for one or more of the listed activities. ATTACHMENT �% » I ABC BOND PROJECT OUTREACH STRATEGY AS OF 8/27/88 INITIAL OUTREACH ACTIVITIES COMPLETED: Get ABC Exec Committee approval of project and strategy. Get ABC membership approval of project, strategy, budget. Notify and consult with county officials about ABC Bond Project. Develop fact sheet/talking points. Draft ABC press release; distribute to media by 8/13. Make ABC presentation to the County Board on 8/13. County Fair: Coordinate with fair committee, prepare handout. FALL OUTREACH ACTIVITIES fWITH LEAD INDIVIDUALS NOTED) : SEPTEMBER — — — Fundraising letters: (1) To potential large contributors outside ABC, (2) To ABC members. [Favola, McCracken, Whipple] Civic Federation meeting (9/6/88): ABC presentation in favor of the Bonds. [Benson, Michl, Krum] Preparation of "hard" fact sheets; attach one-page version to earlier flyer with "soft" facts. [Benson, review by Favola] SEPTEMBER AND OCTOBER — — — Distribution of handouts at public locations; start with voter registration locations in September; expand to supermarkets, Metro stations, etc. in October. [Michl] Consultation with other community groups; compile endorsement list; coordinate Speakers Bureau for interested groups (e.g., PTAs, civic associations). [Krum] Contributions to other bond advocacy groups. [Michl, Clayton] OCTOBER — — — — Preparation of "professional" brochure (if possible); brochure to include ballot information. [TBA] Issue Forum. [Michl, McCracken, Outreach Committee] ABC letters to local newspapers, other groups. [Clayton?] Targeted delivery of brochure (or fact sheets) to local residences; limited mailout as well? [Michl] NOVEMBER — — Obtain sample ballot for distribution at polls. [McCracken] Distribution of materials at polling places. [Michl] VOLUNTEERS TO DATE: Diana Dean Liza Harrison Earl Mellor Arlene Spinelli Norm Novak Sam Bradley Jocelyn Barbour Allen Sinsheimer Darlene Bristow Dan Metzler �~ Isi/ I a J j') J / J v / a y KM © i k i^ ^e«A i l ~ 1 \ p 'p ./e j" ^) a , X)-e>st/ V -f \e ^.Jl — ~ \b 0/KK\ o ’ , ^ (Jlk C, S ''< ^ o c '\< z f / - k t / - i/ h \ v^i w -T J)e*r//K o C lK f J > z ia,r e J2<. iaoJ ^JAt ct <?/ {' e ^ � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource RG 94, Arlingtonians for a Better County (ABC) Organizational Records Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Memo: "Update on Strategy as of August 27, 1988", from Bob Benson, ABC Bond Project Outreach Committee to ABC Executive Committee Members Description An account of the resource Explains current version of the bond strategy including planned activities and individuals involved including volunteers. Final page is has handwritten notes that read: "9/11/88 Bob Benson-- hard fact sheet. Thursday meeting Whipples-- Steve, Carrie, Jim C., Bob Benson. Dear Friend-- To supporter list minus ABC members. Dear ABC members-- letter. Jim C: $500" 3 pages. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1988-08-29 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived RG 94, Arlingtonians for a Better County (ABC) Organizational Records Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Arlingtonians for a Better County Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1980s Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This image is subject to copyright. nauthorized use of the images in the Local History Collections of the Arlington Community Archives is prohibited. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 94_1_2_30 https://projectdaps.org/files/original/6e35ef7d294e936654246240f7afeabd.pdf 7baf17acab24d2de603fabf39275484f PDF Text Text PROPOSED ABC EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE POLICY POSITION TO ENDORSE ARLINGTON COUNTY'S FY 1989-1994 CAPITAL IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM AND 1988 BOND REFERENDA (JULY 17, 1988) FROM: Members of the ABC Ad-Hoc Committee on 1988 Bond Issues (Outreach Subcommittee) TO: Members of the ABC Executive Committee SUMMARY: On 6/6/88, the County Manager presented the County Board with an information package which summarized a proposed Capital Improvements Program (CIP) for 1989-1994. The CIT is a planning document that serves as the county's "basic guide . . . to plan and schedule capital projects which the County expects to fund in the next six years" (from the County Manager's report). For the first time in several decades, the CIP includes capital improvement projects for Arlington's schools. The County Manager proposed that 55.6% of the current CIP be financed with bonds and the remaining 44.4% with pay-as-you-go financing (from general revenues). The major program areas of the CIP are as follows: LOCAL PARKS/RECREATION: Mostly bond funds TRANSPORTATION: Mostly bond funds STORM DRAINAGE: Mix of bond and p-a-y-g COMMUNITY CONSERVATION: Mostly bond funds GOVERNMENT FACILITIES: Includes new jail REGIONAL CONTRIBUTIONS: Bond and p-a-y-g UTILITIES: Capital projects via bonds SCHOOLS: Mostly bond funding through 1991 $ 12.8 MIL 35.9 5.4 22.3 68.7 3.8 81.9 44.9 TOTAL 1989-1994 CIP $ 275.7 MIL The 1989-1994 CIP was approved by the County Board on 6/25/88. In addition to the CIP, the County Manager proposed that six bond referenda be placed on the ballot for considera­ tion by Arlington voters in November. The referenda represent six different program areas that traditionally are funded by the issuance of bonds. "Projects funded with bond proceeds generally have a useful life which is similar in length to the repayment schedule of the bonds. . . . Arlington typically sells 20-year serial bonds and CONTINUED �\ pays off 5% of the bond principal each year" (from the County Manager's report). Arlington has a top municipal credit rating, and if the bond measures are approved the County will remain "well within the acceptable range o f ' debt capacity factors." The six proposed bond referenda are as follows: LOCAL/REGIONAL PARKS AND RECREATION STREETS AND HIGHWAYS COMMUNITY CONSERVATION JAIL CONSTRUCTION WASTE WATER TREATMENT SCHOOLS $ 3.9 MIL 2.9 2.9 25.6 12.0 12.8 TOTAL FOR FY-1989 BONDS $ 60.1 MIL The County Board approved the six referenda in principle for inclusion on the November ballot, and will be meeting on August 13th to decide on the language of the referenda and the final bond amounts. RECOMMENDATIONS: I. That the ABC Executive Committee officially endorse the inclusion of the six bond referenda on the November 1988 ballot (at the approximate dollar amounts proposed by the County Manager); II. That the ABC Executive Committee officially endorse the approval of the bond referenda that are placed on the ballot by the County Board at its 8/13/88 meeting; III. That the ABC Executive Committee approve of and support the activities of the ABC Ad-hoc Committee on the 1988 Bond Issues as it performs the following roles: (1) Fund raising support for the ABC campaign for the 1988 bond referenda; (2) Precinct operations to generate voter support prior to and on election day; (3) An active outreach/public information campaign in support of the bond referenda. IV. That the ABC Executive Committee endorse in concept the outreach strategy summarized below, including the mailing of an information brochure to all county households, with a total budget of approximately $10,000-15,000. CONTINUED �-3RATIONALE: The recommendation is in keeping with the purpose of Arlingtonians for a Better County — to work for good government, quality services, and a high standard of living for all citizens of Arlington. The bond project is necessary to help maintain the viability of ABC as an independent organization that is willing to take a position on issues of importance to Arlington. The CIP projects and the six bond issues are im­ portant for maintaining Arlington's standard of excellence in its parks, intrastructure, and most importantly, its schools. AD HOC COMMITTEE STRATEGY SUMMARY: Objective: To represent ABC in support of Arlington's FY-1988 bond referenda (all six bond issues). ABC roles: (1) Fund raising support for the activities of the ad-hoc bond committee; (2) Precinct operations (phone banks, door-to-door distributions, election day activities); (3) Outreach/public information campaign. Q m Key participants: John McCracken (Ad-Hoc Committee Coordi~ ^ nator) , Tem=-Whipple (fund-raising) , Paul Michl (Precinct / Ops.); For outreach: Barbara Favola, Steve Crum, Bob Benson. OUTREACH STRATEGY: Initial outreach activities: Get ABC Exec Committee approval of project & strategy (7/17). Notify county officials about the ad-hoc committee; consult with them to get suggestions, facts, etc. (Barbara) Consult with other community groups; begin compilation of an endorsement list. (Steve) Develop fact sheet draft. (Barbara) Draft ABC press release; distribute to media by 8/13. (Bob) Use fact sheet for preparation of ABC presentation to the County Board on 8/13. (Paul?) Prep for County Fair — coordinate with ABC fair committee, prepare video presentation? (Bob) Fall outreach activities: Coordinate mtgs with interested groups (PTAs, civic, etc). Speakers bureau for key civic groups. Presentation at September Civic Federation Forum. Prepare brochure; conduct widespread mailout. Issue forum (October). Provide information to local media. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource RG 94, Arlingtonians for a Better County (ABC) Organizational Records Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Memo: " Proposed ABC Executive Committee Policy to Endorse Arlington County's FY 1989-1994 Capital Improvement Program and 1988 Bond Referenda" Description An account of the resource Memo from the "Members of the ABC Ad-Hoc Committee on 1988 Bond Issues (Outreach Subcommittee) to the "Members of the ABC Executive Committee" giving reasons and rational for supporting Improvement Program and Bond Referenda. 3 pages. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1988-07-17 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived RG 94, Arlingtonians for a Better County (ABC) Organizational Records Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Arlingtonians for a Better County Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1980s Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This image is subject to copyright. nauthorized use of the images in the Local History Collections of the Arlington Community Archives is prohibited. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 94_1_2_27 https://projectdaps.org/files/original/8b6612266530b373d8ce6ddb15867432.pdf 8059160725a2b308247f77ae4ae83b64 PDF Text Text REMARKS ON SCHOOL IMPROVEMENTS PROPOSED FOR 1965 COUNTY BOND REFERENDUM by D r. Jo h n Reed S p icer, C h a irm a n A rlin g to n County School B oard * * * County B oard H earin g A rlin g to n County C o u rt House S eptem ber 13, 1965 �R e m a rk s on School Im provem ents P ro p o s e d fo r 1965 County Bond R eferendum * * # Only a few m onths ago we cam e b e fo re you h e re to e n lis t y o u r su p p o rt fo r o u r e ffo rts to continue the steady im p ro v em en t in the q u a lity of public ed ucation in A rlington during 1965-66. You re c o g n iz e d the n eed s, and you resp o n d ed by approving a school budget w hich is a lre a d y m aking p o ssib le im p o rta n t p ro g r e s s in th e developm ent of o u r in s tru c tio n a l p ro g ra m and in p ro v id in g s a la r ie s and p r o ­ fe s s io n a l opportunities with w hich to continue to com pete fo r e x c e lle n t p ro fe ssio n a l p e r s o n n e l. A stro n g p ro g ra m and an o u tstanding staff, how ever, a r e only two sid e s of th e "tria n g le of quality ed ucation. " Tonight we roust ta lk about the equally e s s e n tia l th ird side: adequate and e q u a l sch o o l fa c ilitie s fo r a ll o ur stu d e n ts. The to ta l d o lla r c o st of the sc h o o l im p ro v em en ts we b rin g b efo re you in th is y e a r 's bond refe re n d u m is m o re th a n we a re a ccu sto m ed to . But we a sk you - - and the c itizen s - - to c o n sid e r e a c h of them on its in d iv id u al m e rits ; if you do, we believe you w ill a g re e th a t e a c h is u rg e n t and c r i t i c a l . S trong c a s e s could have been m ade fo r adding to th e lis t, b ecau se th e r e a r e o th er se rio u s n eed s. A rlington w ill not offer f i r s t - r a t e education to a ll its stu d en ts a s long a s we allow significant nu m b ers to a tten d schools w hich a r e to o old, too sm a ll, o r oth erw ise inadequate even for to d a y 's highly d iv e rsifie d ed u catio n al p ro g ra m s , m uch le s s those of to m o rro w . We can n o t claim "eq u al ed u c a tio n a l opportu n ity " a s long as som e stu d en ts a re , in effe c t, penalized in te r m s of choice of c o u rs e s, effectiv e groupings, adequate c la s s ro o m s , lib r a r ie s , and sp e c ia l le a rn in g f a c i l i ­ tie s m e re ly b ecau se they live in one a r e a of our com m unity r a th e r th an a n o th e r. We a re v e ry fo rtu n ate th at we a re not concerned about m a s s iv e in c re a s e s in �2 stu d en t population like som e of o u r n eig h b o rs, fo r the ta s k of updating th e e x is t­ ing learn in g c e n te rs fo r our p re s e n t stu d en ts is both a fu ll-tim e and a highly e x ­ pensive job - -and we have not co m p leted it! If anyone doubts th is , I u rg e h im to v is it any of the buildings we w ill b e talking about ton ig h t, th e n co m p a re it to som e of th e o th er educatio n al fa c ilitie s in A rlington. We cannot ag re e w ith th o se who would d e te rm in e th e s iz e of th is y e a r 's bond re fe re n d u m - or any bond is s u e - by an a r b i tr a r y g u e ss a t w hat o u r c itiz e n s w ill su p p o rt, o r a w istful look a t e a r l ie r days when n e e d s w e re m o re obvious and funds le s s av ailab le. E ach of th e s e p ro p o sa ls - - th o se p re s e n te d by th e C ounty M anager as w ell as those fo r o u r sch o o ls - - should, indeed it m u st, be in clu d ed s tr ic tly in acco rd an ce w ith its m e r its and the d e g re e of u rg e n c y of th e n e e d . A t a tim e when m em b ers of both p a r tie s , at the State and the n atio n a l lev e l, a re r e ­ sponding - - how ever belated ly - - t o c r itic a l n eed s of ed u catio n , it would be lu d i­ cro u s fo r one of th e n a tio n 's m o st p ro sp e ro u s and p ro g r e s s iv e co m m u n ities to delay in m eetin g its own n eed s, w hen they a re c le a r and u rg e n t, and m o re a r e in the offing. I have e v e ry confidence in th e good judgm ent of A rlin g to n 's v o te r s , and if we do th e job of putting th e fa c ts b efo re them , th ey w ill su p p o rt w h atev er is n eed ed . If we did not have su c h confidence, we w ould have no b u sin e ss holding down p o sitio n s of le a d e rsh ip in th is o r any o th er co m m u n ity . And now, le t u s tu r n b rie fly to the facts w hich we m u st put b efo re th e v o te r s betw een now and N ovem ber. W ell o v er half th is bond is s u e w ill go to w ard ach iev in g one v e ry v ita l and long delayed objective: P ro v id in g equal ed u catio n al f a c ilitie s fo r a ll stu d e n ts in o u r seco n d a ry sc h o o ls. F o r th e p a s t s e v e r a l y e a rs , a co n sid e ra b le n u m b e r of o u r stu d en ts have been in c re a sin g ly disadvantaged by c ra m p e d o r o th e rw ise �3 inadequate sch o o l buildings, w ith th e p re d ic ta b ly n egative e ffect on th e ir ed u catio n In south c e n tra l A rlington, so m e of the in s tru c tio n a l p ro b lem s and in ­ e q u itie s c re a te d by having two old and u n d ersiz e d ju n io r highs have been re s o lv e d by c re a tin g a new, la rg e r a tten d an ce a re a . Some c itiz e n s have opposed th e ti m ­ in g of th is actio n and the in te rim a rra n g e m e n ts, but no one h as publicly d isp u ted the p ro p o sa l fo r a new ju n io r-h ig h -sc h o o l building to give the students of th a t a r e a the sam e p ro g ra m and fa c ilitie s offered in o th e r a r e a s of the County. E v en Judge L ew is, in gran tin g the in ju n ctio n ag ain st the p re s e n t p la n ,s a id : "N othing h e re in contained s h a ll be c o n stru e d as im peding o r p ro h ib itin g the School B o ard fro m re a rra n g in g the attendance a r e a s fo r the G unston, B offm an-B oston and T hom as Je ffe rso n Ju n io r High S chools fo r the com ing o r su b seq u en t school y e a r s o r from fixing an attendance a r e a fo r the contem plated new T hom as Je ffe rso n Ju n io r High School when and a s b u ilt. " B uilding a new school is th e only eco n o m ically sound way to m eet fo u r n eeds: (1) re p la c e obsolete sc ie n c e and shop fa c ilitie s ; (2) p rovide the la rg e , com p reh en siv e lib ra ry needed to su p p o rt the ste a d ily in c re a s in g em p h a sis on advanced c o u rs e s and on individual study and r e s e a r c h ; (3) add m o re flex ib le c la s s ro o m sp ace and sp ec ia liz e d in s tru c tio n a l la b o r a to r ie s , and (4) p ro v id e fo r expected in c re a s e s in the ju n io r-h ig h population of so u th A rlin g to n . T o m eet th ese needs, we p ro p o se a 1300-pupil bu ild in g at a c o st of $4, 250, 000, including the c o st of lan d . A v e ry s im ila r ju n io r-h ig h -sc h o o l p ro b lem m u s t be m e t in th e n o rth sid e of the County. Students a t Swanson, p re s e n tly an u n d e rs iz e d school, w ill not have the ed u catio n al p ro g ra m and s e rv ic e s a v a ila b le a t o th er la r g e r sc h o o ls u n til the building is both expanded and m o d ern ized . A lso , o v ercrow ding in n o rth A rlin g to n ju n io r highs is beco m in g in c re a sin g ly s e v e r e and can b e st be re lie v e d �- 4 by the expansion of Swanson. Swanson n eed s eight c la s s ro o m s , a new lib ra ry , and im p ro v ed p h y sic a l education, in d u s tria l a r ts , and office fa c ilitie s costin g a p p ro x im a te ly $ 1 ,0 0 0 ,0 0 0 . P ro m p t com pletion of th is expansion, and the c o n stru c tio n of a new ju n io r high in south A rlington, is the only w ay to provide fully eq u a l e d u c a tio n a l o p p o rtu n i­ tie s to a ll seventh, eighth, and ninth g ra d e stu d en ts in o u r County. At the se n io r-h ig h lev el, th e le a rn in g p ro b le m s c re a te d by inadequate sp ace a t Y orktow n High School have re a c h e d the c r itic a l s ta g e . Like th e c itiz e n s of o th er a re a s of need, the people of th is a r e a have b e e n e x tre m e ly long s u f f e r ­ ing - - probably m o re than we d e se rv e - - while the in ad e q u a c ie s have b eco m e m o re and m o re se rio u s each y e a r. Now, Yorktown is a fu ll 20 p e rc e n t o v e r ­ crow ded, and its lib ra ry - - in a day when the h ig h -sc h o o l lib r a r y is b ecom ing a s im p o rtan t as the college lib r a r y - - i s d isg ra c e fu lly s m a ll and w ithout sp a c e fo r additional b o o k s. The fu ll-tim e u se of e v e ry a v a ila b le c la s sro o m - - and som e m a k e sh ift q u a rte rs - - a t Yorktown p ro h ib its th e flex ib le u se of c la s s ro o m sp ace, so im ­ p o rta n t as h igh-scho o l stu d en ts tak e on m o re of the ad v an ced c o u rs e s and individual study p ro g ra m s fo rm e rly lim ite d to colleg e and u n iv e rsity w o rk . By the sa m e token, th e s e ad vancem ents in the in stru c tio n a l p ro g ra m m ake a s i z e ­ ab le, com prehensive lib ra ry a b so lu te ly e ss e n tia l to p ro v id e sp ace fo r in d iv id u al study and adequate sto ra g e of in fo rm a tio n . H ere again , in o ur s e n io r h ighs, a ctio n is n e c e s s a ry now if "equal ed u catio n al o p portunity" is to be anything bu t a slogan in A rlington County. At the e le m e n ta ry lev el, we s e e p ro b lem s w hich a r e eq u ally p re s s in g , and we can point to the e x tra o rd in a ry patien ce of p a re n ts who have w atched in d is tr e s s as the le a rn in g p ro b le m s c re a te d by to ta lly inadequate fa c ilitie s have �m u ltip lied . - 5 We believ e - - and a siz e a b le m a jo rity of th e c itiz e n s of th a t a r e a a g re e d in a re c e n t su rv e y - - th a t a new, 2 8 -ro o m M onroe E le m e n ta ry School is u rg en tly needed to re p la c e th e p re s e n t M onroe and W ilson S chools. H ere, a s in the o th er c a s e s , a single v is it to th e p re s e n t b u ild in g s would re s o lv e any lin g erin g doubts about th e u rg en cy of the need. Both sch o o ls have u n d e rsiz e d c la s sro o m s w ith p ra c tic a lly no sto ra g e sp a c e , a s w ell a s to ta lly in ­ adequate fa c ilitie s fo r te a c h e rs and sta ff s p e c ia lis ts to m e e t and w o rk w ith in d i­ v idual c h ild re n and p a re n ts. T h is situ a tio n s e rio u s ly h a m p e rs e ffo rts to g ive the individual atten tio n so im p o rta n t in the e a rly sch o o l y e a r s . F u rth e rm o r e ,- the s m a ll num ber of c la s se s p e r g ra d e in both build in g s se rio u s ly im p ed es e ffo rts to group pupils ap p ro p ria te ly and to a s s u re co m p atib le a ssig n m e n ts of te a c h e r s and p u p ils. At the sam e tim e , o v ercrow ding fo rc e s fifty pupils in the W ilson a r e a to be bused to F o rt M yer to c la s sro o m s w hich so o n w ill be un av ailab le a t th at school. The new M onroe E le m e n ta ry School, to be b u ilt a t an e stim a te d c o s t of $1, 200, 000, w ill allev iate th e se s e rio u s p ro b le m s and p ro v id e c la s sro o m s fo r expected in c re a s e s in the n u m b er of pupils in th a t a r e a . If funds a re not p rovided fo r a s ix -ro o m ad d itio n a t A shlaw n E le m e n ta ry School in th is bond referen d u m , o v ercrow ding w ill r e s u lt in the A shlaw n and Ja c k s o n a re a s next y e a r and w ill grow ste a d ily w o rse in subsequent y e a r s . A lso, the la c k of su fficien t space fo r k in d e rg a rte n pupils in th e a r e a c u rre n tly is forcing of th e m to be se n t outside th e ir home a re a , and th is inconvenience h as d e ­ te r r e d so m e fa m ilie s from having th e ir c h ild re n a tten d k in d e rg a rte n at a ll. T h is ad d itio n , a t an estim a te d c o st of $240, 000,h as b een planned sin c e th e sch o o l w as b u ilt o rig in a lly . �6 The fin al m a jo r p ro je c t in o u r p ro p o sa l is a co m p re h e n siv e E ducation C e n te r. E fficiency and com m unity s e lf - r e s p e c t dem and th a t we ste p try in g to p la n and coordinate a f ir s t - c la s s sch o o l p ro g ra m out of a c o n v e rte d w arehouse on C uincy S tre e t o r o th e r m ak esh ift and se p a ra te d f a c i li ti e s . The m o st obvious need, of c o u rse , is to p rovide e ffic ie n tly designed and lo c a te d offices fo r the people who m anage and su p p o rt th is $ 2 0 ,0 0 0 ,0 0 0 o p e ra tio n . But th is is only p a r t of what needs doing. The c u rric u lu m la b o ra to rie s , p ro fe ssio n a l lib r a r y , te a c h in g m a te ria ls center and o th e r fa c ilitie s in th is C en ter w ill s e r v e e v e ry te a c h e r and, th ro u g h them , e v ery stu d en t in the C ounty. The continuing ed u catio n p ro g ra m w ill include such d iv e rs e a c tiv itie s a s o u r expanding p o st-h ig h sch o o l adult c o u rs e s and evening high sch o o l p ro g r a m s , and re la tiv e ly new m anpow er r e ­ developm ent and s p e c ia l lite r a c y p ro g ra m s av ailab le th ro u g h F e d e r a l su p p o rt. D aytim e c la s se s in b u sin e ss edu catio n and home eco n o m ics c a n be p rovided when r e g u la r c la s sro o m s a re in u se, and th e C e n te r w ill co n ta in d isp la y a re a s fo r show ing the w ork and acco m p lish m en ts of stu d en ts, te a c h e r s , and o th e r lo c a l p e rs o n s and groups. it is often said th a t A rlington la c k s identity: nothing could do m o re to give o u r com m unity c re d ita b le iden tity th a n an a ttra c tiv e and highly fu nctional E du catio n C enter, It would se rv e a s a d a ily re m in d e r of o u r C ounty's c o m it- m en t to the im p o rtan ce of education, and o u r re co g n itio n of its in tim ate r e la tio n ­ sh ip to the C ounty's c u ltu ra l and s o c ia l developm ent. T he fin al ite m is a re sp o n se to o u r reco g n itio n th a t about th re e -fo u rth s of A rlin g to n 's sch o o l s ite s a re p re s e n tly s m a lle r th an S tate re q u ire m e n ts allow . We a r e asking $250, 000 to help re m e d y th is problem th ro u g h th e p u rc h a se of land. �7 T h e re is no "o rd e r of p r io r ity " fo r the school im p ro v e m e n ts we have d e sc rib e d b rie fly in th is p re s e n ta tio n and in m o re d e ta il in w ritte n fo rm ; e a c h of th em is u rg en tly needed, and m o s t a r e long o verdue. N in etee n -six ty -fiv e is a y e a r of u n p recedented c o m m itm e n t to q u ality ed u catio n by n atio n al and State le a d e r s . We a re confident th a t a fte r c a re fu l c o n sid e ra tio n the County B oard and th e citiz e n s of o u r com m u n ity , who m ade th e i r com m itm ent to quality ed u catio n m any y e a rs ago, w ill m ove th is y e a r to w ard what is long overdue: high q u ality and co m p a ra b le sc h o o l fa c ilitie s fo r a ll of our stu d en ts and a c e n te r fo r continuing ed u c a tio n a l a c tiv itie s fo r a ll o u r c itiz e n s . � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource RG 94, Arlingtonians for a Better County (ABC) Organizational Records Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Remarks on School Improvements Proposed for 1965 County Bond Referendum, Dr. John Reed Spicer, Chairman, Arlington County School Board Description An account of the resource Remarks made by Dr. Spicer to the Arlington County Board to explain the need for the proposed school bond and what the bond monies will be used for. 8 pages. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1965-09-13 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived RG 94, Arlingtonians for a Better County (ABC) Organizational Records Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource John Reed Spicer Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This image is subject to copyright. nauthorized use of the images in the Local History Collections of the Arlington Community Archives is prohibited. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 94_1_2_19 https://projectdaps.org/files/original/f493da3804c94b253dc4681b13bba200.pdf 089461a907b3aeb9a9d4c653076e5ba2 PDF Text Text August 12, 1965 To: Mr. Bert W. Johnson, County Manager From: Edgar D. Smith, Finance Director I have prepared several schedules and charts which reflect Arlington County's ability to carry its long-term debt. The proposed issues totaling $17,315,000 are incorporated but the schedules do not reflect issues which might occur between 1965 and 1970. Debt data of several municipalities are used. This is not used to justify a new bond issue; but only to reflect status of other municipalities as compared to Arlington County. The proposed issues of $17,315,000 will increase our long-term debt to $61,164,000 as of June 30, 1966. We expect this debt then to be 12.8 % of assessed value of real property and a per capita debt of $3 3 4 , While most municipalities have some debt limits established by constitution or statutes, Arlington County does not have an imposed debt limit. We have an excellent record for percentage of debt to assessed value of real property, per capita debt, percentage of debt costs to total budget and the equivalent tax rate for debt service. It is apparent Arlington County is in excellent financial condition to propose this bond issue. The funds derived from this proposed issue will be an investment in improvement to our facilities which can provide continued growth and prosperity. �X Schedule I Actual and Projected Debt Data (17,315,000 Issue 1966) (Amounts in Thousands) Year Pop. Debt I960 164 $38,959 1961 169 1962 Real Estate Assessed Value $ Debt as % of R.E. Debt Per Capita 320,122 1 2 .2% 37,722 336,568 1 1 .2 223. 172 41,979 358,529 11.7 243. 1963 176 42,416 381,257 10.5 240. 1964 179 39,743 401,806 9.9 1965 181 46,934 433,445 1 0 .8 259. 1966 183 61,164 478,445 1 2 .8 334. 1967 185 57,965 533,445 10.9 313. 1968 187 53,897 578,445 9.3 ?8 8 . 1969 189 49,838 632,577 7.9 264. 1970 191 45,845 698,681 6 .6 240. The debt includes $12,440,000 for the Sewer - Water utility; this portion of the debt does not require tax revenue for servicing. Director of Finance August 12, 1965 $ 237. 222. �/ Schedule II Relationship of Debt Service to the Tax Rate (Amounts in Thousands) Year Debt Service R.E. Revenue Equivalent Tax Rate 1960 $ $ $ 3,414 11,152 °a / of Debt Service to R.E. Revenue 1.18 30.67. 1961 3,273 12,667 1.00 25.8 1962 3,597 13,560 1.03 26.5 1963 3,619 14,632 .96 24.7 1964 3,839 15,461 .96 24.8 1965 4,157 16,665 .96 24.9 1966 4,400 18,333 .93 24.0 1967 5,020 20,440 .95 24.5 1968 5,789 22,165 1.01 26.1 1969 5,660 24,481 .89 23.1 1970 5,479 27,039 .79 20.3 Revenue from Real Estate Tax is projected at the current rate of $3.87. Though the Water-Sewer utility bonds are general obligation of the County, the servicing costs come from utility revenues. tax rate will therefore be some 207o less than that shown. Finance Director August 12, 1965 The equivalent �FUTURE DEBT REQUIREMENTS - ALL ISSUES SCHEDULE III (Projected to Include S17,315»000 new issue voted 11/65, sold 2/66 and first payment on principal in Fiscal year 1968) Fiscal Year 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 Balance End of F/Y 61,163,825 57,965,250 53,896,675 49,838,100 45,844,525 41,846,650 37,848,775 33,857,000 3 0 , 5 2 ,0 0 0 0 26,467,000 23.107.000 1 9 .6 0 7 .0 0 0 1 6 ,6 0 7 ,0 0 0 1 3 ,7 8 2 ,0 0 0 1 1 , 6 2 ,0 0 0 0 8 ,6 0 7 ,0 0 0 6 , 2 7 ,0 0 0 6 4,770,000 3 ,1 7 0 ,0 0 0 1,775,000 8 8 0 ,0 0 0 0 ________ Debt Cost for F/Y Total Principal Interest 1,400,227.25 3,088,575 1 ,3 1 1 ,6 5 2 .2 5 5,019,663.25 1 ,8 2 1 , 8 8 .2 5 0 3,198,575 5,789,164.25 4,068,575 1 , 2 0 , 8 9 .2 5 7 5 5,660,836.50 1 ,6 0 2 , 6 1 .5 0 2 4,058,575 5,478,754.93 3,993,575 1,485,179.93 5,365,872.25 3,997,875 1,367,997.25 5,248,497.88 1 , 5 0 , 2 2 .8 8 2 6 3,997,875 5,125,489.17 1,133,714.17 3,991,775 3 , 0 5 ,0 0 0 8 4,822,454.25 1,017,454.25 3 , 8 5 ,0 0 0 5 4,492,131.75 907,131.75 3 , 6 0 ,0 0 0 3 802,124.25 4,162,124.25 3 , 0 0 ,0 0 0 5 4,196,816.75 696,816.75 3 , 0 0 ,0 0 0 0 598,264.25 3,598,264.25 3.335.648.00 2 , 2 5 ,0 0 0 8 510,648.00 3.147.653.00 2 .7 2 0 .0 0 0 427,653.00 2 . 5 5 .0 0 0 4 2,802,595.50 347,595.50 2.257.255.50 1 ,9 8 0 ,0 0 0 277,255.50 2,070,904.00 1 , 5 7 ,0 0 0 8 213,904.00 1.756.622.50 1 , 0 0 ,0 0 0 6 156,622.50 1 , 0 2 , 0 0 .0 0 5 3 1 , 9 5 ,0 0 0 3 107,300.00 956,225.00 8 9 5 ,0 0 0 6 1 , 2 5 .0 0 2 9 1 0 , 0 0 .0 0 8 8 8 0 ,0 0 0 3 0 , 0 0 .0 0 8 64,252,400 17,847,900.23 82,100,300.23 The current debt is $*+6,937*^00. We return to this level in 1970 with the proposed 2 0 -year amortization schedule. Finance Director 8/12/65 �/ Schedule IV Comparisons of Debt and Revenue in Selected Cities June 1963 (From Municipal Year Book 1965) City Arlington, Va. * Austin, Texas Charlotte, N. C. Des Moincv;, Iowa Jacksonville, Fla. Madison, Wi s . Nashville, Tenn. Providence, R. I. Richmond, Va. Roanoke, Va. Worcester, Mass. * Population Debt $46,937 94,950 54,050 14,250 131,500 53,950 121,500 59,950 96,950 25,050 37,150 181 220 230 216 198 154 261 195 223 101 180 Revenue $37,200 13,750 18,150 20,678 14,630 35,215 36,844 46,080 49,651 20,630 52,887 Debt per Capita Revenue per Cap $ $ 259 431 235 66 664 350 465 307 435 254 206 205 62 79 96 74 228 141 236 222 204 293 Arlington shown as June 30, 1965 Schedule V No debt limit is spelled out for counties but it is interesting to compare Northern Virginia long-term debt with real estate assessments for 1963. (data in thousands) Debt Arlington Countv Alexandria Fairfax Count) Falls Church Loudoun County Prince William County Fairfax City Finance Director August 12, 1965 Assessment $42,416 29,331 100,192 6,340 4,632 10,854 7,189 $ 401,806 251,415 624,253 36,797 33,924 35,480 37,786 Debt as % of R.E. 10.5 11.7 16.0 17.2 13.7 30.6 19.0 �V LONG TERM D E B T DEBT ASSESSED REAL PRO PERTY AS % OF REAL PRO PERTY �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource RG 94, Arlingtonians for a Better County (ABC) Organizational Records Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Memo: from Edgar D. Smith, Finance Director to Bert W. Johnson, County Manager Description An account of the resource Memo reflecting with schedules and charts rlington County's ability to carry its long-term debt. Includes map of proposed improvement areas. 7 pages. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1965-08-12 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived RG 94, Arlingtonians for a Better County (ABC) Organizational Records Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Edgar D. Smith Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This image is subject to copyright. nauthorized use of the images in the Local History Collections of the Arlington Community Archives is prohibited. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 94_1_2_15 https://projectdaps.org/files/original/8161c4dcc6e7776c7becb49a724ab83c.pdf 3e850f497885b3a83c6479dd4ffb1201 PDF Text Text BOND INFORMATION The Arlington County Board will submit to referendum at the November 2, 1965 General Election, General Obligation Bonds for six public purposes set forth below. Detail of the projects for the first three are set forth in Tables I, II and III attached. $ 4,350,000 Thoroughfares 550,000 Sidewalks Storm Sewers 1,250,000 Recreation Land 1,000,000 Junior High School 4,250,000 School Improvements 4,795,000 Yorktown High School Addition Swanson Junior High School Addition New Monroe Elementary School Ashlawn Elementary School Addition Fairlington Elementary School Administration Building Purchase of Land $ 875,000 1,000,000 1,200,000 240,000 230,000 1,000,000 250,000 TOTAL $16,195,000 Questions have been raised abount Arlington County's ability to carry its current indebtedness and additional bonds. A report dated August 12, 1965 prepared by the Director of Finance based on a proposed $17 million bond issue, recommended by the County Manager and the School Board, is attached. It is recognized that this report was based on a figure greater than that which will be submitted to the voters however, the general picture of the County's fiscal position is reflected in the X y ^ ^ B e r t W. Jejf*nson County Manager September 27, 1965 �TABLE I MAJOR THOROUGHFARE PROJECTS 1965 BOND PROPOSAL THOROUGHFARES 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. Cost (in thousands) Rosslyn Plan Williamsburg Boulevard West of N. Wyoming St. to County line South George Mason Drive S. Four M[ile Run Dr. to S . Columbus St. North George Mason Drive Wilson Blvd. to 11th St. N. North George Mason Drive 16th St. N. to 22nd St. N. North Quincy Street 17th St. N. to north of 20th St. N. North Sycamore Street Washington Blvd. to 19thRd. N. South George Mason Drive Completion North George Mason Drive From Wilson Blvd. to south of 6th Rd. N. North George Mason Drive From Yorktown Blvd. to north of Lee Hwy. North George Mason Drive From 11th St. N. to 16th St. N. Contingency TOTAL 1750.0 46.1 459.6 282.2 305.1 91.9 431.1 502.0 134.8 62.0 183.3 101.9 43 5 0 .0 �TABLE II SIDEWALK PROJECTS 1965 BOND PROPOSAL SIDEWALKS Cost (in thousands) Schools 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 13th Street North Kirkwood Rd. to N. Nelson St. 7th Street South S. Glebe Rd. to S. Oakland St. 27th Street North N. Lexington St. to east 7th Street South S. Ivy St. to S. Highland St. 24th Street North N. Fillmore St. to east: of N. Danville St. Old Wilson Boulevard Wilson Blvd. to south North Pierce Street Wilson Blvd. to south North Oakland Street Lee Hwy. to 21st Ave. N. 84.5 41.8 26.5 25.7 67.9 25.8 7.5 36.9 Churches 9. 10. 11. South Lincoln Street 8th St. S. to 9th St. S. 9th Street South S. Glebe Rd. to S. Lincoln St. South Monroe Street Columbia Pike to 8th St. S. 37.4 4.4 34.9 Miscellaneous 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. South Buchanan Street 6th St. S. to 7th St. S. 17th Street North N. Pierce St. to N. Oak St. 9th Street South S. Lincoln St. to S. Oakland St. 18th Street South S. Fillmore St. east to end 7th Road South (County frontage) from S. Florida St. to 500' east South Ives Street (County frontage) 16th St. S. to north of 18th S t . S . 15th Street North and North Taft Street TOTAL 20.5 31.8 24.1 31.1 12.4 19.1 17.7 550.0 �TABLE III STORM SEWER PROJECTS 1965 BOND PROPOSAL STREETS 12th Road North and North Roosevelt Street to Four Mile Run 2. South Pollard Street from 13th Street South to 14th Street South 3. North Cleveland Street from 2nd Road North to Long Branch 4. 14th Street North from North Rolfe Street to North Scott Street 5. North Stafford Street from 11th Street North to south 6. Madison Manor Supplemental Line 7. Doctors8 Branch at Four Mile Run Drive 8. 17t.h Road North from North Edison Street to North Dinwiddie Street 9. Little Pimmit Run from Williamsburg Boulevard tonorth 10 . South Grant Street, from 29th. Road South to Glebe Road 11• 26th Street North from North Florida Street to North Greenbrier Street 12. 17th Street North east of North Rhodes Street 13. 20th Street North from North Kenmore Street to North Lincoln Street 14. South Monroe Street (2100 block) 15. 5th Street South and South Illinois Street 16 . 5t:h Street South from South Cleveland Street to South Edgewood Street 17. 2300 block of North Vernon Street to North Vermont Street 18. 26th. Road North from George Mason Drive to North Florida Street 19. South Walter Reed Drive from 6th Street South to 7th Street South 20. 18th Road North. from North Herndon Street to North Hartford Street 21. Key Boulevard and North Herndon Street to North Jackson Street and 17th Street North 22. Wilson Boulevard and Court House Road to Colonial Village Branch 23. Spout Run from Culvert to Spout Run Parkway south to north line of Lee Highway (Stage #1 for area) Cost (in thousands) 1. 55.8 15.6 18.7 3.6 4.8 71_1 19.8 8.7 93.5 25.7 10.3 16.5 8.1 12.7 19.3 8.9 16.6 6.9 13.4 11.9 28.9 52.0 215.7 �STORM SEWERS (Continued) STREETS 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. Cost (in thousands) 19th Road North from Kirkwood Road to east 16th Street North and North Buchanan Street to Lubber Run 14th Street North and North Buchanan Street Jamestown School area from North Dickerson Street to North Delaware Street Windy Run east of Nellie Custis Drive Little Pimmit Run from Old Dominion Drive to south Old Dominion Drive to west south of Rock Spring Road Yorktown Boulevard at 26th Street North Pimmit Run from Williamsburg Boulevard to Little Falls Road 38th Street North and North Edison Street North Washington Boulevard and North Powhatan Street North Dickerson Street 3000 block Four Mile Run Channel Section Walls Along Streams Contingency TOTAL 3.4 33.2 8.7 28.1 36.0 44.0 17.8 36.1 17.3 5.4 5.2 9.5 100.0 50.0 116.8 1,250.0 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource RG 94, Arlingtonians for a Better County (ABC) Organizational Records Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Memo: "Bond Information" from Bert W. Johnson, County Manager Description An account of the resource Memo: "Bond Information" from Bert W. Johnson, County Manager, ddressing questions concerning Arlington County's ability to carry its current indebtedness and additional bonds. 5 pages. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1965-09-27 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived RG 94, Arlingtonians for a Better County (ABC) Organizational Records Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Bert W. Johnson Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This image is subject to copyright. nauthorized use of the images in the Local History Collections of the Arlington Community Archives is prohibited. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 94_1_2_10 https://projectdaps.org/files/original/a327c908888bc48198608cef390a8690.pdf a40628015e96610f8f6386f6fc437bf1 PDF Text Text AR L IN G T O N COUNTY, VIRGINIA COUNTY BOARD W. R I C H A R D S SCHOOL. COURT HOUSE ARLINGTON, VIRGINIA 22201 E R N E S T D. WILT BOARD RUTH O' DE L L C OX L. L A S Z L O E C K E R - R A C Z RALPH KAUL ELL ELIZAI I JAM E S B. S T O C K A R O RQYE L. LOWRY LED U R B A NS KE, J R. Inform ation fo r Arlington Citizens concerning PROPOSED COUNTY AND SCHOOL BONDS To he Voted on TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 5, 1963 The Arlington County Board and the Arlington School Board have unanimously agreed to submit for approval by the citizens of Arlington, a total of $9,950,000 in County and School improvement bonds. Pro­ ceeds from the sale of these bonds will be used in the program of needed improvements in the County with priority given to those shown on the inside o f this leaflet. Improvements to the sanitary sewerage system requiring more than half of the total proposed, will carry out carefully considered long range plans and meet the County's commitment to the State Water Control Board. The bond proceeds also will make possible acquisition of land for parks and playgrounds, an addition to the Central Library, and a con­ tinuation of the program to control storm water drainage. Improvements to existing school facilities at several locations are proposed to meet the needs of an expanding school population. Arlington County Board Thomas W. Richards, Chairman Arlington School Board Ruth O'Dell Cox, Chairman �PUBLIC FACILITY IMPROVEMENTS STORM WATER DRAINAGE CONTROL To carry forward the program for the provision o f storm water drainage facilities to prevent flooding and erosion . $1,000,000 This will include the construction of storm sewers, im­ provements to storm water channels, and acquisition of land for storm water drainage. Priority will be given to projects at: End of Second Road North, west of North Jackson Street to North Oakland Street South Oakland Street from First Street South to Third Street South North Ohio Street Branch from 22nd Road North to Lee Highway Northwest of Lee Highway and North Sycamore Street First Street North near North Manchester Street to north 400 block North Frederick Street to North Carlyn Springs Road 1700 block North Quebec Street to Spout Run Wilson Boulevard from Fairfax Drive to west 1100 block North Stafford Street West of North Sycamore Street from 16th Street North to Four Mile Run 22nd Street North and North Lexington Street to 2200 block North Kensington Street First Street South and South Fillmore Street to Long Branch 2617 Arlington Ridge Road to South Lynn Street North Harrison Street from Little Falls Road to Yorktown Boulevard 21st Street South from Arlington Ridge Road west to cul-de-sac 18th Street South east of Glebe Road 26th Street North from Washington Boulevard to east 18th Street North east of North Monroe Street 21st Street North from Westover Branch to cul-de-sac Third Street North from North Bryan Street to North Cleve­ land Street 700 block North Irving Street to 700 block North Kenmore Street South June Street from Arlington Ridge Road to north of 27th Street South 26th Street North from George Mason Drive to North Buch­ anan Street Hitchcock Branch south of 36th Street North North Irving Street from First Street North to First Road North 21 Street South from east of South Kent Street to South st Kent Street 12th Street South and South Queen Street to Long Branch Old Dominion Drive from 29th Street North to south of Rock Spring Road Wilson Boulevard from North Monroe Street to west of North Nelson Street 2400 block North Dickerson Street to North Emerson Street 17th Street North and North Quincy Street to 1700 block North Randolph Street 17th Street North and North Quincy Street to Spout Run North Thomas Street from Henderson Road to north South Highland Street from Second Street South to north Rock Spring Road and North Vermont Street 7th Street North from North Kensington Street to west 5th Street North and North Greenbrier Street 2400 block North Underwood Street Spout Run east of North Woodstock Street 4th Street North and North Thomas Street to Henderson Road and North Thomas Street Glebe Road and Dittmar Road (Walker’Chapel) to Hitchcock s Branch 22nd Street South from South Lowell Street to South Nelson Street North Sycamore Street from 28th Street North to 29th Street North 14th Street North and North Abingdon Street to Lubber Run 15th Street North and North Abingdon Street to Lubber Run 13th Street North and North Abingdon Street to Lubber Run Key Boulevard from North Nash Street to North Ode Street 8th Road North from North Buchanan Street to west Second Street South and South Kensington Street to north 600 block South Wayne Street South Monroe Street from Walter Reed Drive to south 26th Street South from South Grant Street to South June Street Hitchcock Branch from 36th Street North to 200' north of 37th Street North Second Road North from North Fillmore Street to North Edgewood Street North Randolph Street from Wilson Boulevard to Fairfax Drive North Nottingham Street from 25th Road North to north 23rd Road North from North Fillmore Street to cast North Edgewood Street from Lorcom Lane to north Washington Boulevard from North Columbus Street to North Dinwiddie Street Beechwood Place north of Marcey Road to Military Road Contingent for channel and other work to alleviate flooding in the lower Four Mile Run Drainage area. SANITARY SEWERAGE SYSTEM To carry forward the long range program for the enlarge­ ment, improvement, and extension o f the sanitary sew erage system o f the County $5,560,000 SECON DARY SEW AGE TREATMENT Arlington is committed to the Virginia State Water Con­ trol Board to provide secondary sewage treatment facilities to achieve and maintain the water quality objectives for the Potomac River in the National Capital Region. Arlington is now the only major jurisdiction in the Region without secondary treatment of its sewage. Cost—$4,700,000. DIVERSION O F SEW A GE FLOW Arlington has agreed to participate in sewerage con­ struction work being undertaken by the District of Columbia to accommodate sewage originating in four Arlington drainage areas. This diversion of sewage across Chain Bridge will relieve the existing Potomac Interceptor Sewer of the Arlington System. Cost—$860,000. �Immediate School Needs - $1,950,000 COUNTY LAND ACQUISITION BONDS To continue a program o f land a c­ quisition for parks and playgrounds con­ form ing t o p rojected plans .$1,000,000 PLAYGROUNDS TO BE ENLARGED This will provide funds for expansion of existing playgrounds and recreation areas in four locations—Barcroft, 16th Street South and South Four Mile Run Drive; Fillmore, First Street North and North Fillmore Street; Greenbrier, 27th Street North and North Greenbrier Street; and Walter Reed, 1401 South Walter Reed Drive. New playgrounds will be established in Arlington Heights, 6th Street South and South Wayne Street, as well as at 20th Road North and North Woodstock Street. VALLEYS T O BE PRESERVED Stream Valley parks and nature trails have been created in the major water­ sheds. Acreage will be added to protect the natural state of the valley and extend public ownership along Four Mile Run tributaries between Arlington Boulevard and Columbia Pike; Donaldson Run and Taylor Park; and Gulf Branch. LIBRARY BONDS To carry out the next stage o f the long range program for the im provem ent o f public library service $440,000 Construction of the planned addition to the Central Library has been projected at this time because of the full utilization of the existing basic structure. Adequate space is needed for special services es­ sential in a comprehensive library system. SPECIAL COL LE C TIO N S: Rapid expansion of the basic collection is pressing the small areas housing spec­ ial resources. Areas suitable for the shelving and use of expanding reference, business, microfilm, and phonograph col­ lections are justified to facilitate effective use by the public. PUBLIC SPACE: Intensive use of the main reading room by student researchers makes it neces­ sary to provide work desks for adult users. At present there is no room for small discussion groups, private type­ writers, or a lounge. The popularity of the children's collection and story hours call for additional space. W O R K SPACE: The accelerated book purchase pro­ gram and the receipt of gift books neces­ sitated the expansion of the processing functions into space originally planned for stacks. Efficient work space for this operation is needed. Growth in Arlington population has in­ creased public school enrollment beyond the capacity of present buildings. The School Board is limiting its pres­ ent request for bond funds to the im­ mediately urgent projects listed below, although the Board recognizes that some other schools also need improvement. 14 ELEMENTARY CLASSROOMS N E E D E D ____ $560,000 Three years ago there were 13,180 boys and girls in kindergarten through the sixth grade in Arlington schools. Today the enrollment exceeds 14,000. Claremont School 4700 South Chesterfield Road At the 16-room Claremont school, nine rooms are now used by the first three grades. As these children move ahead, more classrooms will be a necessity. Building permits for high rise apart­ ments containing 1,700 dwelling units have recently been issued in the Clare­ mont school area. These will bring even more pupils to Claremont school. Glencarlyn School 737 South Carlyn Springs Road Eighty first-grade pupils showed up at Glencarlyn school in September. In previous years two first-grade classrooms had been enough—but 80 first graders cannot be taught adequately by only two teachers. To meet the emergency, a school activity room was put into use as a classroom and a third first-grade teach­ er was employed. As these pupils pro­ gress into second grade, and as more first graders (already in the neighborhood) arrive next year, more classrooms must be provided. Langston School 4854 Lee Highway Langston school has 10 classrooms, but kindergarten pupils there have to be housed in an old frame dwelling. It is proposed to add a kindergarten classroom and other classroom space to meet a pro­ jected enrollment indicated by increasing numbers of children in the area. Abingdon School 3035 South Abingdon Street Abingdon school was originally built as a primary school, for pupils in the first three grades. Construction in the neighborhood soon brought so many other children that it was necessary to make it a full elementary school, grades one through six. Now more classrooms are needed there. (See item below for other proposed improvements at Abingdon.) MULTIPURPOSE ROOM AND LIBRARY AT ABINGDON____ $125,000 The small library and multipurpose room at Abingdon were designed for young children and are inadequate for a complete elementary school. A part of the funds from the proposed bond issue would be used to remodel the present building to provide a larger library. A multipurpose room, similar to those in other Arlington elementary schools, is needed for use as a cafeteria, an audi­ torium, and for physical education. MORE PHYSICAL EDUCATION SPACE AND KITCHEN MODERN­ IZATION PROPOSED AT WASHINGTON-LEE _________$475,000 Auxiliary Gymnasiums—Under Vir­ ginia state regulations, physical educa­ tion is a required course for all tenth and eleventh grade students. Because of the large enrollment at Washington-Lee High School, a heavy schedule of physi­ cal education classes must be taught every day. Space is so limited that it is necessary to use even the balconies of the gymnasium as teaching stations. To meet the situation, the School Board wishes to add auxiliary gymnasiums at Washington-Lee, lockers, and space for corrective physical education for students unable to take part in regular gym classes. (Both Wakefield and Yorktown have auxiliary gymnasiums.) Kitchen Remodeling—With 2300 stu­ dents and a faculty of more than 125, Washington-Lee High School operates its school lunch service in a kitchen too small to accommodate modern food prep­ aration equipment. Cramped quarters make it necessary for cooks and bakers to work in the main line of traffic through which deliveries are made and through which trash is carried out. The School Board finds it necessary to enlarge and modernize the WashingtonLee kitchen with adequate refrigerators, dishwashers, stoves, and work space. CLASSROOMS, SHOP SPACE AND ASSEMBLY ROOM PROPOSED FOR WAKEFIELD___________$550,000 Enrollment at Wakefield High School passed 2400 this year—more than onefifth above the planned capacity. The School Board now needs to add 10 classrooms, or equivalent space, to help relieve Wakefield overcrowding. Teaching in large groups has become a recognized part of the curriculum in good secondary schools today. An assembly room for such instruction and other school activities is also planned at Wakefield. Additional shop facilities are needed to provide for an adequate voca­ tional and industrial arts program. LAND ACQUISITION AT ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS ____$240,000 Many of Arlington’ older public s schools were built on sites which are far too small by present standards. The $240,000 requested in the bond referen­ dum will enable some of the sites to be enlarged. �D e b t R etirem en t $2.4 Million in 1963 During the last fiscal year the total b on d ed indebtedness o f Arlington C ou n ty was reduced to $42,416,550 on June 30, 1963. Repayment o f the prin­ cipal and interest on the prop osed new bonds will be arranged to fit into the planned financial structure o f the County. General O bligation Bonds Taxes support $34,444,500 o f the total d e b t on June 30, 1963. This represents 8.5% o f the assessed value o f real estate in the County on January I, 1963. The p rop osed new bonds for storm drainage control, land acquisition, library facilities, and schools totaling $4,390,000 will b e repaid from taxes. Utility Bonds The remainder o f the debt, $7,972,000, is in outstanding water and sewer utility bonds which are being retired from service charges, not taxes. Repayment o f the proposed new bonds for the Sani­ tary Sew erage System, $5,560,000 is planned from service charges. This letter is published jointly by the Arlington County Board and the Arling­ ton School Board to provide information concerning the proposed bond issues. It is being mailed to all registered voters at County and School expense. ELECTION ON COUNTY AND SCHOOL IMPROVEMENT BONDS Tuesday, November 5, 1963 P olls open 6:00 a m. to 7:00 p.m. A tfleMage to Arlington VoterA Jrcftt the Countif Coat'd and the School float'd Court H ou se Arlington, Vo. 22201 Bulk Rote POSTAGE PAID Arlington, Vo. Permit No. 505 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource RG 94, Arlingtonians for a Better County (ABC) Organizational Records Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Flyer: "Information for Arlington Citizens oncerning Proposed County and School Bonds to be voted on Tuesday, November 5 Description An account of the resource Flyer explaining the Bond Referendum on the ballot, November 5, 1963, for County and School improvements. 3 pages. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1963-11 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived RG 94, Arlingtonians for a Better County (ABC) Organizational Records Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Arlington County Board, Arlington School Board Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This image is subject to copyright. nauthorized use of the images in the Local History Collections of the Arlington Community Archives is prohibited. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 94 _1_2_9 https://projectdaps.org/files/original/fd030657a4c98135d612140be1d710e9.pdf 9019934bd6c42ff9583b4029019c027c PDF Text Text Information for Arlington Citizens fro m The Arlington County Board and the Arlington School Board c o n c e rn in g PROPOSED COUNTY AND SCHOOL BONDS T o lie V o te d on TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 7 To the Voters of Arlington: The Arlington County Board and the Arlington School Board are presenting at this time for approval by the citizens of the community a total of $6,520,000 in County and School improvement bonds. Proceeds from the sale of these bonds will be used in the program of needed im­ provements in the County with priority given to those shown on the inside o f this leaflet. The Arlington County Board and the Arlington School Board con­ sider it their responsibility as County officials to study the needs of the community and to make recommendations which, in their considered judgment, will best meet these needs. It is for this reason that this program is presented. This leaflet is published jointly by the Arlington County Board and the Arlington School Board to provide information concerning the pro­ posed bond issues. It is being mailed to all voters at County and School expense. Arlington County Board By Leo Urbanske, Jr., Chairman Arlington School Board ' By Elizabeth P. Campbell, Chairman �FOR ESSENTIAL COUNTY im p r o v e m e n t s SCHOOL BONDS COUNTY LAND ACQUISITION BONDS To continue a program of land acquisition for various pur­ poses conforming to the projected County plans $500,000 STORM WATER DRAINAGE BONDS To carry forward the long range program for control of storm water drainage and elimination of flooding and erosion conditions $900,000 This will provide: Construction of storm sewers, improvements to storm water channels, and acquisition of land for storm water drainage along: P a rkh urst Playground. Lee Highway and N orth Sycamore S tre e t to n o rth w e s t. V irg in ia H ighla nds Branch fro m 26 th S tre e t to South Fern S tre et. N orth George Mason D rive fro m 11th S tre e t N o rth to W ashington Boulevard. 3 rd S tre e t N orth and N orth B arton S tre e t to N orth B a rton S tre e t and Pershing Drive. A rlin g to n Boulevard near N orth M an che ster S tre e t to n o rth . A rlin g to n Branch east o f South B a rton S tre e t to south. 4 1 s t S tre et N orth fro m N orth Glebe Road to w est. 2nd Stre et South and Old Glebe Road to east. North Ohio S tre et from W ashington B oulevard to 22nd S tre e t N orth . Old D om inion D rive fro m N orth Glebe Road to N o rth Bran dyw in e S tre e t. N orth George Mason Drive fro m 2 7 th S tre e t N orth to n o rth o f Y o rktow n Boulevard. 2700 Block South Eads S tre et to 2 0 th S tre e t South and South Grant Street. Ohio Stre et Branch fro m n o rth o f 22 n d S tre e t N o rth to 22nd Road North. 17th Stre et South and South Kent S tre e t to 1700 B lo ck South Lynn S treet. 5th S tre et South and South Le xin g to n S tre e t. 19th Street South and South F illm o re S tre et. 19th S tre et N orth and N orth Edison S tre e t to N o rth C olum bus S tre et. N orth Buchanan S tre et sou th o f 2 0 th S tre e t N orth to 16th Stre et North. 19th Street North and N orth C olum bus S tre e t to 2000 Block N orth Cameron Street. N orth Franklin Road and N orth Bryan S tre et. N orth Pe rsh ing Drive (a) N orth F illm o re S tre e t to N orth Edgewood S tre et (south lane). (b) N orth Kenm ore S tre e t to N orth M onroe S tre e t (sou th lane). W illia m s b u rg Boulevard fro m Glebe Road to 3 6 th S tre et N orth. John M arsha ll D rive fro m 2 5 th Road N orth to 26 th S tre e t N orth. Lo rcom Lane fro m w e s t o f M ilita ry Road to N orth R andolph S tre et. N orth Pe rsh ing D rive e a st o f N orth Barton S tre et to N orth D anville S tre et. Y o rktow n B oulevard fro m 2 6 th S tre e t N orth to w e st o f Glebe Road. W ashin gto n B oulevard fro m N orth Nelson S tre et to N orth Q uincy S tre et. F a irfa x D rive fro m L itt le F alls Road to County line. F a irfa x D rive fro m N orth B arton S tre e t to N orth D anville S treet. Neighborhood and Collector Streets To carry forward the long range plan for the construction of streets for the purpose of improving traffic flows and the elimination of traffic hazards $2,500,000 This will provide: Major Thoroughfare Construction M cK inley Road fro m W ilson Boule vard to n o rth . W illia m sb u rg B oulevard. John M arsha ll D rive to n o rth o f L itt le F alls Road. South S h irlin g to n Road fro m South Four M ile Run D rive to S h irlm g to n C irc le (One-half Ale xan dria). This is on e-h alf o f to ta l. M ilita ry Road. Lorcom Lane to n o rth o f N e llie C ustis Drive. N orth George Mason D rive fro m 19th S tre e t N orth to 22nd S tre e t N orth (w est lane only). W ashington B oulevard fro m 3 rd S tre e t N orth to n o rth o f A rlin g to n B oulevard (west lane only). N o rth W oodstock Stre et fro m 2 0 th Road N orth to south South Buchanan S tre e t fro m 8th Road South to C olum bia Pike. South P ershing D rive fro m A rlin g to n Boulevard to south. South H ighland S tre e t fro m 13th S tre et South to C olum bia Pike. M arcey Road fro m M ilita ry Road to east. Children at Drew-Kemper 16th S tre e t N orth fro m N orth R olfe S tre et to w est to North S co tt S tre et. —Their School Needs Today N orth Le xing ton S tre e t fro m W ilson Boulevard to n o rth (Bon A ir Park) South Oakcrest Road fro m South Joyce S tre et to w est (Oakcrest Playground). 8th S tre et South fro m South Randolph S tre et to South George Mason Drive (B a rc ro ft Playground). N orth Hudson S tre et fro m W ashington Boulevard to 10th S tre et (Fire S tation). RECREATIONAL FACILITIES BONDS To carry forward the long range program for expanding and improving recreational facilities and parks within the County $225,000 This will provide for the replacement of the South Walter Reed Drive Center and some improvements to 2 1 existing playgrounds: A rlin g to n Hall Jamestown B a rc ro ft Jennie Dean Bluem ont To carry forward the long range program for reducing hazards to pedestrians Kemper Bon A ir M adison M anor C arver C enter SIDEWALK BONDS N orth ea st Playground C herrydale $475,000 N orth F rede rick S tre e t fro m W ashington Boulevard to 10th S tre e t N orth. M ilita ry Road n o rth and south o f 2 6 th Road N orth (m issing areas). W illia m sb u rg Boulevard fro m N orth Emerson S tre et to N orth H arrison S treet. N orth C am eron S tre e t fro m 19th S tre et N orth to 22nd S tre et N orth. M ilita ry Road fro m N orth S tafford S tre e t to G ulf Branch. N orth R andolph S tre et fro m 17th S tre e t N orth to 2 0 th S tre et N orth. Lorcom Lane fro m N orth Q uincy S tre et to w e st o f Vacation Lane. N orth Jefferso n S tre et fro m W ilson B oulevard to 7th S tre et N orth. 2 5 th S tre e t N orth fro m George Mason D rive to N orth C olum bus S tre et. South Q uincy S tre e t fro m 16th S tre e t South to 19th S tre et South. N orth Quinn S tre et fro m Key Boulevard to W ilson Boulevard. N orth G reenbrier S tre e t fro m 2 7 th S tre et N orth to 2 8 th S tre e t N orth. 2 0 th S tre e t South fro m South Kent S tre et to South A rlin g to n Ridge Road. South C arlyn Springs Road fro m 3 rd S tre e t South to 5th S tre e t South. Approach to Church 5th S tre e t South fro m C arlyn Springs Road to South K ensington S tre e t. Rocky Run D o cto r’ s Run W ith property owner participation either by furnishing the right-of-way or paying half of the cost of constructing the sidewalk, curb and gutter, this will provide: To build 22 new classrooms, a new multipurpose room, a library, administrative offices, a clinic and other school facilities in the Drew-Kemper school area, and to buy land for other schools which still have inadequate sites.................. $950,000 N orth C ustis Road fro m Key Boulevard to W ilson B oulevard. 19th S tre et N orth fro m N orth Edison S tre e t to w est (Health Center). N o rth R andolph S tre et fro m W ilson Boulevard to F airfax D rive (w est o n e -h a lf only). 16th S tre et South fro m Glebe Road to South M onroe S tre et (south side). 16 th S tre e t N orth fro m N orth Abingdon S tre e t to N orth Buchanan S tre et. N o rth M cK inle y Road fro m F airfax D rive to W ashington B oulevard. South S h irlin g to n Road fro m 2 4 th Road South to Four M ile Run Drive. N o rth F illm o re S tre e t fro m 1st S tre e t N orth to N orth P ershing Drive. N o rth Le xing ton S tre e t fro m 19 th Road N orth to south (w est side). South S h irlin g to n Road fro m South Glebe Road to 2 4 th Road South. N o rth Q uincy S tre e t fro m 18th S tre e t N orth to 2 0 th Road N orth (west side o n ly p lu s pavem ent). 16th S tre e t N orth fro m P a trick Henry D rive to east. N orth F illm o re S tre e t fro m P ershing D rive to W ashington Boulevard. N orth H arrison S tre e t fro m Lee Highway to 2 7 th S tre e t N orth. N orth B arton S tre e t fro m 10th S tre e t N orth to F airfax Drive. 2 6 th S tre e t N orth fro m Old D om inion D rive to N orth Brandyw ine S treet. Key B oulevard fro m N orth V e itch S tre e t to N orth Barton S treet. 13th S tre et N orth fro m W ashington Boulevard to N orth H a rtfo rd Street. South Kenm ore S tre e t fro m S h irlin g to n Road to South W alter Reed Drive. Approaches to Schools STREET AND H IG H W A Y BONDS Other Priority Projects S h irle y Park F alls C hurch T aylor Park Fort Barnard Tuckahoe G lencarlyn W estover H a ll's H ill LIBRARY BONDS To carry out the next stage in the long range program for the improvement of library service $495,000 This will provide for the construction of three neighbor­ hood Branch Libraries in the following areas: Shirlington. Westover, and Glencarlyn, to replace present inadequate facilities. FIRE FIGHTING FACILITIES BONDS To carry out the next stage of the long range program for the improvement of fire protection facilities $475,000 This will provide a consolidated Fire Division Headquarters at a reconstructed fire station in Clarendon, and the purchase of land at the Hall's Hill Station. The Drew-Kemper school area is the only section in Arlington where we have an acute need for classroom space. As stated above, the §950,000 in school bonds asked at this time will build 22 new classrooms and other accompanying school facilities at Drew-Kemper— and will buy land at other schools where there is limited playground area. More than 1,000 children of kindergarten and elemen­ tary school age are enrolled in the Drew-Kemper schools. The School Board believes all these children are entitled to attend school in attractive, clean, safe class­ rooms within walking distance of their homes. The Present Situation About half of the Drew-Kemper children (492 of them) are fortunate enough to attend school in the modern Drew elementary school a t 25th and South Lincoln Street. There is no modern school for the rest of the DrewKemper boys and girls. This year, 129 of them are housed in the old Kemper school, built 37 years ago. The remaining 407 Drew-Kemper pupils go outside their home area to classes in the former Dolly Madison Junior High. This building was abandoned some years ago for permanent junior high school use because of traffic noise on Shirley Highway, limited playground space, and lack of essential facilities. The building is unsuitable for elementary pupils. The School Board plans to add the 22 needed class­ rooms to the present Drew school, giving all the DrewKemper children a modern school plant. A little more than ten acres of land will be available for the enlarged school. The present Drew building stands on a site of slightly more than five acres. Three additional acres of land are being purchased by the School Board. Two acres of adjoining county-owned playground will be used cooperatively by the school and the county Recreation Department. (This is a plan fol­ lowed at several schools in Arlington). A short section of 24th Street will be vacated to unify the site. Two School Units The enlarged school will be in two sections—one for young children from kindergarten through the third grade, the other for upper elementary grades. As is the case at present, assistant principals will be employed. The two school units will be separately administered. Each will have its own playground areas and its own lunchroom and recreation facilities. This, the School Board believes, will provide an educationally sound pro­ gram and a good school environment. Although many sincere Arlington citizens would pre­ fer to have an entirely new school built, rather than to add classrooms to the present Drew school, the Arling­ ton School Board knows of no other satisfactory school site in the area. For this reason the School Board asks voters to approve the enlargement of the present Drew school. �ELECTION ON COUNTY AND SCHOOL IMPROVEMENT BONDS Tuesday, N o vem b er 7 , 1961 Polls open 6:00 a m. to 7:00 p.m. A tfleMacje tc Arlington VeterA Room 201 'Jrctn the Bulk Rate Court House Countif Ccatd Arlington, Va. POSTAGE PAID A rlin g to n , Va. Perm it N o . 133 and the School ficard What About the Debt of Arlington County? The present debt supported by taxes is $32,231,700. This debt will be reduced by $1,908,575 by June 30, 1962, and, it is expected, by an additional $1,898,575 the following year. Repayment of principal and interest on the proposed new bonds will be arranged to fit into the planned financial structure of the County. The debt service on the proposed bonds will be about $373,000 the first year. This is approximately equivalent to what 8 cents of the present tax rate yields, based on present assessed valuations. This debt service requirement will be less each year for the 20 year life of the bonds. W ater and Sewer U tility Bonds ($9,041,000) are paid for from service charges rather than taxes. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource RG 94, Arlingtonians for a Better County (ABC) Organizational Records Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Flyer: "Information for Arlington Citizens from the Arlington County Board and the Arlington School Board concerning Proposed County and School Bonds to be voted on Tuesday, November 7 Description An account of the resource Flyer explaining the Bond Referendum on the ballot, November 7, 1961, for County and School improvements. 3 pages. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1961-11 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived RG 94, Arlingtonians for a Better County (ABC) Organizational Records Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Arlington County Board, Arlington School Board Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This image is subject to copyright. nauthorized use of the images in the Local History Collections of the Arlington Community Archives is prohibited. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 94_1_2_8 https://projectdaps.org/files/original/03c49be8062e89b64759c5b1fd298dfc.pdf c620ce9b387db6e50e44e18a78bfaab0 PDF Text Text BOND REFERENDUM FOR COUNTY AND SCHOOL IMPROVEMENTS Tuesday, M ay 17, I9 6 0 The Arlington County Board and Arlington School Board are jointly presenting, for approval by the voters of Arlington, bond issues totaling $7,580,000for County improvements. To the Voters of Arlington: The Arlington County Board and the Arlington School Board believe that improvements in Arlington's publicly-owned community facilities must continue to move forward together. Long range plans to this end have been carefully drawn up. There is also included a contribution to a regional park program. To further this program, the present bond proposals include street and sidewalk improvements and storm water drainage control as well as improvements to fire fighting facilities. Also included are improvements to library and health neighborhood services, and additional recreation facilities. Improvements to existing school facilities are proposed, and addi­ tions to park areas within the County and the Northern Virginia Region. All these will be submitted to the voters on May 17. This leaflet is published jointly by the Arlington County Board and the Arlington School Board to provide information concerning the pro­ posed bond issues. It is being mailed to voters at County and School expense. Arlington County Board By Herbert L. Brown, Jr., Chairman Arlington School Board By L. Lee Bean, Chairman �ESSENTIAL C O U N T Y IMPROVEMENTS STORM DRAINAGE CONTROL LIBRARIES To carry forward the long range program for control of storm water drainage and elimination of flooding and erosion conditions______________ $1,040,000 To carry out the next stage of the long range program for the improvement of library service__________ $250,000 This will provide: Construction of storm sewers, improvements to storm water channels, and acquisition of land for storm water drainage along: North Lynn Street from 19th Street North to south. This will provide for the construction of two neighbor­ hood Branch Libraries, one in the Shirlington area and one in the Westover area to replace present inadequate facilities. HEALTH CLINICS Parkhurst Playground, additional section. Lee Highway and North Sycamore Street to northwest. Virginia Highlands Branch from 26th Street South to South Fern Street. North George Mason Drive— 11th Street North to Washington Boulevard. 3rd Street North and North Barton Street to North Barton Street and North Pershing Drive. Arlington Boulevard near North Manchester Street to north. To carry out the first stage of the long range program for the improvement of the Health Department's neighborhood services--------------------------------------$100,000 This will provide for construction of two clinics, one in the Clarendon area and one in the Columbia Pike area to re­ place present inadequate facilities. Arlington Branch east of South Barton Street to south. 41st Street North— North Glebe Road to west. SIDEWALKS North Sycamore Street from Lee Highway to North Fairfax Drive and North Roosevelt Street. To carry forward the long range program for reducing hazards to pedestrians------------------------- $450,000 2nd Street South from Old Glebe Roal to east. North Ohio Street from Washington Boulevard to 22nd Street North. Old Dominion Drive and North Glebe Road to North Brandywine Street. North George Mason Drive from 27th Street North to north of Yorktown Boulevard. 2700 Block South Eads Street to 20th Street South and South Grant Street. Ohio Street Branch north of 22nd Street North to Lee Highway. 17th Street South and South Kent Street to 1700 Block South Lynn Street. 5th Street South and South Lexington Street. W ith property owner participation either by furnishing the right-of-way or paying half of the cost of constructing the sidewalk, curb and gutter, this will provide: Approaches to Schools North Frederick Street from Washington Boulevard to 10th Street North. M ilitary Road north and south of 26th Road North— missing areas. Williamsburg Boulevard from North Emerson Street to North Harrison Street. North Cameron Street from 19th Street North to 22nd Street North. M ilitary Road from North Stafford Street to Gulf Branch. PARK AUTHORITY CONTRIBUTION FOR REGIONAL PARKS To carry forward the long range program of the Northern Virginia Regional Park Authority___ $130,000 This will provide a contribution to the funds to be ex­ pended by the Authority, created by Arlington and other Northern Virginia jurisdictions, to provide public parks and recreation areas within the jurisdiction of the Authority. North Randolph Street from 17th Street North to 20th Road North. Lorcom Lane from North Quincy Street to west of Vacation Lane. North Jefferson Street from Wilson Boulevard to 7th Street North. 25th Street North from George Mason Drive to North Columbus Street. South Lincoln Street from 22nd Street South to South Lowell Street. 25th Street North from Glebe Road to North Buchanan Street. 26th Street North from George Mason Drive to North Columbus Street. South Quincy Street from 16th Street South to 19th Street South. 20th Street South from Arlington Ridge Road to South Kent Street. PARKS AND RECREATIONAL FACILITIES To carry forward the long range program for expanding and improving recreational facilities and parks within the County______________ $800,000 This will provide for the replacement o f the South Walter Reed Drive Center, the expansion of the Dawson Terrace Center, and a new Center in the Nauck area. It will also make possible the acquisition and development of stream valley park land in the areas of: Four Mile Run-Columbia Pike; Madison Manor-North Roosevelt Street; and Long Branch-Glencarlyn. Approaches to Churches 5th Street South from Carlyn Springs Road to South Kensington Street. Other Priority Projects South Buchanan Street from 8th Road South to Columbia Pike. North Westmoreland Street from Fairfax Drive to County Line. South Pershing Drive from Arlington Boulevard to south. South Highland Street from 13th Street South to Columbia Pike. Marcey Road fro m M ilitary Road to east. �$1,750,000 FOR S C H O O L C O N S T R U C T I O N A large increase in school enrollment in one particular area of Arlington, coupled with the community's high standards of public education, are factors which influenced the School Board to present a bond proposal to County voters at this time. The money is needed to finance school construction. Projects to be built immediately are: ADDITION AT DREW SCHOOL A serious shortage of classroom space has arisen at Drew school, 2410 South Lincoln Street. A t least 19 new class­ rooms are needed to meet school needs in that vicinity. The children in 10 classrooms at Drew are on half-day sessions this year. Drew school, named for a famous Negro physician, is operated os one unit with the nearby Kemper school. En­ rollment in the Drew-Kemper area stands this year at 744. By next year there will be 800 children in the first six grades there. Other Arlington elementary schools in that section of the County cannot accommodate the present Drew overload nor the larger number of children expected to enter Drew in the immediate years ahead. Building of the extra classrooms for Drew will provide the children of this area with good school facilities within walk­ ing distance of their homes. STREETS AND HIGHW AYS To carry forward the long range plan for the improvement of traffic flows and the elimination o f traffic hazards__________________________ $2,660,000 AUXILIARY GYMNASIUMS AT WASHINGTON-LEE H IG H SCHOOL The Virginia State Board of Education recommends auxil­ iary gymnasiums for large secondary schools in the state. The original plans for the 1952 Washington-Lee addition in­ cluded auxiliary gyms, but they were eliminated. The result is that as many as six physical education classes must be conducted at one time in the present gymnasium. The School Board wishes to build two auxiliary gymnas­ iums at Washington-Lee with accompanying locker facilities. This would bring Washington-Lee physical education facili­ ties to an acceptable standard. MULTIPURPOSE ROOMS AT FOUR ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS Four of Arlington's older elementary schools are still without multipurpose rooms and kitchens. The multipurpose rooms are needed for combined use as cafeterias, auditor­ iums and playrooms. All other elementary schools in Arling­ ton now have such facilities. Schools needing multipurpose rooms are: Nellie Custis, 712 23rd Street South. John Marshall, 4751 25th Street North. Peyton Randolph, 14th and South Quincy Streets. Woodlawn, 4720 16th Street North. Lorcom Lane west of M ilitary Road to North Randolph Street. North Pershing Drive from east of North Barton Street to North Dan­ ville Street. Yorktown Boulevard from North Buchanan Street to 26th Street North. Neighborhood and Collector Streets This will provide: North Randolph Street— Wilson Boulevard to Fairfax Drive. Major Thoroughfare Construction North Quincy Street— Wilson Boulevard to Washington Boulevard. McKinley Road from Wilson Boulevard to north. 16th Street South— Glebe Road to South Monroe Street. Williamsburg Boulevard North McKinley Road from Fairfax Drive to Washington Boulevard. (a) (b) John Marshall Drive to north of Little Falls Road. Complete North Sycamore Street intersection. South Shirlington Road from 24th Road South to South Four M ile Run Drive. South Shirlington Road from South Four Mile Run Drive to Shirlington Circle (Va by City of Alexandria). 18th Street North from North Longfellow Street to North Lexington Street. M ilitary Road from Lorcom Lane to Nellie Custis Drive. North Fillmore Street from 1st Street North to Pershing Drive. North Lynn Street from Arlington Boulevard to 19th Street North. North Lexington Street from 19th Road North to south. Washington Boulevard from north of Arlington Boulevard to south of Pershing Drive (west lane). North Harrison Street from Lee Highway to Little Falls Road. North Woodstock Street from 20th Road North to south. North Pershing Drive (a) From North Fillmore Street to North Edgewood Street (south lane). (b) North Kenmore Street to North Monroe Street (south lane). Williamsburg Boulevard (29th Street North) from North Wyoming Street to County Line Military Road from 31st Street North to south of 35th Street North (west side). North Sycamore Street from Washington Boulevard to Lee Highway. Williamsburg Boulevard from Glebe Road to 36th Street North. John Marshall Drive from 25th Road North to 26th Street North. South Shirlington Road from Glebe Road to 24th Road South. 16th Street North east of North Lexington Street. North Quincy Street from Lee Highway to South. 13th Street North from North Hartford Street to Washington Boulevard. FIRE FIGHTING FACILITIES To carry out the next stage of the long range program for the improvement of fire protection service_____ $400,000 This will provide a consolidated Fire Division Headquar­ ters at a reconstructed fire station in Clarendon. �SPECIAL ELECTION COUNTY AND SCHOOL IMPROVEMENT BONDS Tuesday, M ay 17, I9 6 0 Polls open at regular voting places 6:00 a m. to 7:00 p.m. Daylight Saving Time fi H teAAatje to Arlington Voter* Room 212 Jew the Court House Ccuhtif Sear4 Arlington, Va. Bulk Rato POSTAGE PAID Arlington, Va. Permit No. 133 and the £cheel Scant What Will the Combined Bond Issues Cost the Arlington Home Owner? Arlington is today paying o ff its bonded indebtedness at the rate o f $1,828,000 a year and enjoys an excellent credit rating. To repay the combined proposed bond issues, with interest over a 20-year period will require an in­ crease in the property tax rates of less than 4 per cent. The average cost to the owner o f a $20,000 home in Arlington would be about $10 a year for repayment of principal and interest on such bonds. Repayment of principal and interest on the proposed new bonds will be planned to f it into the financial structure o f the County so as to avoid unduly high costs in any one year. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource RG 94, Arlingtonians for a Better County (ABC) Organizational Records Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Flyer: "Bond Referendum for County and School Improvements" Description An account of the resource Flyer explaining the Bond Referendum on the ballot, May 17, 1960 for County and School improvements. 3 pages. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960-05-17 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived RG 94, Arlingtonians for a Better County (ABC) Organizational Records Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Arlington County Board, Arlington School Board Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1960s Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This image is subject to copyright. nauthorized use of the images in the Local History Collections of the Arlington Community Archives is prohibited. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 94_1_2_7